{"id":14059,"date":"2018-01-04T17:36:45","date_gmt":"2018-01-04T12:06:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=14059"},"modified":"2018-01-04T17:36:45","modified_gmt":"2018-01-04T12:06:45","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-january-3-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-january-3-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 January 3, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1) \u201cJust like Portugal, ban on alcohol is to be treated as a public health issue and not as a criminal issue and ban it. The latter may give birth to other socio-economic hurdles for the country\u201d Explain. GS \u2013 1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ban on alcohol doesn\u2019t really seem to uproot the behavioral pattern of the consumers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead the economy goes through a rough patch and consumer pace declines.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Impact of non-banning the consumption of alcohol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to psychologist Jack Brehm, <\/span><b>humans hate obstruction of personal freedom<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accordingly, they <\/span><b>get into a rebellious state of mind<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to regain their freedom through illegal affairs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>undercover liquor supply<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> makes its way for new problems like <\/span><b>spurious liquor, gang wars and sale of other narcotic substances<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the ban on alcohol may <\/span><b>bring in adulteration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which in turn cost the lives of many.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Economically, following the Supreme Court, the <\/span><b>country has been facing problems for clubs, hotels and restaurants.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Food and beverage revenues<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have declined by 30-40% since the court order, and specialty restaurants have been badly hit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With hardly any progress being made on resolving the issue, the hospitality industry says <\/span><b>business in hotels on arterial roads has been crippled<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This adverse economic situation of the hotels <\/span><b>directly affects their employees too.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Conclusion:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At a time when the economy is going through a rough patch, and consumer pace has declined, the <\/span><b>ban on alcohol will hit the hotels that survive on food and beverage sales even harder<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2 organized crimes are increasing day by day in India, can it be said that the Indian legislations against organized crimes have failed? Justify your viewpoint.\u00a0 (GS\u20132)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organized crime is a category of <\/span><b>transnational, national, or local groupings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Loopholes in the laws against crimes in India:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Inadequate Legal Structure:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India <\/span><b>does not have a special law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to control\/suppress organised crime.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The existing general conspiracy law and relevant specialActs law <\/span><b>is inadequate as it targets individuals and not the criminal groups or criminal enterprises.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Difficulties in Obtaining Proof:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As organised criminal groups are structured in a hierarchical manner, <\/span><b>the higher echelons of leadership are insulated from law enforcement.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It may be possible to have the actual perpetrators of crime convicted, but it is difficult to go beyond them in the hierarchy because of <\/span><b>rules of evidence, particularly, non-admissibility of confessions made by criminals before the police<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>No legal backing for witness:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The witnesses are not willing to depose for fear of their lives and there is <\/span><b>no law to provide protection to the witnesses against organized gangs.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Lack of Resources &amp; Training:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most of the States face <\/span><b>a resources crunch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and are <\/span><b>not in the position to spare adequate resources<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the criminal justice system agencies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also the <\/span><b>number of police personnel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> posted in police stations is inadequate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Besides, <\/span><b>hardly any training facilities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> exist for the investigation of organised crimes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Lack of Co-ordination:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India <\/span><b>does not have a national level agency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to co-ordinate the efforts of the State\/city police organisations as well as central enforcement agencies, for combating organised crime.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, there is <\/span><b>no agency to collect, collate, analyse, document and function as a central exchange of information<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> relating to international and inter-state gangs operating in India and abroad.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Similarly, there is <\/span><b>no system of sustained pursuit<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of selected gangs at the national and State level.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Way forward:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Modern organized crime <\/span><b>constitutes a global challenge <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that must be met with a concerted, global response.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The police department has to been given a <\/span><b>free hand to deal effectively<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with troublemakers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most importantly <\/span><b>no politician should give patronage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the criminals in lieu of money or power.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most of the crimes are communicated through wires or internet; thus, <\/span><b>the cybersecurity needs to be strict and under continuous surveillance. \u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government should <\/span><b>introduce hi-tech software and machineries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in order to keep a track on the high alert areas. \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3) What are the major causes, effects and solutions that can be assigned to hidden hunger in India? (GS-1) <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hidden hunger, or micronutrient deficiency, is a <\/span><b>major public health problem in developing countries<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is <\/span><b>caused by a lack of essential vitamins and minerals (e.g. vitamin A, zinc, iron, iodine) in the diet.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Effect:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hidden hunger can lead to <\/span><b>illness, blindness, premature death, reduced productivity, and impaired mental development<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, particularly among women and children in developing countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It wreaks the economic, locking countries into <\/span><b>cycles of poor nutrition, lost productivity, poverty and reduced economic growth.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Causes:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People suffering from hidden hunger are often too <\/span><b>poor to be able to afford foods<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that are more nutritious, or otherwise lack access to these foods. \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moreover, the well-to-do habitually <\/span><b>eat large amounts of staple food crops<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (such as maize, wheat, and rice) that are high in calories.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Food may lack <\/span><b>sufficient micronutrients or fewer intakes<\/b> <b>of foods that are rich in micronutrients such as fruits, vegetables, and animal and fish products. <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Solutions:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Supplements:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supplementation is the primary method that has been used in attempts to reduce micronutrient deficiency. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>weak and vulnerable section<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the society should be provided these supplements <\/span><b>free of cost.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Diversifying Diets:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dietary diversification ensures a healthy diet that \u00adcontains <\/span><b>a balanced and adequate combination of macronutrients, essential micronutrients, and other food-based substances such as dietary fiber.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Food Fortification:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Food fortification <\/span><b>adds trace amounts of micronutrients to staple foods or condiments during processing,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> helps consumers get the recommended levels of micronutrients.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fortification has been particularly successful for iodized salt; 71 percent of the world\u2019s population has access to iodized salt.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives\u00a0 Q.1) \u201cJust like Portugal, ban on alcohol is to be treated as a public health issue and not as a criminal issue and ban it. The latter may give birth to other socio-economic hurdles for the country\u201d Explain. GS \u2013 1 Introduction: Ban on alcohol doesn\u2019t really seem to uproot the behavioral pattern of&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-january-3-2018\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 January 3, 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14059"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14059\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}