{"id":103525,"date":"2021-04-27T10:24:53","date_gmt":"2021-04-27T04:54:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=103525"},"modified":"2021-04-27T22:08:01","modified_gmt":"2021-04-27T16:38:01","slug":"a-crisis-of-reverse-migration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/a-crisis-of-reverse-migration\/","title":{"rendered":"A Crisis of Reverse Migration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Synopsis- <\/strong>As the Covid-19 curb expands, a <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/internal-migrants-and-covid-19-pandemic\/\">crisis of reverse migration<\/a> of labors from manufacturing centers to native places has appeared once again.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Introduction-<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The second wave of COVID-19 brings a threat of national-wide lockdown. It triggered a mass migration of low-wage migrant workers from industrial centers and cities to their native places just like a year ago.<\/li>\n<li>As per study, only 5 &#8211; 7.7 percent of migrants reported being engaged in MGNREGA.<\/li>\n<li>The Centre and the state governments have failed to learn from the previous lockdown.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The misery of migrant workers is that existing government programmes cannot provide gainful employment opportunities to the migrants at their native places.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Impact of Pandemic on migrant worker-<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">ICRIER, in collaboration with the Inferential Survey Statistics and Research Foundation (ISS&amp;RF) conducted a three phase survey on migrant workers. It aimed to assess the varying degrees of vulnerabilities among the migrants prior to, during, and after the first lockdown.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>As per survey, after reverse migration there were no employment opportunity for these migrants in their native places. Thus, their <strong>household incomes fell by 86%.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The following data shows the employment status of migrant workers at native places after reverse migration- <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>35.4 percent had no employment<\/li>\n<li>involvement in agriculture as self-employed (SE) labour was 35.8 percent.<\/li>\n<li>9.7 percent worked as agriculture labour.<\/li>\n<li>4.6 percent in MNREGA and other public works.<\/li>\n<li>12.2 percent as casuals in other non-agriculture work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>How can the government help migrant workers?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Firstly, Priority should be given to the portability of entitlements and social safety nets.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Expansion of<strong> one-nation, one-ration-card scheme<\/strong> to make subsidized grains available at places of work in cities and industrial centres.<\/li>\n<li>Provide free ration to migrant workers from the government overflowing godowns.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Financial help<\/strong> under the Garib Kalyan Yojana must extend to migrants to help them remain in their cities of their work.<\/li>\n<li>Migrant workers should put under group medical insurance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Secondly<\/strong>, <strong>existing government programmes should be strengthened-<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The scope of employment under<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/mahatma-gandhi-national-rural-employment-guarantee-act-mgnrega-scheme\/\"> MGNREGA<\/a> should be expanded to include a wide range of skilled and unskilled migrants.<\/li>\n<li>The government should engage returning migrants in the creation of new agri-value chains. It can generate sustainable jobs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Thirdly, Comprehensive database on migrants<\/strong> &#8211; The government should digitize all data on migrant workers in order to develop an action plan in the event that another mass migration occurs.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Source- <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/second-wave-covid-19-lockdown-migrant-workers-mgnrega-informal-sector-7288881\/\">The Indian Express<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Synopsis- As the Covid-19 curb expands, a crisis of reverse migration of labors from manufacturing centers to native places has appeared once again. Introduction- The second wave of COVID-19 brings a threat of national-wide lockdown. It triggered a mass migration of low-wage migrant workers from industrial centers and cities to their native places just like&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/a-crisis-of-reverse-migration\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">A Crisis of Reverse Migration<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10319,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,1351,9],"tags":[1297],"class_list":["post-103525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-daily-news","category-public","tag-soty_3","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":36,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1701553089},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10319"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103525"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103525\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}