{"id":12400,"date":"2017-11-22T13:13:04","date_gmt":"2017-11-22T07:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=12400"},"modified":"2017-11-20T13:14:15","modified_gmt":"2017-11-20T07:44:15","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-november-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-november-21\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 November 21"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1 Recently Geographical Indication Tag status provided to \u00a0Banglar Rasogolla of West Bengal and Mamallapuram stone sculptures of Tamil Nadu. In this context, highlight the meaning of Geographical Indication? What are the significance of awarding GI status to any product? (GS-3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Geographical Indication (GI) Registry and Intellectual Property India recently presented the Geographical Indication Tag status to Banglar Rasogolla of West Bengal and Mamallapuram stone sculptures of Tamil Nadu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>About Geographical Indication (GI) :<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The qualities, characteristics or reputation of the product should be essentially due to the place of origin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GI tag is an insignia on products having a unique geographical origin and evolution over centuries with regards to its special quality or reputation attributes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The status to the products marks its authenticity and ensures that registered authorised users are allowed to use the popular product name.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is covered as an element of intellectual property rights (IPRs) under Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. At international level, GI is governed by WTO\u2019s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Significance:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legal protection to the products<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevents unauthorised use of a GI tag products by others<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps consumers to get quality products of desired traits (iv) Promotes economic prosperity of producers of GI tag goods by enhancing their demands in international and national market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GIs are of utmost importance to the country as they are an integral part of India\u2019s rich culture and collective intellectual heritage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Goods branded as GIs can be made indigenously by local communities independently and in a self-sustaining manner.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It Prevents unauthorised use of a Registered Geographical Indication by others<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It promotes economic prosperity of producers of goods produced in a geographical territory.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2 The Reserve Bank of India has recently decided not to pursue a proposal for introduction of Islamic banking in the country.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Critically explain the impact of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Islamic banking in the banking sector? (GS-3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Reserve Bank of India has decided not to pursue a proposal for introduction of Islamic banking in the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What is Islamic banking and finance?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Islamic or Sharia banking is a finance system based on the principles of not charging interest, which is prohibited under Islam. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some of the modes of Islamic banking\/finance include <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mudarabah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Profit and loss sharing), \u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wadiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(safekeeping), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Musharaka<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (joint venture), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Murabahah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (cost plus) and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ijar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (leasing).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Objectives:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two basic principles behind Islamic banking are:<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Firstly, in order to be Islamic, <\/span><b>the banking system has to avoid interest<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondly, another Islamic principle is that <\/span><b>there should be no reward without risk-bearing.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This principle is applicable to both labour and capital.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As no payment is allowed to labour unless it is applied to work, so no reward for capital should be allowed unless it is exposed to business risks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What are the advantages of Islamic banking?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are many advantages in introducing an Islamic window in the banks:<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Majority of companies in the Stock Exchange are <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shariat<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> compliant (this number is more than the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shariat<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> complaint companies on the Stock Exchange in Malaysia), thus this would result in <\/span><b>attracting huge funds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the domestic market alone.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An Islamic Banking window <\/span><b>will encourage many from the Muslim community<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to come forward and invest in projects<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India will be able to <\/span><b>attract huge investments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from West Asia and from those who invest only in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shariat<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> compliant projects.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What are the negative impacts of Islamic banking in India?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India is a secular country by Constitution. Thus opening any financial institution with the name of a religion can <\/span><b>raise question among other religious groups<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There would be much of chaos for manpower in Islamic banking. There is a <\/span><b>lack of adequate work force<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> trained in Sharia banking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The present banking rules and regulations in India do not allow the operation of Islamic Finance in India for it creates <\/span><b>hurdle in achieving complete financial inclusion<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Section 8 of Banking Regulation Act, mandates that a banking company cannot deal in the <\/span><b>selling or buying or bartering of goods<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which is prevalent in Shariah-compliant structures such as Murabaha in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Islamic banking may pave the way for the <\/span><b>entry for terrorist<\/b> <b>funding<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3 Climate is always changing then why is climate change a concern? What are the challenges for India in the context of the same? (GS-3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What is climate change?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Climate change is a long-term shift in the statistics of the weather (including its averages).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, it could show up as a change in climate normals (expected average values for temperature and precipitation) for a given place and time of year, from one decade to the next.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Climate is always changing. Why is climate change of concern now?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recent estimates of the increase in global average temperature since the end of the last ice age are 4 to 5 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That change has occurred over a period of about 7,000 years, starting 18,000 years ago.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The current global average temperature is 0.85\u00baC higher than it was in the late 19th century.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CO2 has risen by 40% in just the past 200 years, contributing to human alteration of the planet\u2019s energy budget.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The scientists consider that an increase of 2\u00b0C compared to the temperature in pre-industrial times is as the threshold beyond which there is a much higher risk that dangerous and possibly catastrophic changes in the global environment will occur.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What are the challenges for India? \u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India is concerned about the <\/span><b>impact of extreme weather events such as droughts and floods that would have a bearing on economic growth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is in this context that the <\/span><b>rich countries must give up their rigid approach towards the demands of low and middle income countries, and come to an early resolution on the question of financing of mitigation, adaptation and compensation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>India importantly retains the right to meet its energy access needs and energy for development through fossil fuel use<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, particularly coal, if needed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Paris Agreement does not constrain this approach, which is based on Indian interests.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives\u00a0 Q.1 Recently Geographical Indication Tag status provided to \u00a0Banglar Rasogolla of West Bengal and Mamallapuram stone sculptures of Tamil Nadu. In this context, highlight the meaning of Geographical Indication? What are the significance of awarding GI status to any product? (GS-3) The Geographical Indication (GI) Registry and Intellectual Property India recently presented the Geographical&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-november-21\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 November 21<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12400","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12400\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}