{"id":106870,"date":"2021-05-14T15:54:51","date_gmt":"2021-05-14T10:24:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=106870"},"modified":"2021-05-14T22:11:41","modified_gmt":"2021-05-14T16:41:41","slug":"community-transmissionct-and-categorisation-of-diseases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/community-transmissionct-and-categorisation-of-diseases\/","title":{"rendered":"“Community Transmission”(CT) and “Categorisation of diseases”"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
What is the News?<\/strong><\/h5>\n

India is registering the highest number of cases globally every day. But the World Health Organization(WHO) Report mentions, India is yet to label itself in the category of community transmission(CT).<\/p>\n

Note<\/strong>: Currently, India has labelled itself in the category of \u2018cluster of cases\u2019 category.<\/p>\n

About Categorisation of diseases:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

In general, the World Health Organization (WHO) uses the following categories to describe transmission patterns: <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Sporadic cases, <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Clusters of cases<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Community transmission.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    What is the category of the Sporadic case?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n
      \n
    • These are a small number of<\/span><\/span>\u00a0cases (one or more) either imported or detected locally <\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      What is the Cluster of Cases category?<\/strong><\/h5>\n
        \n
      • Cluster transmission <\/strong>has been used by Indian authorities to identify infections that are largely concentrated in a limited locality. The disease concentration is often within a family and its extended circle.<\/li>\n
      • Under this, <\/strong>cases detected in the past 14 days are predominantly limited to well-defined clusters. Further, the disease detected will not directly be linked to imported cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        What is Community Transmission(CT)?<\/strong><\/h5>\n
          \n
        • It means that the epidemic has become so widespread in a community. Further, it gets difficult (if not impossible) to determine who is passing on the infection to whom. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • In simple terms, Community Transmission <\/strong>is classified when the source of the infection is not known.<\/li>\n
        • CT will happen when new cases in the last 14 days cannot be traced to those who have an international travel history or<\/span><\/span>\u00a0to any specific cluster.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Stages of Community Transmission:<\/strong> WHO guidelines suggest four subcategories within the broader definition of CT:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • CT1<\/strong>: Low incidence of locally acquired cases detected in the past 14 days<\/li>\n
          • CT2<\/strong>: Moderate incidence of locally acquired cases detected in the past 14 days<\/li>\n
          • CT3<\/strong>: High incidence of locally acquired cases in the past 14 days<\/li>\n
          • CT4<\/strong>: Very high incidence of locally acquired cases in the past 14 days.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            Countries classified under Community Transmission:<\/strong><\/h5>\n
              \n
            • Countries such as the United States, Brazil, United Kingdom, France have labelled themselves as being in \u2018community transmission\u2019.<\/li>\n
            • However, among the countries with the most number of confirmed cases, Italy and Russia do not label themselves as being in community transmission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              Government policy based on Categorisation:<\/strong><\/h5>\n
                \n
              • India\u2019s refusal <\/strong>to describe itself as being in community transmission had an effect on how the authorities addressed the pandemic.<\/li>\n
              • Under Cluster Transmission, <\/strong>the government gives priority to testing, contact tracing and isolating to prevent further infection.<\/li>\n
              • On the other hand, <\/strong>under community transmission, the government prioritises treatment and observing advisories to stay protected.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Source: <\/strong>The Hindu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

                \n

                 <\/p>\n

                WHO released “World Report on Hearing”<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n