Q. Which of the following statements are the rights provided to Children by the Indian Constitution?
1. Right to free and compulsory elementary education.
2. Prohibition of Employment of Children in any harmless or innocent work
3. No child shall be compelled to attend any religious instructions in any educational institution which receives aid from the State.
4. Prohibition of child marriage.
Select the correct option using the code given below:
Exp) Option b is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is correct: Article 21 A declares that the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such a manner as the State may determine. Thus, this provision makes only elementary education a Fundamental Right and not higher or professional education.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Article 24 of the constitution gives all children the fundamental right against child labour, by prohibiting their employment, especially in hazardous professions, below 14 years of age. But it does not prohibit their employment in any harmless or innocent work.
Statement 3 is correct: Under Article 28, no religious instruction shall be provided in any educational institution wholly maintained out of State funds. However, this provision shall not apply to an educational institution administered by the State but established under any endowment or trust, requiring imparting of religious instruction in such institution. Further, no person attending any educational institution recognised by the State or receiving aid out of State funds shall be required to attend any religious instruction or worship in that institution without his consent. In case of a minor, the consent of his guardian is needed.
Statement 4 is incorrect: Although child marriage has been counted as a gross violation of both child and human rights in international law, and it is banned in India under laws like Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, there is no provision in the constitution itself that bars this practice of wedding minors.