{"id":101360,"date":"2021-04-13T21:00:10","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T15:30:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=101360"},"modified":"2021-04-14T11:53:40","modified_gmt":"2021-04-14T06:23:40","slug":"9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-april-13-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-april-13-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 April 13, 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader<\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/backchannel-diplomacy-between-india-and-pakistan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Backchannel Diplomacy Between India and Pakistan<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GQT8FK7K8.1&amp;imageview=0\">The Hindu<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Gs2:<\/strong> India and its Neighborhood- Relations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Synopsis:<\/strong> The recent developments in India \u2013 Pakistan relation suggest that there is an ongoing backchannel diplomacy since 2020.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Developments in India- Pakistan Relations indicating backchannel diplomacy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Important developments took place between India and Pakistan. It suggests the functioning of an ongoing backchannel talk.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>First, <\/strong>India-Pakistan agreement to follow Ceasefire reached by India-Pakistan border commanders at LoC. It indicates coordination at a diplomatic level and high-level political approval.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Second<\/strong>, the events including the scheduling of the much-delayed <strong>Indus Water Treaty talks. <\/strong>Further<strong>,<\/strong> the granting of sports visas strengthened rumors of a backchannel process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Third<\/strong>, most recently, contrary to the usual stand, there were no references to Pakistan in electoral speeches by the ruling party. Further, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA)\u2019s silence on U-turn by Pakistan on trade are the other clues.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>What is the need for back-channel process in India-Pakistan Relations?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Engagement between India and Pakistan is inevitable due to the following reasons:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>One, for Pakistan, the weakening economic condition and the increasing pressure from the Financial Action Task Force to shut down all terrorist safe-havens.<\/li>\n<li>Two, for India, a stand-off with the Chinese Army at the Line of Actual Control in Ladakh and the possibility of a two-front war situation.<\/li>\n<li>Three, apart from this, the geopolitical issue of engaging with Afghanistan will be one of the major reasons for the engagement.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>What are the past examples when India engaged with Pakistan through backchannel diplomacy?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>One,<\/strong> a channel for peace talks began in 1988 during the <strong>Rajiv Gandhi<\/strong> period, supported by Jordanian Crown Prince Hassan. However, the death of Pakistan&#8217;s general ended the process without any solution.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Two, <\/strong>during the Kargil War, PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee employed a back-channel interlocutor to finalize a ceasefire agreement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Three,<\/strong> more recently, in 2016, six former Pakistani High Commissioners traveled to Delhi for a Track-II consultation with nine former Indian High Commissioners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/ambiguities-over-the-status-of-rohingyas-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ambiguities Over the Status of Rohingyas in India<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/on-refugees-and-illegal-immigrants-how-indias-stance-changes-with-circumstances-7270883\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Indian Express\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Syllabus<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: GS 1 &#8211; Population and associated Issues<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Synopsis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has shown an ambiguous stance over the status of Rohingyas. This has created some complexities, thus it desires alteration as per international law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Background<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is assumed that the Supreme Court(SC) has implicitly accepted the center&#8217;s view that Rohingya in India are illegal immigrants.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The belief is based on the court&#8217;s refusal to release 300 Rohingyas from detention camps in Jammu and Delhi. The<\/span><b> court called for their deportation under the Foreigners Act, 1946<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, different countries\/organizations have different stances over them.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Stand of different Stakeholders over Status of Rohingyas:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The UN treats Rohingya as refugees. As per the organization, the Myanmar military crackdown in Rakhine state in 2017 created the world\u2019s biggest refugee crisis.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 1951 UN convention on the status of refugees and 1967 protocol defines refugees as:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Persons who fled their homes and countries due to a well-founded fear of persecution. The persecution can be because of his\/her race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bangladesh gave refuge to Rohingyas in the Cox Bazaar region on humanitarian grounds. It converted the region into the biggest refugee camp in the world.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Myanmar believes that Rohingyas are illegal immigrants that entered their country from Bangladesh.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Ambiguous Stance of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Indian PM has assured Bangladeshi PM that both countries will ensure the return of Rohingya refugees to Myanmar sustainably. There are about a million refugees in Myanmar and 40000 in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, India allowed the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to carry out verification and provide some of them with identity cards. Approximately 14000\u00a0 issued refugee identity cards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the solicitor general has imposed allegations of terrorism and communalism on them and demanded their deportation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>How has India been able to maintain this ambiguity?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The country is non-signatory to the 1951 UN Convention or the 1967 Protocol.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, it doesn\u2019t have a dedicated refugee law or policy that determines who should be given the refugee status.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some people say the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 comes closest to a refugee policy. Although it discriminates between refugees on the basis of religion in offering them Indian citizenship.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It allows the government to declare any person as an illegal migrant. Despite this, the country has nearly 3 lakh refugees.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Issues with Deportation of Rohingyas:<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Influx of Pro-Democracy Protestors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> They have entered India through Manipur and Mizoram since the Feb 2021 military coup in Myanmar. If refugee status is given to them, then it would be very difficult to deport Rohingyas as both face a threat of persecution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Cooperation from Myanmar:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Myanmar is reluctant to admit Rohingyas under its territory. Further India has been able to send back only a few refugees in the last 4 years.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Principle of non-refoulement: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The desire to send back Rohingyas goes against this principle. India is bound to follow it as it is a signatory to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The principle states that no refugee shall be returned in any manner to any country where he or she would be at risk of persecution.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Differential Treatment: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India offers Voluntary repatriation to Sri Lankan Tamil refugees after the end of the civil war in 2009. Further, they can seek jobs and send their children to schools.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, the need is to engage with agencies like UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) and country of origin (Myanmar). This will result in the creation of an enabling environment for voluntary repatriation in consonance with international law.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/freedom-of-navigation-operation-fonop-in-indian-waters\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Freedom of navigation operation (FONOP) in Indian waters<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GJB8FNP5F.1&amp;imageview=0\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Gs2: Important International Institutions, agencies and fora &#8211; their Structure, Mandate.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Synopsis: <\/strong>The U.S. Navy\u2019s FONOP in India\u2019s EEZ highlights the difference in the Indian and American perception on international maritime law (UNCLOS).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Background<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Recently, the USS John Paul Jones carried out freedom<strong> of navigation operations<\/strong> (FONOP) in the west of the Lakshadweep Islands. It lies in India\u2019s exclusive economic zone.<\/li>\n<li>It was done without requesting India\u2019s prior consent.<\/li>\n<li>Some of India\u2019s strategic community members described this as an unnecessary provocation by the U.S. Navy.<\/li>\n<li>Whereas the US defended its operation by stating that it is consistent with international law <strong>(UNCLOS).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What are the ambiguities in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Different interpretations of the UNCLOS gave rise to the problem. For example,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>According to the U.S Navy, India\u2019s requirement of prior consent for the passage of foreign warships through Indian EEZs is a violation of UNCLOS.<\/li>\n<li>Articles 56 and 58, Part V of the Law of the Sea, entitles U.S. warships to high-seas freedoms in the 200-nautical mile EEZs of another coastal state.<\/li>\n<li>Whereas, according to India\u2019s Interpretation, the UNCLOS does not explicitly permit the passage of military vessels in another state\u2019s EEZ. Military exercises in the EEZ require the consent of the coastal State.<\/li>\n<li>This position of India is also consistent with India\u2019s domestic law (I) the Territorial Waters, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone, (II)Other Maritime Zones of India Act of 1976.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How India responded?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>India refrained from stating its differences with the US interpretation of UNCLOS because of the following reasons,<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>One, India understands that FONOPs give the U.S. Navy leverage in the contest with China in the South China Sea.<\/li>\n<li>Two, FONOPs in Indian EEZs have been relatively low compared to other countries. <strong>For example<\/strong>, since 2016, the U.S. Navy has carried out only three FONOPs through Indian EEZs. Whereas, U.S. warships have conducted eight FONOPs in 2019, and nine in 2020 in Chinese islands.<\/li>\n<li>Three, apart from conducting FONOPs in Indian EEZ the US navy also conducted FONOPs in the territorial seas of the Maldives. It is done mainly to inform China that the U.S. Navy is committed to upholding the rules-based order in the waters of opponents and partners.<\/li>\n<li>Four, the choice of Lakshadweep rather than Andaman Nicobar Islands to conduct FONOPs indicates that US doesn\u2019t want to make a rift in India-U. S relation. Because maritime boundaries around the Lakshadweep are more settled than the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>What are the lessons for India?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>First, FONOPs normalizes military activism close to India\u2019s island territories. It makes Indian waters vulnerable to incursions by foreign warships. It encourages other regional navies to violate India\u2019s domestic regulations in the waters surrounding the Andaman and Nicobar Island.<\/li>\n<li>Second, India should also rethink its stand on freedom of navigation in the EEZs.Because, India\u2019s domestic regulation is not in concurrence with international law (UNCLOS). For example, India\u2019s declaration of straight baselines delineating zones around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a violation of UNCLOS law.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/need-of-peace-between-india-and-pakistan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Need of Peace Between India and Pakistan<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GJB8FNP59.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">click here<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Syllabus: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GS 2<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Synopsis: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peace Between India and Pakistan is essential for the transformation of South Asia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Director Generals of Military Operations of India and Pakistan agreed to strictly observe ceasefire agreements between the two countries. This matched with the Pakistani PM&#8217;s statement that Pakistan\u2019s only issue is Kashmir, and it can only be fixed through dialogue.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This statement was strongly supported by General Qamar Bajwa, Pakistan\u2019s Army Chief. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a growing realization that both the countries cannot take parts of Kashmir that the other country controls.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, the focus should be on resolving issues that scar the whole subcontinent instead. These issues include poverty, malnutrition and an unacceptable disregard of the young.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>How will peace with Pakistan help in transforming South Asia?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The India-Pakistan hostility hurts regionalism and South Asian growth. Peace between India and Pakistan will be beneficial for all the nations constituting the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Firstly,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> many reports proved that a good economic <\/span><b>value can be derived from South Asian economic integration. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The World Bank publication titled \u2018A Glass Half Full\u2019 is one of those reports.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Secondly, SAARC has remained a victim of India-Pakistan enmity.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Even though it has formed partial alliances among its members.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>How can India make a difference to the SAARC?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Professor Selim Raihan of the University of Dhaka highlighted India\u2019s vast \u2018size imbalance\u2019 in South Asia.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Firstly,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Professor Selim Raihan shared that <\/span><b>India\u2019s total land area is 62%,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the population is 75%, and the GDP of South Asia in 2016 was 83%.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pakistan and Bangladesh have a share of only 7.6% and 5.6%, respectively in regional GDP.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Secondly, this indicates that only India can take the lead<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in changing a grossly under-performing region like South Asia. South Asia has a GDP (PPP) of $12 trillion with a population of a tad over 1.9 billion.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the other hand, the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) has a GDP (PPP) of around $9 trillion. Member states like Vietnam are growing enormously.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Way forward<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Firstly, India needs to think big and act big<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by determinedly aiming to plan a South Asian economic miracle. China did the same and even rose in 1972.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Secondly, India needs to view peace with Pakistan as essential<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and urgent and not just a bilateral matter. It is a chance of a lifetime to drastically makeover South Asia for the better.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/talks-on-iran-nuclear-deal-resumes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Talks on Iran Nuclear Deal Resumes<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Source &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GJB8FNP5T.1&amp;imageview=0\">The Hindu<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Syllabus &#8211; \u00a0GS 2 &#8211; <\/strong>Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing\u00a0 countries on India\u2019s interests.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Synopsis &#8211; The Joint Commission of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) [Iran nuclear deal]<\/strong> resumed talks. The lifting of sanctions on Iran and nuclear implementation measures are on top of the agenda.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Background-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 2018, former US President Donald Trump unilaterally withdrew from the nuclear deal. Further, it imposed sanctions on Iran and jeopardized the 2015 agreement to limit Iran&#8217;s uranium enrichment.<\/li>\n<li>In response, Iran increased uranium enrichment and stockpile and expanded its research and development.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Therefore, for the revival of the 2015 agreement,<\/strong> diplomats from Russia, China, France, Britain, Germany, and Iran have been meeting in Vienna.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The aim is to reach an agreement on a road map for lifting US sanctions and recommitting Tehran to its agreements under the accord.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Changing approach of US toward IRAN-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The US President appointed a special envoy to Iran.<\/li>\n<li>It ended US support for Saudi Arabia&#8217;s war in Yemen against the Houthis [Iran-backed militants].<\/li>\n<li>Biden Administration also offered Iran to release $1 billion of Iranian money frozen in South Korea according to sanctions. In exchange, Iran was asked for ending its 20% uranium enrichment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">However, Iran has rejected the offer, seeking more concrete measures from the U.S.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Is there a deadline for this deal to be done?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Presidential election in IRAN<\/strong> &#8211; Iran will go to the polls in June to elect a new president. The current president Hassan Rouhani, seen as a moderate in Tehran, will not be able to stand again for the presidential race.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Challenges \u2013 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rising security tension in the region could jeopardize the diplomatic efforts to revive the JCPOA.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Shia militias supported by Iran continue to attack US forces and bases in Iraq.<\/li>\n<li>The Israel-Iran shadow conflict is now being fought inside Syria and on the seas.\u00a0In the Red Sea, an Iranian ship was attacked.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Way forward-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The best chance for the US is to revive the JCPOA, and that too, before the presidential election.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Both Iran and the United States must work to re-establish lost faith and take measures to revive the nuclear deal. It would end the nuclear crisis in exchange for the lifting of sanctions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"GhR7VcAOPj\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-13-apr-2021\/\">Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | 13 Apr, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | 13 Apr, 2021&#8221; &#8212; Free UPSC IAS Preparation For Aspirants\" src=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-13-apr-2021\/embed\/#?secret=FVNEFfJ1Wy#?secret=GhR7VcAOPj\" data-secret=\"GhR7VcAOPj\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today Backchannel Diplomacy Between India and Pakistan Source: The Hindu Gs2: India and its Neighborhood- Relations. Synopsis: The recent developments in India \u2013 Pakistan relation suggest that there is an ongoing backchannel diplomacy since 2020. Developments in India- Pakistan Relations indicating backchannel&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-april-13-2021\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 April 13, 2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":80068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"9pm-brief-template.php","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/9-PM-Brief-1-e1615452440806.png?fit=600%2C335&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101360"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101360\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}