{"id":53862,"date":"2019-11-08T17:44:51","date_gmt":"2019-11-08T12:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?page_id=53862"},"modified":"2019-11-08T17:44:57","modified_gmt":"2019-11-08T12:14:57","slug":"answered-india-has-achieved-remarkable-successes-in-unmanned-space-missions-including-the-chandrayaan-and-mars-orbiter-mission-but-has-not-ventured-into-manned-space-mission-both-in-terms-of-techn","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answered-india-has-achieved-remarkable-successes-in-unmanned-space-missions-including-the-chandrayaan-and-mars-orbiter-mission-but-has-not-ventured-into-manned-space-mission-both-in-terms-of-techn\/","title":{"rendered":"[Answered] India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbiter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission, both in terms of technology and logistics. Explain critically."},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Demand of the question<\/strong>
Introduction. <\/strong>Contextual Introduction.
Body. <\/strong>Mention progress wrt manned mission in India. Also, discuss technological and logistical issues wrt manned mission for India.
Conclusion. <\/strong>Way forward. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

India has been able to carry out unmanned spaced mission but lacks the full fledged capabilities in manned space missions. With its indigenous technology India successfully launched Chandrayaan \u2013 I mission which revealed existence of water on the surface of the moon. Similarly, MOM (Mars Orbiter Mission) was successfully launched in its first attempt with low cost. These two are unmanned missions but India could not launch even a single manned mission. Recent failure of Vikram lander to make soft landing on moon reflects India\u2019s inability to still land on moon and also a manned space mission. Although some developments have taken place in terms of technology and logistics, India is still facing some hurdles in launching manned space missions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Progress made wrt manned mission:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. ISRO\nsaid carried out a major technology demonstration, the first in a series of\ntests to qualify a crew escape system, a critical technology relevant for human\nspaceflight.<\/li>
  2. In 2014,\nexperimental flight of GSLV Mk-III was successfully tested. It also had\nsuccessfully tested experimental crew module, demonstrating reentry capability.\n<\/li>
  3. In 2017,\nfirst developmental flight of GSLV Mk-III was successfully conducted. In 2018,\nfirst successful flight of crew escape system was tested.<\/li>
  4. ISRO has\ndeveloped some critical technologies like re-entry mission capability, crew\nescape system, crew module configuration which was successfully launched with\ndummy payloads and  brought it back to\nthe Arabian sea etc, thermal protection system, deceleration and floatation\nsystem, sub-systems of life support system etc. required for this programme.<\/li>
  5. Some of\nthese technologies have been demonstrated successfully through the Space\nCapsule Recovery Experiment (SRE-2007), Crew module Atmospheric Reentry\nExperiment (CARE-2014) and Pad Abort Test (2018). These technologies will\nenable ISRO in accomplishing the programme objectives in a short span of 4\nyears.<\/li>
  6. Environment\nControl and Life Support Systems are meant to make the crew capsule liveable\nand the flight safe for the astronauts.  <\/li>
  7. The Crew\nEscape System is an emergency escape measure designed  to quickly pull the crew module along with\nthe astronauts to a safe distance from the launch vehicle in the event of a\nlaunch abort. Mention experiment for emergency escape of astronauts called the\nPad Abort Test which will be repeated at higher distances etc.<\/li>
  8. India\nhas a new dedicated control centre for HSP would be set up at ISTRAC etc.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Technological\nissues and challenges:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. ISRO is\nstill long way away, despite advancements in some critical technologies in past\ndecade. It is stilling building its capabilities and developing critical\ntechnologies required to send astronaut being into space.<\/li>
    2. The\nrequired key technologies ISRO still has to develop for such mission. It\nincludes ability to launch, recover and ensure earth-like conditions for\nastronauts. ISRO so far has successfully tested many of the technologies\nrequired for such a manned mission, but there are still others to be developed\nand tested.<\/li>
    3. ISRO is\nplanning to launch manned space programme by 2021-24. Towards this end, it has\nunveiled a prototype of its first crew capsule (4 metre high module) designed\nto carry two people into low earth orbit.<\/li>
    4. The third\nstage of cryogenic technology in GSLV is still not fully developed. GSLV Mark 3\nwill also be upgraded and tested to carry payloads upto 8 tonnes.<\/li>
    5. India is\nalso working on Space Capsule Recovery Experiment-2 (SRE-2) that will\ndemonstrate critical technologies required for recoverable launch vehicles.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Logistics\nissues:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      1. India is\ndepended mainly on single type of launch vehicle such as that of PSLV which\nhampers the capacity expansion of the programme.<\/li>
      2. Since\ntime is short, the ISRO won\u2019t be able to establish an astronaut training\nfacility for the current mission and instead will have to train its astronauts\nin a foreign centre.<\/li>
      3. India\ndoes not have its own global navigation system.<\/li>
      4. India\ngot membership in MTCR (missile technology control regime) recently, without\nwhich other members of group don’t share their technology pertaining to space\nscience and space missions. That was one of the reason why India is unable to\nget any sort of aid in upgrading their technology. <\/li>
      5. Indian\nresearch laboratories, space related labs, industries are not in a position to\nmanufacture the sophisticated equipment. Our industry is now starting\nmanufacturing the pace vehicles so India is facing the problem of both\ntechnology and logistics for manned space missions. <\/li>
      6. Funding\nand finance is essential to develop various equipments, technology  and new tools required in the coordination of\na manned space programme. But ISRO is still waiting for the government approval\nand funding for a human space flight programme.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Some scientists hold the view that private players have much more flexibility, freedom and risk taking abilities than the state owned agencies. Thus there should be more participation of private players in space programmes. India must realize that China launched its manned space mission to space in 2016 and will establish its permanent space station by 2022. Therefore India should also increase its footprints in manned space mission capabilities at the earliest.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Demand of the question Introduction. Contextual Introduction. Body. Mention progress wrt manned mission in India. Also, discuss technological and logistical issues wrt manned mission for India. Conclusion. Way forward. India has been able to carry out unmanned spaced mission but lacks the full fledged capabilities in manned space missions. With its indigenous technology India successfully… Continue reading [Answered] India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbiter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission, both in terms of technology and logistics. Explain critically.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":49132,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-53862","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","entry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/53862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53862"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/53862\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}