Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon- July 10

Exp: Statement 1 is incorrect. The Nehru Report 1928 was a report by a committee headed by Pt. Motilal Nehru. This committee was created when Lord Birkenhead, Secretary of State of India asked the Indian leaders to draft a constitution for the country.

Statement 2 is incorrect. One of the main points of the report was that there will be no separate electorates.

Statement 3 is correct. The report, which demanded a Dominion Status for India was considered by the Congress. This means independence within the British Commonwealth.

The important points of the Nehru report were as follows:

• India would be given Dominion status. This means independence within the British Commonwealth.
• India will be a federation which shall have a bicameral legislature at the centre and Ministry would be responsible to the legislature.
• Governor General of India would be the constitutional head of India and will have the same powers as that of British Crown.
• There will be no separate electorate.
• The draft report also defined the citizenship and fundamental rights.

Statement 1 is correct. The Ahmadiya movement was launched by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadiyan in 1889, who began his work as a defender of Islam against the polemics of the Arya Samaj and the Christian missionaries.

Statement 2 is incorrect. The Ahmadiyas opposed jihad or sacred war against non-Muslims and stressed fraternal relations among all people.

More about Ahmadiya Movement

• The movement spread Western liberal education among Indian Muslims and started a network of schools and colleges for that purpose.
• Ghulam Ahmad was greatly influenced  by  Western liberalism, Theosophy, and the religious-reform movements of the Hindus.
• The Ahmadiya movement based itself, like the Brahmo Samaj, on the principles of a universal religion of all humanity.

Exp: Junagadh was the only state where referendum was held after partition of India, in 1948.

Thus, option b is the correct answer.

Exp: Statement 1 is correct.

Statement 2 is incorrect. HSRA brought out a Manifesto known as “Philosophy of the Bomb“. This manifesto was written by Bhagawathi Charan Vohra, and not Batukeshwar Dutt.

More about HSRA

• Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was a revolutionary organization, also known as Hindustan Socialist Republican Army established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla in New Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thaparand others.
• There were many early attempts at disruption and obtaining funds, such as the robbery of a post office in Calcutta and of monies belonging to a railway at Chittagong, both in 1923, but the Kakori train robberywas the most prominent of the early HRA efforts.
• The association’s methods were diametrically opposite to that of Gandhi’s Nonviolent resistance The revolutionaries and their methods were severely criticised by Gandhi.

Exp: All the above princely states except Gwalior were annexed by the British.

Exp:

Both the statements are correct. But, the question is asking about incorrect statements. So, d is the correct option – Neither 1 nor 2.

Statement 1 is correct. The act empowered the members to discuss the budget and move resolutions before it was approved finally. They were given rights to ask supplementary questions and move resolutions to on matters related to loans to the local bodies.

Statement 2 is correct. The act enlarged the size of the legislative council both Central and Provincial. The number of members in the Central Legislative Council was raised from 16 to 60. The number in Provincial legislative council was not uniform. Legislative councils of Bengal , Bombay and Madras was increased to 50 members each. The provincial legislature of U.P. was to have 50, of Assam, Burma and Punjab 30 each.

Exp:

All the above pairs are matched correctly.

1. Keshab Chandra Sen drew around him a number of earnest enthusiasts, mostly young men with whom he established in 1859, a small society known as Sangat Sabha (‘Friendly Association’). Its main objective was to discuss the spiritual and social problems of the day. In various meetings of the Sangat Sabha, members decided to give up their caste, to discard the sacred thread, to accept no invitation to any idolatrous festival, to give no countenance to the dancing of public women, to practice temperance, to give their wives and sisters the advantages of the light they had themselves received and to be strictly truthful, honest and just in all their dealings with their fellowmen.

2. Before joining the Brahmo Samaj, Devendranath Tagore had organized the Tattvaranjini Sabha at Jorasanko (Calcutta), which was later renamed as Tattvabodhini Sabha. Its inception ushered in a new epoch not only in the Brahmo movement, but in the Bengal Renaissance. Its main objectives were promotion of religious enquiry and dissemination of the knowledge of the Upanishads. As its programme was intimately connected with the Brahmo Samaj, the Tattvabodhini Sabha became its main organizational wing.

3. In 1815, Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Atmiya Sabha, a precursor in the socio-religious reforms in Bengal.