{"id":13546,"date":"2017-12-20T17:50:56","date_gmt":"2017-12-20T12:20:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=13546"},"modified":"2017-12-21T10:19:14","modified_gmt":"2017-12-21T04:49:14","slug":"swachh-bharat-mission-an-updated-holistic-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/swachh-bharat-mission-an-updated-holistic-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Swachh Bharat Mission: an updated holistic analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>Introduction: <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Government of India has launched \u201cSwachh Bharat Mission\u201d on <strong>2nd October, 2014<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The target is to <strong>achieve Swachh Bharat by 2019<\/strong>, as a fitting tribute to the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Aim: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It aims to accelerate the efforts to <strong>achieve universal sanitation<\/strong> coverage and to put <strong>focus on sanitation. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What are the components of Swachh Bharat Mission? <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Mission has following components:<\/li>\n<li>Construction of Household Toilets,<\/li>\n<li>Community and Public Toilets,<\/li>\n<li>Solid Waste Management,<\/li>\n<li>Information, Education &amp; Communication (IEC) and Public Awareness,\u00a0and<\/li>\n<li>Capacity Building and Administrative &amp; Office Expenses (A&amp;OE).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What is the division of fund for the completion of the Mission? \u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The total cost estimate for the Mission is Rs. 62,009 crore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Central Government and the State Government\/ Urban Local Bodies (ULBs):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The funding pattern between the <strong>Central Government and the State Government\/ Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) is<\/strong> <strong>75%:25%(90% : 10% for North Eastern and special category states).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swachh Bharat Kosh (SBK): <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The gap in financing of the aforesaid components could be met by <strong>Swachh Bharat Kosh (SBK) <\/strong>has been set up to attract Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds from Corporate Sector and contributions from individuals and philanthropists.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Other sources: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The other sources of fund are considered to be from <strong>the beneficiary contribution, private funding, and funds with private companies under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What are the subdivisions of Swachh Bharat Mission? <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>There are two Sub-Missions of the mission:<\/li>\n<li>Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)<\/li>\n<li>Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What is Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)?<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In Rural India, Swachh Bharat Mission would mean, <strong>improving the levels of cleanliness in rural areas through Solid and Liquid Waste Management activities and making Gram Panchayats Open Defecation Free (ODF), clean and sanitised<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Objectives:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) are as follows:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Improvement in the general quality of life: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the rural areas, by promoting cleanliness, hygiene and eliminating open defecation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Accelerate sanitation coverage:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas to achieve the vision of Swachh Bharat by 2nd October 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Adopt sustainable sanitation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To motivate communities to adopt sustainable sanitation practices and facilities through awareness creation and health education.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Encourage technologies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To encourage cost effective and appropriate technologies for ecologically safe and sustainable sanitation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Develop community managed sanitation systems:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To develop, wherever required, community managed sanitation systems focusing on scientific Solid &amp; Liquid Waste Management systems for overall cleanliness in the rural areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Create positive impact on gender:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To create significant positive impact on gender and promote social inclusion by improving sanitation especially in marginalized communities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>Progress made so far for Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) under the <\/u><\/strong><strong><u>Swachh Survekshan Gramin 2017: <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Under the Swachh Survekshan Gramin 2017, <strong>4 lakh rural households across 4626 villages were surveyed. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>2, 20,104 villages, 160 districts and 5 States <\/strong>declared Open Defecation Free.<\/li>\n<li>It reported that the <strong>overall toilet coverage is\u00a045%.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The survey also observed that\u00a0<strong>29%<\/strong><strong>of the people having access to a toilet<\/strong> use.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-13550 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.forumias.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Swachh.jpg?resize=346%2C401\" alt=\"\" width=\"346\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Swachh.jpg?w=346&amp;ssl=1 346w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Swachh.jpg?resize=129%2C150&amp;ssl=1 129w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Swachh.jpg?resize=259%2C300&amp;ssl=1 259w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What is Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)?<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In urban area, Swachh Bharat Mission would mean <strong>elimination of open defecation, conversion of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, eradication of manual scavenging, municipal solid waste management and bringing about a behavioural change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Objectives: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) are:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Eliminate open defecation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To completely irradiate open defecation from its grass root level.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Abolishing manual scavenging: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To completely eradicated Illegal practice of manual scavenging<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Modern and Scientific Municipal Solid Waste Management:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To collection and scientific processing\/disposal reuse\/recycle of Municipal Solid Waste.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Behavioral change:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To bring about a behavioral change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Generate awareness:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To generate awareness among the citizens about sanitation and its linkages with public health.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Strengthening of urban local bodies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To strengthen urban local bodies to design, execute and operate systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Environment for private sector participation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To create enabling environment for private sector participation in Capital Expenditure and Operation &amp; Maintenance (O&amp;M) costs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>Progress made so far for Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) under Swaach Sarvekshan 2017:<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Under the Swaach Sarvekshan 2017, <strong>404 cities where more than 75% of the residential areas<\/strong> were found substantially clean.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1, 338 cities<\/strong> have been found to be Open Defection Free.<\/li>\n<li><strong>85 cities\u2019 waste segregation<\/strong> is sustained at all processing stages in more than 75 wards.<\/li>\n<li><strong>40, 84, 620 toilets<\/strong> have been constructed so far.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What are the other special initiatives and projects under Swachh Bharat Mission? <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Making Swachhata Everyone\u2019s Business:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Prime Minister of the country is of the view that <strong>Swachhata has to be everyone&#8217;s business<\/strong> and <strong>not only that of the sanitation departments<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>A host of <strong>special initiatives and projects<\/strong> have come out in quick time in this process, which are as follows:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Namami Gange: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Namami Gange Programme is an initiative of Ministry of Water Resources (MOWR), comprising of <strong>making villages on the bank of River Ganga ODF<\/strong> and interventions <strong>dealing with solid and liquid waste management<\/strong> are being implemented by Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swachhata Action Plan (SAP):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SAP, a first of its kind <strong>inter-ministerial programme<\/strong> for Swachhta where all Union Ministries\/Departments have started to work for its <strong>realization in a significant manner with appropriate budget provisions<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swachhata Pakhwada (SP):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Swachhta Pakhwada aims at <strong>bringing a fortnight of intense focus on the issues and practices of Swachhta<\/strong> by engaging GOI Ministries\/Departments in their jurisdictions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swachh Swasth Sarvatra (SSS): <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Swachh Swasth Sarvatra involves <strong>focusing on WASH parameters<\/strong> in selected hospitals, priority ODF action in areas around identified health centres, and advanced sanitation training for doctors and health workers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swachhata at Petrol Pumps:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas has developed a <strong>Mobile app namely<\/strong> <strong>swachhta@PetrolPump<\/strong> which will help to monitor and maintain the cleanliness of the toilets and can be downloaded from all App stores.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Rashtriya Swachhata Kendra: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rashtriya Swachhata Kendra is planned to <strong>disseminate all information on sanitation matters and advanced toilet technology<\/strong> among people.<\/li>\n<li>It will also <strong>showcase ongoing SBM efforts <\/strong>across the country as well as <strong>history of sanitation<\/strong> in India, Interministerial coordination initiatives, interactive programme and a Swachhta learning centre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Swachh Iconic Places (SIP):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The government has taken up a multi-stakeholder initiative focusing on cleaning up 100 places across India that is \u201ciconic\u201d due to its <strong>heritage, religious and\/or cultural significance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Inter-faith cooperation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Ministry is working with Global Interfaith WASH Alliance (GIWA) and other faith-based organisations to take forward the goals of Swachh Bharat Mission<\/li>\n<li>This is being done across several areas including villages on the banks of river Ganga.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What are the recent drawbacks that are emerging in the way of the mission? <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The emerging drawbacks of the Swaach Bharaat Mission are as follows:<\/p>\n<p><strong>No strategy for solid waste management:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>There is an <strong>absence of any initiative or lack of any willingness<\/strong> to take any positive steps for solid waste management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>No progress in urban sewage system:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>India has managed to connect\u00a0<strong>only a little more than a third of its urban households<\/strong>, most of which are located in metropolitan cities, to sewerage systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Impact of GST:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The rolling out of GST has <strong>abolished the Swachh Bharat cess<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The implementation of a <strong>high tax rate of 18% on soaps and 12% on\u00a0sanitary napkins<\/strong> adds to the concern.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Social construct:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Many communities still regard the <strong>inclusion of a sanitary toilet as ritual and physical pollution<\/strong> of the house.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Behavioral change:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The biggest problem in India has never been the building of toilets; it has been <strong>promoting their use and changing the behavior of open defecation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Lack of education:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Most of the money is going towards latrine construction, and\u00a0<strong>very little towards information, education, and communication.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>What needs to be taken into consideration in order to accelerate the success rate of Swachh Bharat Mission?<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Swachh Bharat Mission needs to\u00a0<strong>increase both the coverage and use of toilets, as well as improved hygienic practices.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Political will and commitment<\/strong>\u00a0is required urgently to tackle the crisis of sanitation.<\/li>\n<li>Unless <strong>faecal waste is treated properly and disposed of safely<\/strong>, it will find its way back into our bodies.<\/li>\n<li>Urban local bodies and State governments could ensure that the larger containment systems such as\u00a0<strong>community toilets and public toilets<\/strong> are properly constructed and managed.<\/li>\n<li>Permission could be granted to new buildings, especially large apartment complexes\u00a0<strong>only when the applicants show proper septage construction designs<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The safety of sanitary workers\u00a0who clean tanks and pits must be ensured by <strong>enforcing occupational safety precautions.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is to\u00a0ensure inclusion, recognising the importance of safe and accessible toilets specific to <strong>the needs of the differently-abled, the elderly, the poorest, as well as women and adolescent girls<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Various <strong>awareness campaigns<\/strong> should initiated at all levels to create awareness and people\u2019s participation in the Mission.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)<\/strong> also play a strategic role in creating awareness and imparting hygiene education among the local population.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>Conclusion: <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cleanliness begins at home, thus as the citizens of India, each one of us needs to observe cleanliness at our grass root levels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: The Government of India has launched \u201cSwachh Bharat Mission\u201d on 2nd October, 2014. The target is to achieve Swachh Bharat by 2019, as a fitting tribute to the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. Aim: It aims to accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and to put focus on sanitation. What are&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/swachh-bharat-mission-an-updated-holistic-analysis\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Swachh Bharat Mission: an updated holistic analysis<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":13547,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-editorials","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Untitled.jpg?fit=1001%2C502&ssl=1","views":{"total":97,"cached_at":""},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13546"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13546\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}