{"id":115235,"date":"2021-06-28T19:00:31","date_gmt":"2021-06-28T13:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=115235"},"modified":"2021-06-28T22:18:19","modified_gmt":"2021-06-28T16:48:19","slug":"threats-posed-by-uavs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/threats-posed-by-uavs\/","title":{"rendered":"Threats Posed by UAVs &#8211; Explained, Pointwise"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5><\/h5>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Over the past two years, drones or <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/uav\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAVs<\/a> have been deployed regularly by Pakistan-based outfits to smuggle arms, ammunition, conducting <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">aerial surveillance,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and drugs into Indian territory. Recently, two explosive devices were dropped from a drone at the air force base in Jammu. This was the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">first known drone or UAV attack on an Indian military establishment<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In certain incidents, the small drones were also armed with explosive ordnance, to convert them into potentially lethal guided missiles. This demonstrates the growing sophistication in the field of UAVs.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Past UAVs threats<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Weaponised\u00a0drones were first used by the Islamic State in northern Iraq in 2016 and then in Syria.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0 After that, every terror outfit started using drones to create devastation. According to government figures, 167 drone sightings in 2019 and 77 in 2020 were recorded along the border with Pakistan. Significant ones include,\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"31\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"47\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">In October 2020, the Army shot down one drone along the Line of Control in the\u00a0Keran\u00a0sector of J&amp;K.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"31\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"48\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">In January 2021, the Jammu &amp; Kashmir Police caught two persons while they were picking up a consignment of arms and ammunition smuggled via drones.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are UAVs?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft that carries no human pilot or passengers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UAVs, sometimes called \u201cdrones\u201d can be fully or partially autonomous but are more often controlled remotely by a human pilot.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Read more:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/drone-regulations-1-0\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Drone regulations and application of UAVs<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Threats of using UAVs in attacks<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UAVs are generally called\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">attackers delight and defender&#8217;s nightmare<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for the following reasons,<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UAVs have no restriction on the terrain nor the condition of the environment.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Drones fly low and therefore cannot be detected by any radar system because they are small and do not have much radar cross-section.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Difficult to detect also means\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">difficult to engage\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as well.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">They\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">do not match\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cost of the kill vs the cost of the target<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. For example, killing the $1000 UAV with the Million $ sophisticated missile. So, the defender\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">needs soft kill systems<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0like LASER, Radio Frequency jamming and Electronic Jamming etc.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Drone attacks\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cannot be ruled out even in the safest cities<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in the world.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UAVs can be controlled from a remote distance and\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">does not endanger any member of the attacking side<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UAVs are easy-to-procure, easy-to-operate, and have a\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">proven damage potential.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ethical concerns of using UAVs to attacks<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">There are certain ethical questions surrounding UAVs and their deployment in security operations. Such as,\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">As the UAVs take over human operations on the battlefield, is the world ready to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">let the machine take over man<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Can the machine be allowed to kill a man (Target)?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Government guidelines to counter rogue UAVs<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In 2019, following drone attacks on two major Saudi Arabian oil installations, the Indian government had expedited the process to come out with guidelines to counter rogue drones.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The civil aviation ministry\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">formed a committee chaired by the Director-General of Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Based on the committee recommendation, the Civil Aviation Ministry issued the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">National Counter Rogue Drones Guidelines 2019<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. The salient points are,\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"24\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"49\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For places of critical national importance, the rules called for the deployment of a model that consists of\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">primary and passive detection means\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">like radar, radio frequency (RF) detectors, electro-optical and infrared cameras.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"24\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"50\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In addition to this,\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">soft kill and hard kill measures\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">like RF jammers, GPS spoofers, lasers, and drone catching nets were also suggested to be installed.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"24\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"51\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">steering committee\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">chaired by a representative of the Indian Air Force and comprising representatives from NSG, Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF), etc. will be formed to ensure a coordinated approach.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conclusion:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Anti-drone jammers<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> cannot be that effective in the border areas, but they can be deployed at security-sensitive installations to prevent such attacks in the future.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Note:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The DGCA already has regulations in place for civilian drone operations. These include mandating the no-permission, no-takeoff\u00a0(NPNT) regulations for drones that prescribe a built-in firewall, which prevents drones without the necessary permissions from taking off.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1183],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction:\u00a0 Over the past two years, drones or UAVs have been deployed regularly by Pakistan-based outfits to smuggle arms, ammunition, conducting aerial surveillance,\u00a0and drugs into Indian territory. Recently, two explosive devices were dropped from a drone at the air force base in Jammu. This was the\u00a0first known drone or UAV attack on an Indian military&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/threats-posed-by-uavs\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Threats Posed by UAVs &#8211; Explained, Pointwise<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,9],"tags":[8286,216,8285],"class_list":["post-115235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7-pm","category-public","tag-drone","tag-gs-paper-3","tag-uavs","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":2,"cached_at":1698372623,"cached_date":1698437299},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=115235"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115235\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=115235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=115235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=115235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}