{"id":10939,"date":"2017-10-24T12:20:25","date_gmt":"2017-10-24T06:50:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=10939"},"modified":"2017-10-23T12:22:09","modified_gmt":"2017-10-23T06:52:09","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-october-23","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-october-23\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 October 23"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Q.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1) In the light of the recent Doklam standoff, what measures should India adopt in border management to address future security issues? Examine. (GS-2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ans:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recent India-China stand-off over Doklam plateau, disputed between China and Bhutan, has ended peacefully. The issue which ended just before the BRICS summit in China has multiple ramifications: The following are the measures India should adopt in border management to address future security issues:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Differing perception on LAC: is the major reason for recurrent transgression and disputes. Thus, India needs to expeditiously need to resolve major border issues. Both countries should return to spirit of Border Defense Cooperation Agreement 2013, which provided specific guidelines on tackling future development on 3500 km boundary.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Boosting border infrastructure: such as road, rail connectivity. Use of state of the art technology for effective border surveillance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diplomacy should be prevail: considering adverse consequences of war for all parties. Maintaining good economic and political relations with neighboring countries to ensure resolution of disputes diplomatically.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expand Confidence building measures: more border personnel meeting, DGMO-level hotline, more visits and tactical-level exchanges.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An urgent need to restrengthen if not reconcile relationship with Nepal and strengthen with Bhutan as these areas are adjoining to the vulnerable areas of India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India and China cannot afford to waste resources, time and money in such stand-offs as they have multiple trade and infrastructural priorities. They should engage in more dialogues so that the air remains clear.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2)The government is increasingly relying on imposition of price controls on medicines and devices to check rising health-care costs. \u00a0In the context, discuss the reasons for rising health care costs. Highlight the key \u00a0objectives of New National Health Policy in this regard? (GS-3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ans:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government is increasingly relying on imposition of price controls on medicines and devices to check rising health-care costs.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last month, the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority capped the prices of 37 more medicines raising their number to 821.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has already capped the prices of coronary stents and orthopaedic implants.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Presently around 20% of medicines by volume are subject to price controls. More medicines and devices are likely to come under it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The policy also seeks to raise import duties on active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) to encourage the indigenous industry.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Reasons for rising health care costs:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profiteering by private hospitals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Low per capital availability of medical practitioners.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doctor\u2019s consultation fees, cost of operation procedures, diagnostic tests and hospital bed rentals are the factors responsible for rising health care costs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increasing supply of cheaper medical seats in government medical colleges will make doctors less vulnerable to unethical profiteering by private hospitals.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>New National Health Policy 2017:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government has approved the National Health Policy, 2017 (NHP, 2017). \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Policy seeks to reach everyone in a comprehensive integrated way to move towards wellness. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Key objectives of \u00a0New National Health Policy:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It aims at achieving universal health coverage and delivering quality health care services to all at affordable cost.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It focus on Preventive and Promotive Health Care and Universal access to good quality health care services <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This Policy looks at problems and solutions holistically with private sector as strategic partners.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It seeks to promote quality of care; focus is on emerging diseases and investment in promotive and preventive healthcare. The policy is patient centric and quality driven. It addresses health security and make in India for drugs and devices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main objective is to achieve the highest possible level of good health and well-being, through a preventive and promotive health care orientation in all developmental policies, and to achieve universal access to good quality health care services without anyone having to face financial hardship as a consequence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The policy advocates extensive deployment of digital tools for improving the efficiency and outcome of the healthcare system and proposes establishment of National Digital Health Authority (NDHA) to regulate, develop and deploy digital health across the continuum of care.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3) What is bottom trawling? What are the various issues of disagreement between India and Sri Lanka? \u00a0What is the way ahead? (GS-2)<\/span><br \/>\n<strong>Ans:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>What is bottom trawling?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bottom trawling is an ecologically destructive practice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The practice involves trawlers dragging weighted nets along the sea-floor, causing great depletion of aquatic resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bottom trawling captures juvenile fish, thus exhausting the ocean\u2019s resources and affecting marine conservation efforts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What are the disputes between India and Sri Lanka?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The maritime boundary agreements of 1974 and 1976 were concluded by the two governments did not reflect realities on the ground.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ongoing dispute has escalated tensions between those fishermen using traditional methods and those using mechanized methods leading to increase in the infringement of territorial boundaries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The issue of fishermen straying in each other\u2019s territorial waters has come as a potential irritant in the bilateral relations between the neighboring states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is no well-defined boundary line between the two nations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overuse of mechanized trawlers in the Palk Bay has further Fueled the dispute over Kachchatheevu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is the way ahead?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The solution lies in transition from trawling to deep-sea fishing in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making the use of trawling technique an offence by the Indian government is another solution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Permitting licensed Indian fishermen to fish within a designated area of Sri Lankan waters and vice versa.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is an evident need for institutionalization of fisherman in Indian waters by the government of India so that alternative means of livelihood are provided.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Government needs to mark up a comprehensive plan to reduce the necessity of Indian fishermen on catch from Palk Bay.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives\u00a0 Q.1) In the light of the recent Doklam standoff, what measures should India adopt in border management to address future security issues? Examine. (GS-2) Ans: The recent India-China stand-off over Doklam plateau, disputed between China and Bhutan, has ended peacefully. The issue which ended just before the BRICS summit in China has multiple ramifications:&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-october-23\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 October 23<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1702592431},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10939"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10939\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}