Source: The post India’s evolving foreign policy has been created on the article “Gaza, a new pointer to India’s changed world view” published in “The Hindu” on 14th December 2023.
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS paper 2- International relation- Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests
News: The article discusses India’s evolving foreign policy, particularly regarding the Israel-Palestine conflict. Historically non-aligned and supportive of Palestine, India is now closer to Israel, influenced by security concerns and relations with the US. This change also reflects India’s strategic response to China’s rise.
What was India’s historical stance on Israel-Palestine conflict?
What changed in India’s policy towards Israel-Palestine conflict?
Shift Due to Security and Terrorism Concerns: The rise of Pakistan-supported Islamic militancy against India led to a strategic shift towards Israel for enhanced security and intelligence cooperation.
Upgrading Diplomatic Relations: In 1992, India upgraded its relations with Israel to ambassadorial level, a significant move from its earlier policy of keeping relations at a consular level.
Recent Pro-Israeli Tendencies: India’s rapid support for Israel during conflicts and abstaining from certain UN resolutions indicate a more pro-Israeli stance compared to the past.
Balanced Approach with Palestine: Even with closer ties to Israel, India continued supporting Palestine. For instance, India’s External Affairs Ministry voiced support for direct negotiations towards a sovereign Palestinian state, showing a balance in its stance.
What is the concern related to change in India policy towards Israel-Palestine?
Erosion of Non-Alignment Principle: The shift towards Israel marks a departure from India’s historical stance of non-alignment and balanced foreign policy.
Impact on India’s Muslim Population: India’s growing proximity to Israel raises concerns among its substantial Muslim population, who traditionally sympathize with the Palestinian cause.
Isolation from Global South: India’s abstention from the UN vote calling for a ceasefire in the Israel-Palestine conflict contrasts with its role as a voice of the Global South.
Gandhian Principles at Stake: India’s reluctance to vote for peace in the UN General Assembly is seen as contrary to its Gandhian legacy of non-violence and peace advocacy.
How have global dynamics influenced India’s foreign policy?
China’s Rise and US Alignment: The increasing influence and territorial disputes with China have led India to strengthen its ties with the United States, especially after the Galwan clash in June 2020.
Engagement in Middle Eastern Affairs and Economic Strategies: India’s active involvement in Middle Eastern politics, evidenced by its participation in the I2U2 group and the Abraham Accords, demonstrates a strategic interest in the region. Additionally, economic initiatives like the IMEC (India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor), announced at the G-20 summit, further highlight India’s expanding economic engagement in the Middle East.
Reorientation from Traditional Allies: With Russia’s diminishing influence in global politics and China’s assertiveness, India is visibly shifting its foreign policy, moving away from its traditional reliance on Russia.
Question for practice:
Examine the factors that led to India’s shift in policy towards the Israel-Palestine conflict.
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