Daily Quiz #3 UPSC Prelims Marathon – October 4, 2019

Explanation: The Tso Kar or Tsho kar, known for its size and depth, is a fluctuating salt lake situated in the Rupshu Plateau and valley in the southern part of Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir.
Pangong Tso is an endorheic lake in the Himalayas situated at a height of about 4,350 m in the Ladakh Region.
Tsomgo Lake is a glacial lake in Sikkim. It is located near the capital Gangtok.
Tso Moriri is a lake in the Ladakhi part of the Changthang Plateau in Jammu and Kashmir.

Explanation: The Indian Drainage System can be divided into two broad categories on the basis of origin i.e. Himalayan Rivers and Peninsular Rivers. Himalayan rivers are perennial and come from high altitude with high speed, and have large and deep courses. Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra is the main rivers of the Himalaya Rivers System. Peninsular Rivers are broad, stable and flow through shallow valleys. Narmada, Tapi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery and Mahanadi is the main Peninsular Rivers.
Some of the differences between these two types of rivers are:
•While Himalayan Rivers are perennial in nature, peninsular rivers are seasonal in nature and are heavily dependent upon rainfall.
•While Himalayan Rivers are young and cause much erosion and have great flow of water, peninsular rivers are mature and create much less erosion and also have weaker flow of water. Himalayan rivers are meandering, whereas peninsular rivers are straight.
•Himalayan rivers create Great Plains suitable for agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization. Hence, these are some of the most densely populated areas in the country.
•Compared to the peninsular rivers, the Himalayan rivers are much longer and deeper than peninsular rivers.

Explanation: A primate city is the largest city in its country or region, disproportionately larger than any others in the urban hierarchy. A ‘primate city distribution’ is a rank-size distribution that has one very large city with many much smaller cities and towns, and no intermediate-sized urban centres – a King effect, visible as an outlier on an otherwise linear graph, when the rest of the data fit a power law or stretched exponential function. The ‘law of the primate city’ was first proposed by the geographer Mark Jefferson in 1939. He defines a primate city as being “at least twice as large as the next largest city and more than twice as significant. A primate city is number one in its country in most aspects, like politics, economy, media, culture and universities.

Explanation: The thermosphere is the layer of the Earth’s atmosphere directly above the mesosphere. It extends from about 90 km to 1,000 km above our planet. In thermosphere temperature can reach up to 4,500 degrees Fahrenheit. Thus making it the warmest layer of the atmosphere.

Explanation: The range parallels the Vindhya Range to the north, and these two east-west ranges divide Indian Subcontinent into the Indo-Gangetic plain of northern India and the Deccan Plateau of the south.
Vindhya Range, broken range of hills forming the southern escarpment of the central upland of India. From Gujarat state on the west, it extends about 675 miles (1,086 km) across Madhya Pradesh state to abut on the Ganges (Ganga) River valley near Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The mountains form the southern edge of the Malwa Plateau and then divide into two branches: the Kaimur Range, running north of the Son River into western Bihar state, and the southern branch, running between the upper reaches of the Son and Narmada rivers to meet the Satpura Range in the Maikala Range (or Amarkantak Plateau).