{"id":121284,"date":"2021-07-26T18:16:34","date_gmt":"2021-07-26T12:46:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=121284"},"modified":"2021-07-26T18:16:34","modified_gmt":"2021-07-26T12:46:34","slug":"are-law-and-technology-a-solution-to-fake-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/are-law-and-technology-a-solution-to-fake-news\/","title":{"rendered":"Are law and technology a solution to fake news?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GN48Q9B6R.1&amp;imageview=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hindu<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Importance of <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">historical thinking for tackling fake news.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>Synopsis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stakeholders are attempting to find a robust and effective solution to filter fact from fiction. In this regard, some experts have suggested the inculcation of historical thinking amongst the masses in order to curb the menace of fake news.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>Background<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fake news and its associated social problems have been a major concern. The Indian government has been attempting to <\/span><b>bring in several legal amendments to deal with its creation, propagation, and effects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social media companies, too, are<\/span><b> investing billions of dollars into technological solutions such as Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to identify fake news and its proliferation. However, such measures aren\u2019t fully effective to tackle fake news.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b>Issues in tackling Fake News<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>First<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the rising cases of fake news in the country testify that<\/span><b> formulation of laws only does not prevent a wrong action<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The legal system needs to become more robust before it can be considered an effective solution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Second<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the AI models use enormous amounts of power and leave <\/span><b>a huge carbon footprint<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A \u2018Transformer\u2019 model, as of January 2019, used 6,56,347 kilowatt-hour (kWh), producing a carbon footprint of 6,26,155 lbs of CO2 equivalent.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It incurred a cloud computing cost between $9,42,973 and $32,01,722 for a single training of the AI model.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, since the models tend to use text already present on the Internet, there is a tendency for the AI to<\/span><b> reflect strong negative human biases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Third<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the problem is aggravated by <\/span><b>the decline in history learning programs worldwide<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) curriculum has elements of historical thinking, <\/span><b>State boards are primarily focused on the memorization of content<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The majority of contemporary conflicts in India are rooted in historical claims around politics, culture, and religion. These will intensify if the historical assumptions and data behind related fake news are not analyzed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><b>Suggestions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the National Education Policy, 2020, captures the needs of the nation, it misses out on historical thinking. We need to <\/span><b>inculcate historical thinking to tackle the menace of fake news<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and uphold Article 51A(h) of the constitution.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Article 51A(h) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; It shall be the duty of every citizen to develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Historical thinking is the set of thinking skills required for learning history. It consists of concepts like points of view, evidence, validity and reliability of the source, contextualization, and corroboration, apart from other skills.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Historical Thinking in the case of fake news<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A person should be able to read a piece of news, <\/span><b>examine the source for bias and ascertain whether the claims being made are factual or whether they constitute deliberate misinformation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since fake news is designed to appeal to emotion, it becomes all the more important that a person is skilled at interrogating evidence, contextualising the information, and corroborating it with alternate sources.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Source: The Hindu\u00a0 Relevance: Importance of historical thinking for tackling fake news. Synopsis: Stakeholders are attempting to find a robust and effective solution to filter fact from fiction. In this regard, some experts have suggested the inculcation of historical thinking amongst the masses in order to curb the menace of fake news. Background: Fake news&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/are-law-and-technology-a-solution-to-fake-news\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Are law and technology a solution to fake news?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10322,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[216],"class_list":["post-121284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-3","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1702145118},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10322"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121284"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121284\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}