Rajasthan Atomic Power Project Unit-7 Reaches Criticality

Source – This post on Rajasthan Atomic Power Project Unit-7 Reaches Criticality is based on the article “Milestone Achieved Rajasthan Atomic Power Project- Unit-7 Reaches Criticality” published in PIB on 30th September 2024.

Why in News?

Recently, Unit-7 of the Rajasthan Atomic Power Project-7 & 8 (RAPP-7&8, 700 MW each) reached criticality, marking the start of a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction.

What is reaching Criticality?

Definition: Criticality in a nuclear reactor signifies the point at which a sustained and controlled nuclear fission chain reaction begins.

This means that each fission event produces enough neutrons to cause further fissions, maintaining a constant rate of fission and energy release. Its the first step in nuclear energy generation.

Significance: Reaching criticality is crucial for transitioning the reactor from the construction phase to the operational phase. This also marks the beginning of energy production as the reactor generates heat for electricity.

About RAPP-7

1. About: RAPP-7 is a 700 MWe Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR). It is a key part of India’s indigenous nuclear reactor development program.

2. Importance: It is the third unit in a series of sixteen Indian-designed reactors, demonstrating India’s nuclear expertise. It follows the successful operation of similar units (Kakrapar Atomic Power Station-3 & 4) in Gujarat.

3. RAPP-7 & 8 will join six operational units at Rawatbhata which is currently contributing 1180 MW to the national grid.

4. Operational Timeline: RAPP-7 is expected to start power generation by the end of 2024, with RAPP-8 to follow in 2025.

5. Benefits:

a) Carbon Footprint Reduction: The successful operation of RAPP-7 will help reduce reliance on coal and other fossil fuels, contributing to India’s climate commitments.

b) Significance for Sustainable Growth: This achievement reflects India’s commitment to sustainable energy, enhancing its domestic power generation capabilities while lowering carbon emissions.

c) Increased Capacity: The RAPP-7 & 8 project will add a total capacity of 1400 MW to India’s grid, supporting energy needs while aligning with carbon reduction goals.

UPSC Syllabus: Science and technology