10 PM Current Affairs Quiz: October 2nd, 2020

Explanation: Statement 1 is incorrect. Each year the International Day of Peace is observed around the world on 21 September. The UN General Assembly has declared this as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace, through observing 24 hours of non-violence and cease-fire.
The International Day of Non-Violence is observed on 2 October, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian independence movement and pioneer of the philosophy and strategy of non-violence [UN].
# International days designated by UN are occasions to educate the public on issues of concern, to mobilize political will and resources to address global problems and to celebrate and reinforce achievements of humanity.
Statement 2 is correct. Mahatma Gandhi was nominated five times for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1937, 1938, 1939, 1947 and 1948. He was never awarded a peace prize.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Lal Bahadur Shastri held several portfolios in the Union Cabinet – Minister for Railways; Minister for Transport and Communications; Minister for Commerce and Industry; Home Minister.
Home Ministers of India:
-Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (1946-1950)
-C. Rajagopalachari (1950-1951)
-Kailash Nath Katju (1951-1955)
-Govind Ballabh Pant (1955-1961)
-Lal Bahadur Shastri (1961-1963)
Statement 2 is incorrect. Lal Bahadur Shastri led India as Prime Minister in the 1965 Indo-Pak War. He died in Tashkent, Uzbekistan (Soviet Union) on the 11th January, 1966, one day after signing a peace treaty (Tashkent Declaration) to end the 1965 Indo-Pakistan War.

Statement 1 is incorrect. ‘Betting and gambling’ is listed as Entry 34 under the State List of Seventh Schedule under the Constitution.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The Information Technology Act 2000 regulates cyber activities in India but does not explicitly regulate or mention online betting or gambling. Various states have their own legislation on gambling, and most States have an exemption for games of skill.

Statement 1 is correct. Army Static Switched Communication Network (ASCON) was evolved to integrate the telecommunication infrastructure of the hinterland with the tactical communication networks.
It is a digital, fully automated, secure, reliable and survivable static communication system based on microwave radio, optical fiber cable, and satellite and mill metric wave communication equipments.
Statement 2 is correct. Value-added Services such as FAX, TELEX, Data Transfer and Video are also available to defence users on this network.
# Cabinet Committee on Security has approved the proposal for the establishment of Army Static Switched Communication Network, ASCON Phase IV Network.
# The project will provide better survivability, responsiveness and high bandwidth in any operational scenario and enhance the communication coverage of network closer to International Border, Line of Control and Line of Actual Control.

Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and NITI Aayog are organizing a Global Virtual Summit on Artificial Intelligence (AI), RAISE 2020- ‘Responsible AI for Social Empowerment 2020,’ from October 5-9, 2020.
The event will witness participation from global industry leaders, key opinion makers, Government representatives and academia.

Statement 1 is correct. The Convention on Biological Diversity is an international treaty agreed to at the UN Earth Summit in Brazil in 1992.
It has three goals: the conservation of biological diversity; the sustainable use of nature; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic science.
Statement 2 is correct. Under the CBD, countries in 2010 agreed to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets – a group of 20 goals to conserve biodiversity that range from preserving species to reducing deforestation by 2020.
Countries had until 2020 to reach the targets, and then move on to create a post-2020 global biodiversity framework. But despite some progress, the targets – which range from stopping species from extinction to cutting pollution and preserving forests – were not achieved.

The basic objective of the National Programme for the Health Care for the Elderly (NPHCE) is to provide separate, specialized and comprehensive health care to the senior citizens at various level of State health care delivery system including outreach services.
Main Strategies:
– Preventive and promotive care: Services such as regular physical exercise, balanced diet, vegetarianism, stress management, avoidance of smoking or tobacco products and prevention of fall, etc. are provided by expanding access to health practices through domiciliary visits by trained health workers.
– Management of Illness: Dedicated outdoor and indoor patients’ services will be developed at PHCs, CHCs, District Hospitals and Regional Geriatric Centres.
– Health Man Power Development for Geriatric Services: In service training will be imparted to the health manpower using standard training modules prepared with the help of medical colleges and regional institutions.
The post graduate courses in geriatric medicine will be introduced in Regional Geriatric Centres for which additional teaching and supportive faculties are provided to these institutions.
# The UN theme of the International Day of Older Persons 2020 (1 October) was “Pandemics: Do They Change How We Address Age and Ageing?”

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has published the rules stating the rights of Good Samaritans:
– They shall be treated respectfully without any discrimination on the grounds of religion, nationality, caste or sex.
– No police officer or any other person shall compel a Good Samaritan to disclose his/her name, identity, address or any such other personal details. However, he may voluntarily choose to disclose the same.
– Every public and private hospital shall publish a charter in Hindi, English and vernacular language, at the entrance or other conspicuous location, and on their website, stating the rights of Good Samaritans under the Act and the rules made thereunder.
– If a person has voluntarily agreed to become a witness in the case in which he has acted as a Good Samaritan, he shall be examined in accordance with the provisions of this rule, for which detailed guidelines and process has been mentioned in the rules.

AstroSat was launched by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 2015 and iscapable of carrying out simultaneous observations over a range of wavelengths from the far ultraviolet to the hard X-ray band.
Statement 1 is correct. The Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) is a remarkable 3-in-1 imaging telescope. Weighing all of 230 kg, the UVIT can simultaneously observe in the visible, the near-ultraviolet (NUV) and the far-ultraviolet (FUV).
UVIT comprises of two separate telescopes. One of them works in the visible (320-550 nm) and the NUV (200-300 nm). The second works only in the FUV (130-180 nm).
Statement 2 is correct. India’s first multi-wavelength satellite, AstroSat, has detected extreme-UV (EUV) light from a galaxy, called AUDFs01, 9.3 billion light-years away from Earth. At the time, our universe was forming stars at its peak rate.
The EUV photons emitted by galaxies like AUDFs01 could play a crucial role in reionizing the early universe soon after the Cosmic Dark Age and emitting the first light.

The Roman Warm Period was a period of unusually warm weather in Europe and the North Atlantic that ran from approximately 250 BC to AD 400.
The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) or Medieval Climate Anomaly was a time of warm climate in the North Atlantic region lasting from about 900–1300 AD.
The Little Ice Age (LIA), climate interval that occurred from the early 14th century through the mid-19th century, when mountain glaciers expanded at several locations, including the European Alps, New Zealand, Alaska, and the southern Andes, and mean annual temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere declined.