{"id":51559,"date":"2019-08-24T17:47:54","date_gmt":"2019-08-24T12:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?page_id=51559"},"modified":"2019-08-24T17:48:02","modified_gmt":"2019-08-24T12:18:02","slug":"answered-no-first-use-policy-of-india-is-based-upon-the-idea-of-minimum-deterrence-and-non-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons-in-light-of-this-discuss-the-need-of-revisit-to-india","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answered-no-first-use-policy-of-india-is-based-upon-the-idea-of-minimum-deterrence-and-non-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons-in-light-of-this-discuss-the-need-of-revisit-to-india\/","title":{"rendered":"[Answered] \u201cNo first use policy of India is based upon the idea of minimum deterrence and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.\u201d In light of this discuss the need of revisit to India\u2019s No first use policy."},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Demand of the question<\/strong>
Introduction.<\/strong> Contextual Introduction.
Body. <\/strong>India\u2019s nuclear doctrine. Why India should and shouldn\u2019t retain NFU? Conclusion. <\/strong>Way forward. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

For India, Nuclear weapons are political weapons and not weapons of war and their sole purpose is to deter the use of nuclear weapons by India\u2019s adversaries. India has nit only established itself as a responsible nuclear state, but guided the world about how to be a responsible nuclear state through No first use policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Features\nof India\u2019s nuclear doctrine:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Building and\nmaintaining a credible minimum deterrent.<\/li>
  2. A \u201cNo First Use\u201d\npolicy i.e. nuclear weapons to be used only in case of any nuclear attack on\nIndian territory or on Indian forces anywhere.<\/li>
  3. Non use of nuclear\nweapons against non-nuclear weapon states.<\/li>
  4. Nuclear retaliatory\nattacks to be authorised only by civilian political leadership through the\nNuclear Command Authority.<\/li>
  5. Nuclear retaliation\nto a first strike will be massive and designed to inflict unacceptable damage.<\/li>
  6. India may retaliate\nwith nuclear weapons to retaliate against attack  with biological or chemical weapons.<\/li>
  7. Strict controls on\nexport of nuclear and missile related materials and technologies.<\/li>
  8. A commitment to\ngoal of nuclear weapon free world.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Need\nto revisit NFU policy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. When China was\nconventionally stronger, India felt somewhat protected due to difficult terrain\non the Himalayan border. Now, China\u2019s impressive infrastructure and massive\nmilitary modernisation have effectively eroded the Himalayan buffer. This is\nputting immense pressure on India\u2019s NFU policy.<\/li>
    2. India\u2019s\nconventional advantage has been impacted by Pakistan through a clever use of\nterrorists and threat of using tactical nuclear weapons against any Indian\nconventional response to a 26\/11 type of an attack. India\u2019s nuclear doctrine,\nthat professes massive retaliation even against use of small nuclear weapon,\ndoes not help.<\/li>
    3. Pakistan is rapidly\nincreasing its arsenal size and improving the survivability of its nuclear\nweapons.<\/li>
    4. NFU is not good for\nwar like situation, because it requires India to first absorb a nuclear attack\nbefore responding. It may result in unacceptably high initial casualties and\ndamage to Indian population, cities, and infrastructure.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Why\nIndia should retain NFU policy?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      1. NFU policy help in deterring\nnuclear wars.<\/li>
      2. It helped to create\nIndia an image of responsible state.<\/li>
      3. If a nuclear\nweapons state is powerful and is at advantage with respect to its enemies in\nnon-nuclear capabilities, it does not need to threaten first use of its nuclear\nbombs. India is a stronger conventional power as compared to Pakistan.<\/li>
      4. India today has\naccess to much better technology than it had in 2003 when it released its\nnuclear doctrine. New Delhi now has more missiles which are more accurate. It\nhas high quality surveillance platforms.<\/li>
      5. If India shifts to\nfirst use policy, then it will lead to competition and adversaries may seek to\ndevelop and deploy more sizeable and quickly useable nuclear forces\/weapons.\nThis will lead to nuclear arms race, as happened at the time of Cold War.<\/li>
      6. India\u2019s missiles\nhave enabled it to move towards canister systems for storing its land-based\nballistic missiles. Such systems can reduce turnaround time. Canister has\nfurther enabled India\u2019s nuclear deterrent to move to the seas.<\/li>
      7. With INS Arihant, a\nnuclear propelled ballistic missile submarine. India has a credible sea-based\ndeterrent. With a couple of more SSBNs, it can boast of a genuine nuclear\ntriad. Sea-based deterrence thus increase the strain on NFU policy.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        India should maintain its NFU (no-first-use) doctrine, as it has helped India in gaining many benefits at international level. It was due to India’s nuclear prudence, that Japan has recently signed nuclear deal. India plans for first use policy, then preparation and expenditure would be required for complex command and control and sophisticated intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance systems, which targets to hit first, etc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Demand of the question Introduction. Contextual Introduction. Body. India\u2019s nuclear doctrine. Why India should and shouldn\u2019t retain NFU? Conclusion. Way forward. For India, Nuclear weapons are political weapons and not weapons of war and their sole purpose is to deter the use of nuclear weapons by India\u2019s adversaries. India has nit only established itself as… Continue reading [Answered] \u201cNo first use policy of India is based upon the idea of minimum deterrence and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.\u201d In light of this discuss the need of revisit to India\u2019s No first use policy.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":49132,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-51559","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","entry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/51559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51559"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/51559\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}