Q. With reference to Plantation Agriculture, consider the following statements:
1.Plantation agriculture is characterised by large estates, single-crop specialisation, and reliance on cheap labour.
2.The British introduced rubber plantations in West Africa and coffee plantations in Sri Lanka.
3.Plantation crops like tea, rubber, and sugarcane were historically cultivated in tropical colonies for export purposes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Quarterly-SFG-Jan-to-March
Red Book

[A] 1 and 2 only

[B] 1 and 3 only

[C] 2 and 3 only

[D] 1, 2 and 3

Answer: B
Notes:

Explanation:

  • Plantation agriculture involves large estates, single-crop cultivation, capital investment, cheap labour, and efficient transportation to link with markets and factories.
  • The British established tea plantations in India and Sri Lanka and rubber plantations in Malaysia, not West Africa. Coffee was not introduced by the British in Sri Lanka (French introduced cocoa and coffee in West Africa).
  • Plantation crops such as tea, rubber, sugarcane, etc., were historically grown in tropical colonies by European powers primarily for export and commercial gain.

Source: 12th NCERT: Fundamentals of Human Geography

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