10 PM Current Affairs Quiz: November 28, 2020

Both statements are correct.
Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC), based in Gurgaon, was established in November 2014, and is the nodal centre for maritime security information collation and dissemination. It is jointly operated by the Navy and Coast Guard and is the cornerstone of the National Command Control Communication and Intelligence Network for monitoring maritime traffic in India’s area of interest.
It is important to note that IMAC tracks only non-military or commercial ships, known as white shipping. Military ships, or grey hull ships, are tracked by the Directorate of Naval Operations.
The IMAC monitors movement of more than 120,000 ships a year passing through the Indian Ocean. The cargo carried by these ships account for 66 per cent of world crude oil, 50 per cent of container traffic and 33 per cent of bulk cargo. Thus, IMAC performs a very crucial role in collecting shipping information, analysing traffic patterns and sharing the inputs with the user agencies.

Both statements are correct.
Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) can be produced from biomass and organic waste sources like paddy straw & farm stubble, agricultural residue, cattle dung, sugarcane press mud, distillery spent wash, municipal solid waste, sewage treatment plant waste, forest residue etc.
Bio-gas is produced naturally through a process of anaerobic decomposition from waste / bio-mass sources like agriculture residue, cattle dung, sugarcane press mud, municipal solid waste, sewage treatment plant waste, etc. After purification, it is compressed and called CBG, which has pure methane content of over 95%. Compressed Bio-Gas is exactly similar to the commercially available natural gas in its composition and energy potential.
Government of India launched Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) initiative in 2018 to promote CBG as an alternative, green transport fuel for efficient management of biomass and organic waste.

The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 defines aggregators as digital intermediaries or market places which can be used by passengers to connect with a driver for transportation purposes (taxi services). These aggregators will be issued licenses by state. Further, they must comply with the Information Technology Act, 2000.
The Union Ministry of Road Transport & Highways has come up with Motor Vehicle Aggregator Guidelines-2020 to regulate cab aggregators such as Ola and Uber, among others, in India. These are issued as guiding framework for State Governments, to consider for issuance of licenses to transport aggregators and for the purposes of regutating the business conducted by such aggregators

Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI), in partnership with the States, has launched an all India centrally sponsored “PM Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises Scheme (PM FME Scheme)” for providing financial, technical and business support for upgradation of existing micro food processing enterprises. The objectives of the scheme are:
–Support for capital investment for upgradation and formalization with registration for GST, FSSAI hygiene standards and Udyog Aadhar;
–Capacity building through skill training, imparting technical knowledge on food safety, standards & hygiene and quality improvement;
–Hand holding support for preparation of DPR, availing bank loan and upgradation;
–Support to Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), Self Help Groups (SHGs), producers’ cooperatives for capital investment, common infrastructure and support branding and marketing.

All of the above reports are correctly matched.
–The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World is an annual flagship report jointly prepared by FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition and to provide in depth analysis on key challenges for achieving this goal in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
–The 2020 Global Report on Food Crises is the result of a joint, consensus-based assessment of acute food insecurity situations around the world by 16 partner organizations (FAO, UNICEF, WFP etc.). It is facilitated by the Food Security Information Network, which provides the core coordination and technical support to pillar 1 of the Global Network Against Food Crises’s.
–Launched amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Bread for the World Institute’s 2020 report Hunger Report 2020: Better Nutrition, Better Tomorrow focuses on the greatest obstacles to ending hunger and malnutrition: inequities associated with gender, race, ethnicity, and other identifiers of marginalized social status.

Maharashtra coasts have witnessed a fluorescent bluish glow when the waves hit the shoreline in recent days.
The ‘Blue tide’ appears when luminescent marine life makes the sea appear a deep shade of blue. This phenomenon occurs when microscopic marine plants known as dinoflagellates, produce light through chemical reactions in proteins. Waves disturb these unicellular microorganisms and make them release blue light.
# Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. Bioluminescent creatures are found throughout marine habitats, from the ocean surface to the deep seafloor.

White shipping information refers to exchange of relevant advance information on the identity and movement of commercial non-military merchant vessels.
The seas around India abound in vessels of various types ranging from small inland fishing crafts to larger fishing vessels, coastal crafts carrying personnel and cargo and merchant ships of all shapes and sizes that carry various types of cargo.
Being aware of the identity of these vessels is imperative to preventing any potential threat from the sea from impinging on the coastal and offshore security of the country. The 26/11 Mumbai terrorist attack is a case in point. Indian Navy has thus been working towards achieving complete Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) along with all other concerned agencies like the coast guard, customs, ports, fisheries, etc.
# White Shipping agreements refer to exchange of relevant advance information on the identity and movement of commercial non-military merchant vessels.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Brain Electrical Oscillation Signature Profiling (BEOS) also known as brain fingerprinting is a neuro psychological method of interrogation in which a suspect participation in a crime is detected by electing electro physiological impulses, it is also a tool which measures the changes in electrical activity of the brain associated with the presence of knowledge provoked by probe when the suspect does not have to offer an answer or response.
Statement 2 is correct. It works on EEG (Electro encephalograph machine). BEOS is a non-invasive technique with a great degree of sensitivity and a neuro-psychological method of interrogation which is referred to as brain fingerprinting or brain finger mapping. BEOS is used to identify individuals with experience of participating in a crime.

Statement 1 is incorrect. 2019 was the 2nd warmest year on record. The past five years have been the hottest five.

Statement 2 is incorrect. About 29 percent of the solar energy that arrives at the top of the atmosphere is reflected back to space by clouds, atmospheric particles, or bright ground surfaces like sea ice and snow. About 23 percent of incoming solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere by water vapor, dust, and ozone, and 48 percent passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by the surface. Thus, about 71 percent of the total incoming solar energy is absorbed by the Earth system.

# New Zealand’s government will decide next week if a climate emergency should be declared in the country or not.

The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal protocol will reduce the projected production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80 per cent over the next 30 years.
The Kyoto Protocol operationalizes the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions in accordance with agreed individual targets.
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS).
# Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change recently launched the India Climate Change Knowledge Portal. The portal will have all the major steps the Government is taking at both national and international levels to address the climate change issues.