Rapid Growth of Aquaculture in India

Source: The post rapid growth of aquaculture in India has been created, based on the article “The success story of fish farming” published in “Business standard” on 27th May 2024.

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3-Economy

Context: The article discusses the rapid growth of aquaculture in India, highlighting the significant increase in fish farming production and the expansion into new regions. It also mentions government initiatives aimed at enhancing productivity and exports, as well as the integration of modern technologies and mixed farming practices to boost efficiency and profitability in the sector. Rapid Growth of Aquaculture in India

For detailed information on Aquaculture Bill read this article here

What is the status of Aquaculture in India?

Aquaculture in India has seen a dramatic 80% increase in production over the last decade.

Now, India is a leading producer of farmed fish, nearly matching China’s output, with over 13.1 million tonnes produced in 2022-23.

Shrimp farming, especially, has boomed, with many new farms in states like Odisha and Andhra Pradesh focusing on export markets.

For detailed information on Shrimp farming in India read this article here

How has aquaculture growth been supported by the government?

Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMM-SY): Launched in 2020, the scheme aims to boost the productivity of aquaculture farms from around 3 tonnes per hectare to over 5 tonnes. It also envisages doubling the export of aquaculture products. The program aims to generate 5.5 million additional jobs and facilitate the formation of over 2,000 fish farmers’ producer organizations.

Agencies involved to enhance the efficiency and profitability: Agencies like the Small Farmers’ Agri-business Consortium (SFAC), National Agriculture Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (Nafed), National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC), and National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) are involved.

What innovations are being adopted in fish farming?

Composite Fish Culture: Introduced in the late 1960s and early 1970s, it involves stocking multiple fish species in the same water body. Popular species include Rohu, Catla, and Mrigal, along with Silver Carp and Grass Carp.

Vertical Fish Culture: This method allows higher stocking densities and multiple harvesting. It maximizes production and profitability.

IoT-Based Monitoring: Progressive entrepreneurs use Internet of Things (IoT) devices to monitor water quality, especially aeration and feed availability. This can ramp up productivity to 7-10 tonnes per hectare.

Integrated Farming Practices: Farmers integrate fisheries with crop farming, dairy, poultry, piggery, and duck rearing. Paddy-cum-fish culture, where fish are stocked in paddy fields, is also gaining popularity.

Shrimp Aquaculture Expansion: Saline lands with brackish groundwater are utilized for shrimp farming, with Haryana already bringing nearly 500 hectares under shrimp farming.

Question for practice:

Examine how government initiatives, technological advancements, and innovative farming practices have contributed to the rapid growth of aquaculture in India.