{"id":105011,"date":"2021-05-05T10:55:33","date_gmt":"2021-05-05T05:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=105011"},"modified":"2021-05-05T12:19:13","modified_gmt":"2021-05-05T06:49:13","slug":"one-health-approach-significance-and-steps-taken-by-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/one-health-approach-significance-and-steps-taken-by-india\/","title":{"rendered":"One Health Approach &#8211; Significance and Steps Taken by India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Synopsis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Covid-19 has once again shown the degree of chaos that can be spread by zoonotic diseases. This gives India an opportunity to work on the <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/one-health-approach-significance-and-steps-taken-by-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">One Health approach<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>Background<\/b><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1856, the father of modern pathology (Rudolf Virchow) observed that there are no dividing lines between animal and human medicine.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Covid-19 pandemic once again highlighted the interconnectedness of the systems.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The havoc caused by the pandemic induced the experts to sensitize countries towards the \u2018One Health\u2019 approach on the occasion of World Veterinary Day (April 24th).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b>What is the One Health Approach<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Firstly, it is a collaborative, multisectoral, coordinated, and transdisciplinary approach. It recognizes the interconnection between <strong>people, animals, and the environment<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondly, it calls for working at the <strong>local, regional, national, and global levels<\/strong> with the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Need for focusing on \u2018One Health<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>High Prevalence of Zoonotic Diseases:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> More than two-thirds of existing and emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic. Experts believe that there are more than 1.7 million viruses circulating in wildlife, and many of them are likely to be zoonotic.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is an infectious disease that jumps from animal to humans.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anthropozoonotic infections get transferred from humans to animals.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Transboundary impact<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The transboundary impact of viral outbreaks such as the Nipah virus, Ebola, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), etc. were alarming for the world. It has made it imperative for the world to focus on one health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Huge Economic Cost<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Zoonotic diseases place a heavy burden on the economy of countries.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For instance, the WHO estimates that rabies (also a zoonotic disease) costs the global economy approximately $6 billion annually.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>India and one health approach:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s \u2018One Health\u2019 vision derives its blueprint from the agreement between the tripartite-plus alliance<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">towards \u2018One World, One Health\u2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The alliance includes:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO),\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE),\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b>Steps taken by India towards \u2018One Health\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The country established a <strong>National Standing Committee on Zoonoses<\/strong> in the 1980s.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD) has launched several schemes to mitigate the prevalence of animal diseases since 2015.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For instance, under the<strong> National Animal Disease Control Program<\/strong>, 13,343 crore rupees have been sanctioned for Foot and Mouth disease and Brucellosis control.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DAHD has partnered with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in the National Action Plan for Eliminating Dog-Mediated Rabies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further DAHD will soon establish a \u2018One Health\u2019 unit within the Ministry.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <strong>Center for One Health<\/strong> will soon be established at Nagpur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Efforts are being made to revamp programs that focus on <strong>capacity building for veterinarians<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government is also upgrading the animal health diagnostic system such as Assistance to States for Control of Animal Diseases (ASCAD).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b>Challenges hindering the success of one health approach<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Veterinary manpower shortages make the early detection of zoonotic diseases difficult.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of information sharing between human and animal health institutions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inadequate coordination on food safety at slaughter, distribution, and retail facilities<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b>Way Forward<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The focus should be on <\/span><b>increasing investments and augmenting awareness generation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> towards the\u2019One Health\u2019 approach.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There must be the <\/span><b>integration of existing animal health and disease surveillance <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">systems.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For instance, the Information Network for Animal Productivity and Health, and the National Animal Disease Reporting System can be integrated.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government needs to <\/span><b>formulate best-practice guidelines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for informal market and slaughterhouse operations. This would improve inspections, disease prevalence assessments, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, it must create<\/span><b> mechanisms to operationalize <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018One Health\u2019 at every stage from top to grassroots level.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GQM8I2KKE.1&amp;imageview=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Synopsis:Covid-19 has once again shown the degree of chaos that can be spread by zoonotic diseases. This gives India an opportunity to work on the One Health approach. Background In 1856, the father of modern pathology (Rudolf Virchow) observed that there are no dividing lines between animal and human medicine. The Covid-19 pandemic once again&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/one-health-approach-significance-and-steps-taken-by-india\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">One Health Approach &#8211; Significance and Steps Taken by India<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,8043,9],"tags":[1289],"class_list":["post-105011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-current-affairs-cat","category-public","tag-soc_0","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":3,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1698358924},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105011"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105011\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}