National Human Rights Commission

It is a statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 and in conformity with the Paris Principles (1991). The Commission serves as the guardian of human rights in the country. National Human Rights Commission

Composition:

• The Commission is a multi–member body with a chairperson and five members
(excluding the ex–officio members).
• Chairperson– A retired Chief Justice of India or a Supreme Court judge.
• Members:
✓ One member who is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court.
✓ One member who is or has been the Chief Justice of a High Court.
✓ Three members appointed from individuals with knowledge of or practical
experience in human rights matters.
 Note: At least one of the three members must be a woman.

Ex–officio members–Chairpersons of National Commissions viz., National
Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes,
National Commission for Women, National Commission for Minorities, National
Commission for Backward Classes, National Commission for Protection of Child
Rights; and the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities.

Appointment– The chairperson and members are appointed by the President based
on recommendations from a six–member committee, which includes The Prime
Minister (head), Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha,
Leaders of the Opposition in both Houses, The Central Home Minister.

Tenure– The chairperson and members serve a term of 3 years or until age 70,
whichever comes first, and are eligible for reappointment.

Powers– NHRC has the powers of a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.