{"id":123339,"date":"2021-08-04T17:57:28","date_gmt":"2021-08-04T12:27:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=123339"},"modified":"2021-08-05T11:19:29","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T05:49:29","slug":"providing-horizontal-quota-the-bihar-way","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/providing-horizontal-quota-the-bihar-way\/","title":{"rendered":"Providing horizontal quota: the Bihar way"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Source<\/b>:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GRK8R9V1I.1&amp;imageview=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance:<\/strong> This article explains the recent horizontal reservation policy of the Bihar government and its advantages.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Synopsis<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The Bihar government&#8217;s horizontal reservation for women should be extended to other states also.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The Bihar government recently announced 33% horizontal reservation for women in State engineering and medical colleges.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What is the vertical and horizontal reservation?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Vertical reservation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The reservation for Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), Other Backward Classes (OBCs) and Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) is referred to as the vertical reservation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Horizontal reservation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This refers to the <strong>equal opportunity provided to other categories of beneficiaries<\/strong>, such as women, veterans, the transgender community, and individuals with disabilities, cutting through the vertical categories.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The horizontal reservations do not add to the regular reservation limit. Instead, it will be distributed across all the vertical categories, including the non-reserved category.<\/li>\n<li>For Instance, If an engineering college in Bihar has 100 reserved seats for STs, 33 of those seats (33% horizontal reservation) will have to be filled with ST women. So, the overall vertical reservation limit will be the same.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: Article 15(3) of the Constitution allows governments to make special provisions for women and children.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Why horizontal reservation of women has to be adopted?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>This initiative should be welcomed and adopted across sectors, departments, and States for various benefits. Such as,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>India\u2019s <strong>female labour force participation (FLFP) rate<\/strong> is consistently declining and is worryingly low. World Bank data shows that the FLFP came down to 21% in 2019 from 31.79% in 2005.\n<ul>\n<li>As per the Bihar Economic Survey 2019-20, the <strong>State\u2019s FLFP rate was abysmal<\/strong> compared to the all-India average. Only 6.4% and 3.9% of women were employed in the urban and rural areas of Bihar compared to the all-India figures of 20.4% and 24.6% respectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Evidence points out that<strong> increasing women\u2019s participation in the workforce to the level of men boosts the economy<\/strong>. In light of this, it is important for other governments to make more and more jobs available for women.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Other such role model initiatives by the Bihar government:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>In 2006, Bihar became the <strong>first State to reserve 50% seats for women in Panchayati Raj institutions<\/strong>. This was later imitated by several other states such as Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Chhattisgarh.<\/li>\n<li>In 2006, a scheme called the <strong>Mukhyamantri Balika Cycle Yojana<\/strong> was launched for Class 9 and 10 girl students. This was <strong>India\u2019s first scaled-up conditional cash transfer programme for the secondary education<\/strong> of girls. The enrolment of girl students went up after this scheme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Bihar government <strong>should<\/strong> also <strong>extend<\/strong> the engineering and medical <strong>quota for women to all institutions of higher education<\/strong>, including private colleges and universities.<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-green\">\n<p><strong>Terms to know:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/periodic-labour-force-survey-and-unemployment-in-india\/#What_are_LFPR_WPR_and_UER\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW80056616\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW80056616\">Horizontal and Vertical reservation<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Source:\u00a0The Hindu Relevance: This article explains the recent horizontal reservation policy of the Bihar government and its advantages. Synopsis The Bihar government&#8217;s horizontal reservation for women should be extended to other states also. Introduction The Bihar government recently announced 33% horizontal reservation for women in State engineering and medical colleges. What is the vertical and&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/providing-horizontal-quota-the-bihar-way\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Providing horizontal quota: the Bihar way<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10311,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[212,8688,6584,8667],"class_list":["post-123339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-horizontal-reservation","tag-reservation","tag-welfare-schemes-for-vulnerable-sections","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1700366119},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123339","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10311"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123339"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123339\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123339"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123339"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}