Q. Which of the following is the most accurate description of the personal character and administrative style of Emperor Aurangzeb (Alamgir)?
Answer: B
Notes:
Explanation:
- (b) Correct. Aurangzeb was renowned for his austere lifestyle, strict personal adherence to the tenets of Islam (earning him the nickname Zinda Pir, which is generally associated with his piety, not pluralism), and immense dedication to administrative work. However, his suspicion of almost everyone—including his sons and leading generals—prevented the delegation necessary for managing an empire of the size it had reached, leading to poor morale and administration.
- (a) Incorrect. He was an efficient military leader, but he banned music and dismissed court musicians.
- (c) Incorrect. Shah Jahan was the great builder; Aurangzeb curtailed spending on such projects and preferred a life of austerity.
- (d) Incorrect. He was known for his strict Sunni orthodoxy and the reversal of many of Akbar’s pluralistic policies, which alienated large sections of the non-Muslim population.

