{"id":112020,"date":"2021-06-12T17:03:41","date_gmt":"2021-06-12T11:33:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=112020"},"modified":"2021-06-12T18:16:23","modified_gmt":"2021-06-12T12:46:23","slug":"factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-12-june-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-12-june-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | 12 June, 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-daily-current-affairs-for-upsc-prelims\/\">Read Previous Factly articles<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-daily-current-affairs-articles-for-prelims\/\">Article wise list of factly articles<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/global-liveability-index-2021-released-by-eiu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;Global Liveability Index&#8221; 2021 Released by EIU<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Economist Intelligence Unit(EIU) has released the Global Liveability Index 2021.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Global Liveability Index:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The index <\/strong>assesses the locations that provide the best and the worst living conditions around the world. It assesses 140 cities around the world.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Parameters: <\/strong>The index takes into account more than 30 qualitative and quantitative factors. These factors are spanning five broad categories: stability (25%), healthcare (20%), culture and environment (25%), education (10%), and infrastructure (20%).\n<ul>\n<li><strong>However, due to the pandemic, <\/strong>the EIU added new indicators to it. It includes stress on healthcare resources as well as restrictions around local sporting events, theatres, music concerts, restaurants, and schools.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scores: <\/strong>Each factor in a city is rated as acceptable, tolerable, uncomfortable, undesirable, or intolerable. Factor-wise scores are then compiled and weighted to provide a score of 1\u2013100 where 1 is considered intolerable and 100 is considered ideal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways from the index:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Top Five Liveable Cities: <\/strong>Auckland (New Zealand), Osaka (Japan), Adelaide (Australia), Wellington (New Zealand), and Tokyo (Japan).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Top Five Least Liveable Cities: <\/strong>Damascus (Syria), Lagos (Nigeria), Port Moresby (Papua New Guinea), Dhaka (Bangladesh), and Algiers (Algeria).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Other Takeaways from the index:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Covid-19 pandemic <\/strong>has reduced liveability level. Cities experience lockdowns and significant strains on their healthcare system.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Impact: <\/strong>This led to an unprecedented level of change in the rankings, with many of the cities that were previously ranked as the most liveable came down.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Austria&#8217;s Vienna <\/strong>was number one in both 2018 and 2019. However, it is out of the top 10 due to the effects of Covid-19 and now ranks 12.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Auckland <\/strong>topped the ranking due to its successful approach in containing the Covid-19 pandemic. It allowed its society to remain open and the city to score strongly on a number of metrics including education, culture, and environment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Damascus <\/strong>remains the world&#8217;s least liveable city as the effects of the civil war in Syria continues to take their toll.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/world-news\/auckland-tops-global-liveability-index-2021-dhaka-karachi-in-bottom-10-101623236112255.html\"><strong>Hindustan Times<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/sub-mission-on-agricultural-mechanization-smam\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM)<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Government of India released funds for various activities to empower Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization(SMAM).<\/p>\n<p>Various activities include the establishment of Custom Hiring Centres, Farm Machinery Bank and distribution of various agricultural machinery to different states.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note: Agriculture mechanization <\/strong>is the process of replacing human and animal labour with machines in the agriculture sector. The use of tractors, threshers, harvesters, pump sets is a part of farm mechanization.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization(SMAM):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization(SMAM) was launched in 2014-15 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Objectives of the Scheme:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>To increase <\/strong>the reach of farm mechanization to small and marginal farmers. Also, to increase the reach in regions where availability of farm power is low;<\/li>\n<li><strong>To promote <\/strong>\u2018Custom Hiring Centres\u2019 to offset the adverse economies of scale arising due to small landholding and high cost of individual ownership;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Also, to create <\/strong>hubs for hi-tech &amp; high-value farm equipment;<\/li>\n<li><strong>To create <\/strong>awareness among stakeholders through demonstration and capacity building activities;<\/li>\n<li><strong>To ensure <\/strong>performance testing and certification at designated testing centres located all over the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mission Strategy: <\/strong>To achieve the above objectives, the Mission will adopt the following strategies:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Conduct performance testing <\/strong>for various farm machinery and equipment at the four Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institutes (FMTTIs), designated State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) and ICAR institutions;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promote farm mechanization <\/strong>among stakeholders by way of on-field and off-field training and demonstrations.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Provide financial assistance <\/strong>to farmers for procurement of farm machinery and implements<\/li>\n<li><strong>Establish custom hiring centers <\/strong>of the location and crop-specific farm machinery and implements<\/li>\n<li><strong>Provide financial assistance <\/strong>to small and marginal farmers for hiring machinery and implements in low mechanized regions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1726205\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/all-india-survey-on-higher-educationaishe-2019-20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">All India Survey on Higher Education(AISHE) 2019-20<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ministry of Education has released the report of All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2019-20.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About AISHE Report 2019-20:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The AISHE Report <\/strong>provides key performance indicators on the current status of Higher education in the country.<\/li>\n<li><strong>First Report: <\/strong>The report was initiated in the year 2011. This is the 10th in the series of AISHE reports released annually by the Department of Higher Education.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Findings of the Report:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Highest Number of Colleges:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The top 8 States in terms of the highest number of colleges in India are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Total Student Enrollment:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>During the last five years<\/strong> from 2015-16 to 2019-20, there has been a growth of 11.4% in student enrolment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total enrollment in higher education <\/strong>has been estimated to be 38.5 million, with 19.6 million boys and 18.9 million females. Females constitute 49% of the total enrolment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Uttar Pradesh <\/strong>has the highest student enrolment in India. It has 49.1% male and 50.9% female students. It is followed by Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Gross Enrolment Ratio:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Gross Enrollment Ratio(GER) <\/strong>has increased by a minuscule 0.8% in 2019-20.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gross Enrolment Ratio(GER) <\/strong>is the percentage of students enrolled in Higher Education from the eligible age group population.<\/li>\n<li><strong>In India,<\/strong> GER for higher education is calculated for the age group of 18-23.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>GER<\/b> in higher education in 2019-20 was 27.1% against 26.3% in 2018-19 and 24.3% in 2014-2015.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Enrolment of Girls:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>There <\/strong>has been an overall increase of over 18% in female enrolment in higher education from 2015-16 to 2019-20.<\/li>\n<li><strong>However, <\/strong>the share of girl students is lowest in institutes of national importance. Also, female participation in professional courses is lower in comparison to academic courses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Gender Parity Index:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gender Parity Index(GPI) <\/strong>in Higher Education improved a bit. In 2019-20, it was 1.01 against 1.00 in 2018-19. This indicates an improvement in the relative access to higher education for females.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Teacher Pupil Ratio:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Total Number of Teachers stands at 15 lakh comprising 57.5% male and 42.5% female.<\/li>\n<li>The Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Higher Education in 2019-20 is 26.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Attractive Disciplines:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nearly 85% of the students (2.85 crores) were enrolled in the six major disciplines such as Humanities, Science, Commerce, Engineering &amp; Technology, Medical Science, and IT &amp; Computers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Foreign Students:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The highest share of foreign students <\/strong>comes from the neighboring countries, of which Nepal is 28.1% of the total. It was followed by Afghanistan 9.1%, Bangladesh 4.6%, Bhutan 3.8%, and Sudan 3.6%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1725914\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/pakistan-passes-bill-to-let-jadhav-appeal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pakistan Passes Bill to let Jadhav Appeal<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pakistan\u2019s Parliament has passed the International Court of Justice (Review and Reconsideration) Bill of 2020.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About the International Court of Justice (Review and Reconsideration) Bill of 2020:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The bill provides<\/strong> the right of appeal to death-row prisoner Kulbhushan Jadhav against the death sentence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The bill <\/strong>was passed after the International Court of Justice(ICJ) in its verdict had asked Pakistan to provide a credible review opportunity to Jadhav.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What was the issue?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kulbhushan Jadhav is <\/strong>an Indian National. He was arrested in 2016 by Pakistan on charges of spying and sentenced to death in 2017.<\/li>\n<li><strong>India has rejected <\/strong>the charges leveled against the navy officer. Further, it said that he was kidnapped by Pakistani operatives from the Iranian port of Chabahar where he was running a business.<\/li>\n<li>He was sentenced to death by the Pakistani Military Court.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hence, India approached<\/strong> the ICJ against Pakistan for denial of consular access to Jadhav and challenging the death sentence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>In 2019, the ICJ had ruled <\/strong>that Pakistan must undertake an effective review and reconsideration of the conviction and sentence of Jadhav and also to grant consular access to India without further delay.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What would have happened if Pakistan had not passed this bill?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>If Pakistan had not passed this bill, <\/strong>India would have gone to the UNSC and could have moved contempt proceedings against Pakistan in the ICJ.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Are decisions of the ICJ binding?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Judgments delivered by the ICJ <\/strong>in disputes between States are binding upon the parties concerned.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Moreover, the judgements are final <\/strong>and without appeal. If there is a dispute about the meaning of a judgment, the only possibility is for one of the parties to make a request to the Court for an interpretation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>As regards advisory opinions<\/strong>, it is usually for the United Nations organs and specialized agencies requesting them to give effect to them or not.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/MShareArticle?OrgId=G3F8LN75V.1&amp;imageview=0\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/g7-summit-takes-place-in-the-uk-indian-pm-will-participate-virtually\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;G7 summit&#8221; takes place in the UK: Indian PM will participate virtually<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Indian Prime Minister will participate in the Outreach Sessions of the G7 Summit in virtual format.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is G7?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The G7 (Group of Seven) <\/strong>is an organisation of the world&#8217;s seven largest so-called advanced economies. They are Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK and the United States.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The European Union<\/strong> is also represented within the G7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Russia joined the Group <\/strong>in 1998 creating the G8 but was excluded in 2014 for its takeover of Crimea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The group <\/strong>meets annually to discuss issues such as global economic governance, international security and energy policy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The group <\/strong>does not have a formal constitution or a fixed headquarters. The decisions taken by leaders during annual summits are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">non-binding<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why is the G7 summit in the UK?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The UK is holding the G7 presidency <\/strong>for 2021, so this is where the summit is taking place.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Guest Countries: <\/strong>India along with Australia, the Republic of Korea and South Africa are guest countries for the Summit.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Theme<\/strong>: The theme for the summit is \u2018Build Back Better\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>Priority Areas: <\/strong>The UK has outlined four priority areas for its summit. These are\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Leading<\/strong> the global recovery from coronavirus while Restrengthening resilience against future pandemics;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promoting<\/strong> future prosperity by championing free and fair trade;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tackling<\/strong> climate change and preserving the planet\u2019s biodiversity; and<\/li>\n<li><strong>Championing<\/strong> shared values and open societies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Is India attending it for the first time?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Since 2014,<\/strong> this is the second time Indian PM will be participating in a G7 meeting.<\/li>\n<li><strong>India had been invited <\/strong>by the G7 French Presidency in 2019 to the Biarritz Summit as a \u201cGoodwill Partner\u201d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>During the earlier <\/strong>Prime Minister Manmohan Singh\u2019s rule, India attended the G8 summit five times.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-the-g-7-agenda-this-year-india-7353336\/\"><strong>Indian Express<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/gharials-conservation-odisha-forest-department-announces-cash-reward\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;Gharials Conservation&#8221; &#8211; Odisha Forest department Announces Cash Reward<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Mahanadi Wildlife Division in Odisha has announced a cash reward of Rs 1,000 for rescuing Gharials and informing wildlife personnel. The division will also provide compensation to fishermen whose fishing nets are destroyed by gharials.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Gharials:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gharials <\/strong>are one of the longest of all living crocodilians. They derive their name from ghara, an Indian word for pot. It is named so because of a bulbous knob (narial excrescence) present at the end of their snout.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Features: <\/strong>Gharial is a fish-eating crocodile. It is also the only living crocodilian with visible sexual dimorphism.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indicator Species: <\/strong>They are also a crucial indicator of clean river water.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Distribution:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Gharials were once abundant in the main rivers and tributaries of the Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Mahanadi-Brahmani river systems.<\/li>\n<li>But they are now limited to only 14 widely spaced and restricted localities of India and Nepal.<\/li>\n<li>In India, Gharials are present in Son River, Girwa River, the Ganges, Mahanadi River, and the Chambal River.<\/li>\n<li>The Satkosia gorge in the Mahanadi is the southernmost limit of gharials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protected areas: <\/strong>National Chambal Sanctuary and Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary.<\/li>\n<li><strong>IUCN Status: <\/strong>Critically Endangered<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972: <\/strong>Schedule I<\/li>\n<li><strong>CITES: <\/strong>Appendix I<\/li>\n<li><strong>Threat: <\/strong>Construction of Dam, barrages, and water abstraction, entanglement in fishing nets, River bed cultivation, and sand mining.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Initiatives: <\/strong>Indian government launched Project Crocodile with UNDP and FAO in 1975. It included an intensive captive rearing and breeding programme intended to revive the dwindling gharial population.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Crocodiles in India:<\/strong> India has three species of Crocodiles, namely:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Gharials (<strong>Gharials are genetically weaker than salt water crocodiles and muggers<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<li>Mugger crocodile <strong>IUCN Status: <\/strong>Vulnerable<\/li>\n<li>Saltwater crocodile <strong>IUCN Status<\/strong>: Least Concern.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Crocodiles in Odisha:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Odisha <\/strong>is the only state in India having all three species of crocodiles (gharial, mugger and saltwater crocodiles).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Odisha State Forest Department <\/strong>has begun conservation of these three crocodile species since 1975 by establishing three rearing centres\n<ul>\n<li>Tikarpada for gharials in Angul district,<\/li>\n<li>Ramatirtha for muggers in Mayurbhanj, and<\/li>\n<li>Bhitarkanika for saltwater crocodiles in Kendrapara district.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/wildlife-biodiversity\/odisha-forest-department-announces-cash-reward-for-rescuing-gharials-77386\"><strong>Down To Earth<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/el-salvador-makes-bitcoin-a-legal-currency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">El Salvador makes &#8220;Bitcoin a legal currency&#8221;<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El Salvador has become the first country in the world to officially classify Bitcoin as a legal currency.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What did El Salvador do?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>El Salvador <\/strong>has made Bitcoin a legal currency. This means that the bitcoin must be accepted when offered as payment for goods and services. The tax contributors can also pay through bitcoin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The US dollar<\/strong> will continue to circulate alongside Bitcoin as the national currency in El Salvador.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>El Salvador <\/strong>has not had its own monetary policy since 2001 when it made the US dollar the official currency.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Along with Ecuador and Panama, <\/strong>El Salvador is currently among three nations in Latin America to have a \u2018dollarized economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Why did El Salvador make Bitcoin a legal currency?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fewer Remittances: <\/strong>The remittances in El Salvador account for roughly 20% of the nation\u2019s gross domestic product. However, a large amount of this money gets lost in intermediaries fees. Hence, it is expected that Bitcoin adoption may make remittances quicker and cheaper.<\/li>\n<li><strong>More Independence: <\/strong>El Salvador is a dollarized economy. So, the fiscal and monetary decisions of the U.S. government and Federal Reserve have a tremendous impact on El Salvador. Hence, adopting Bitcoin could give the nation more independence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Financial Inclusion: <\/strong>Nearly 70% of El Salvador&#8217;s population does not have a bank account and relies on the informal economy. So, Bitcoin will help increase financial inclusion in El Salvador.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Concerns against this move:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Legalizing bitcoin <\/strong>in the absence of a central regulating authority will have the potential for fraud and money laundering, high energy costs and extreme volatility.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Governments on Cryptocurrencies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>An increase in demand for cryptocurrencies <\/strong>has grabbed the attention of governments around the world. A few countries are even looking to launch their own virtual Cryptocurrencies called <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/introducing-national-digital-currency-in-india-explained-pointwise\/#What_is_the_CBDC_or_National_Digital_currency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">central bank digital currencies(CBDCs)<\/a>.\n<ul>\n<li>For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/china-tests-state-run-digital-currency-in-4-cities-amid-pandemic\/\"><strong>China<\/strong> has started a trial run of their digital currency<\/a><strong>\u00a0e- RMB\u00a0<\/strong>amid a pandemic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>In India, <\/strong>the Government has floated the <strong>Cryptocurrency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill, 2021<\/strong>. The bill prohibits all private cryptocurrencies and lays down the regulatory framework for the launch of an \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/introducing-national-digital-currency-in-india-explained-pointwise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">official digital currency<\/a>\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>About Bitcoin:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/bitcoins-in-india-an-overview\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitcoin<\/a> <\/strong>is a type of Cryptocurrency that enables instant payments to anyone.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Introduced in: <\/strong>Bitcoin was introduced in 2009. It is based on an open-source protocol and is not issued by any central authority.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Origin: <\/strong>The origin of Bitcoin is unclear, as is who founded it. A person, or a group of people, who went by the identity of Satoshi Nakamoto are said to have conceptualised an accounting system in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/el-salvador-bitcoin-president-nayib-7348198\/\"><strong>Indian Express<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/pragati-proactive-governance-and-timely-implementation-portal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PRAGATI (Proactive Governance And Timely Implementation) Portal<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Prime Minister is monitoring several railway projects through the (Proactive Governance And Timely Implementation) PRAGATI portal. He has observed a lack of progress in key railway projects across the country.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About PRAGATI Portal:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PRAGATI <\/strong>is a multi-purpose and multi-modal governance platform launched in 2015.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nodal Body: <\/strong>The portal has been designed by the Prime Minister\u2019s Office(PMO) team with the help of the National Informatics Center (NIC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aim: <\/strong>The portal is aimed at:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Addressing<\/strong> the common man\u2019s grievances<\/li>\n<li><strong>To simultaneously monitor<\/strong> and review important programmes and projects of the Government of India as well as projects flagged by various State governments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Features of the PRAGATI Portal:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Firstly<\/strong>, the platform<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> uniquely bundles the three latest technologies<\/span>: Digital data management, video-conferencing and geo-spatial technology.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Secondly<\/strong>, it is a three-tier system consisting of the PMO, Union Government Secretaries and Chief Secretaries of the States.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thirdly<\/strong>, the platform enables the Prime Minister to hold a monthly programme. In that, he will interact with the Government of India Secretaries and Chief Secretaries through Video-conferencing enabled by data and geo-informatics visuals;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lastly<\/strong>, the issues flagged before the PM are picked up from the available database regarding Public Grievances, ongoing Programmes and pending Projects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Significance of PRAGATI portal:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The platform offers <\/strong>a unique combination in the direction of cooperative federalism. Since it brings on one stage the Secretaries of Government of India and the Chief Secretaries of the States.<\/li>\n<li><strong>It is also a robust system<\/strong> for bringing e-transparency and e-accountability with real-time presence and exchange among the key stakeholders.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The platform is also <\/strong>an innovative project towards e-governance and good governance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/MShareArticle?OrgId=G3F8LN75P.1&amp;imageview=0\"><strong>The Hindu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read Previous Factly articles Article wise list of factly articles &#8220;Global Liveability Index&#8221; 2021 Released by EIU What is the News?\u00a0 Economist Intelligence Unit(EIU) has released the Global Liveability Index 2021. About Global Liveability Index: The index assesses the locations that provide the best and the worst living conditions around the world. It assesses 140&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-12-june-2021\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | 12 June, 2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":75152,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"factly-template.php","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1476,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-factly","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/factly-Latest-news-articles-for-prelims.jpg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704907058},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112020","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112020"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112020\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}