On India’s approach to Defence Modernisation – Sukhoi upgrade

Source: This post on India’s approach to Defence Modernisation is based on the article “Sukhoi upgrade: An ode to our geopolitical neutrality” published in Live Mint on 15^th November 2023.

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2 International Relations.
GS Paper 3 Science and Technology – Indigenisation of technology and developing new technology.

News: This article discusses how India is upgrading its Russian SU30 MKI fighter jets with global technologies. This mix of Russian, European, Israeli, and American tech in the jets reflects India’s independent foreign policy and its aim to strengthen its air force.

What are the specifications of the SU30 MKI fighter jet?

The Sukhoi Su-30MKI is a twin-engine, multi-role fighter jet. Developed by Russia’s Sukhoi and India’s HAL, it’s used by the Indian Air Force. Key features include thrust vectoring for enhanced maneuverability and a range of up to 3,000 km. It’s equipped with advanced avionics, radar, and can carry a variety of weapons. Introduced in 2002, it remains a cornerstone of India’s air defense.

How is India upgrading its fighter jets?

Diverse Technology Mix: India is upgrading its SU30 MKI jets to “Super Sukhoi,” incorporating technologies from Russia, Israel, France, and Britain.

Enhanced Capabilities: The upgrade includes Israeli avionics, French navigation systems, and compatibility with British equipment, significantly boosting the jet’s performance.

Radar System Upgrade: The introduction of the Virupaksha AESA radar system allows for a broader range of compatible weapons, including those from Europe and America.

Engine Improvements: Plans are in place to enhance the jet’s engines, potentially using technology from France and America, aiming to extend the jets’ service life until 2050.

What is the significance of this upgrade?

Foreign Policy Reflection: This strategy illustrates India’s independent foreign policy, choosing the best technologies globally without aligning closely with any single geopolitical power.

Integration of Indian Weaponry: The indigenous radar system facilitates the integration of Indian-made weapons, boosting the IAF’s capabilities.

Addressing Regional Security Challenges: This upgrade is critical for India in addressing evolving security challenges, especially with the increasing presence of stealth aircraft in the region.

Breaking Traditional Aviation Norms: By combining Russian aircraft design with Western and Israeli technologies, India is setting a unique precedent in modern aviation history.

Terminology used:

Virupaksha AESA radar system: The Virupaksha AESA radar is an advanced radar system for the Sukhoi-30MKI aircraft.

Beyond Visual Range (BVR) missile systems: Beyond Visual Range (BVR) missile systems are air-to-air missiles designed to engage targets at long distances, typically over 37 km, beyond the pilot’s direct visual range.

Question for practice:

Examine how India’s approach in upgrading its SU30 MKI jets with various international technologies reflects its foreign policy.