{"id":14326,"date":"2018-01-12T13:09:38","date_gmt":"2018-01-12T07:39:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=14326"},"modified":"2018-01-10T17:10:45","modified_gmt":"2018-01-10T11:40:45","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-january-11-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-january-11-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 January 11, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1) In recent times women\u2019s right activists have united to challenge the restrictions imposed on women with regard to entering places of worship. What are the causes responsible for ban on women\u2019s temple entry? Mention the constitutional provisions against such restrictions in India. \u00a0(GS\u20131)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The restrictions imposed on women with regard to entering places of worship is not restricted to a single religion; Hindu temples, Muslim mosques and Dargahs and even some Christian churches limit the access of women.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Factors<\/b> <b>responsible for women\u2019s ban on temple entry:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The factors responsible for women\u2019s ban on temple entry are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Patriarchy<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The common thread that runs through the excuses for women\u2019s ban is patriarchy which is premised upon the notion of women\u2019s inferiority and impurity; which then becomes a justification for their subordination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The conversion of any issue on woman right into political controversy or infringement of right of minorities in India is a big challenge to overcome.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Myth:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mythical ideologies too ban women from entering the temples.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As for example, the authorities of Kartikyeya Temple in Pushkar are of the opinion that the lord curses women who enter the temple instead of blessing them.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Menstruation:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most of the temples are currently prohibiting the entry of all women in the menstruation age group.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They believe that bleeding makes them impure which is not only an attack on women\u2019s rights but it is also a question of one\u2019s privacy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Constitutional provisions against women\u2019s ban on temple entry:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The constitutional provisions against such restrictions in India are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Article 14 and 51(1)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> emphasize equality before law, and there are two facets of the same fundamental right.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Articles emphasis the fact that any discrimination which is based on the ground of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth is prohibited.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Article 15(1)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> implies that there may be discrimination on other grounds, but these cannot be arbitrary, capricious or oppressive. They have to be reasonable.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Article 25<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Constitution guarantees freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion to all the citizens of the Union of India. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The right under <\/span><b>Article 25(i)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is further subject to the right of the State to make any law regulating or restricting any economic, financial, political or other secular activity which may be associated with religious practice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is further subject to the right of the State to provide legislation for social welfare and reform.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Article 26(b)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> awards to religious categories the privilege to deal with their own undertakings in the matter of religion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These religious rights guaranteed under <\/span><b>Articles 25 and 26<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are not absolute and are subject to welfare legislation made by the State.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moreover, according to <\/span><b>Article 13<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Indian Constitution, the court is free to strike down any &#8220;custom&#8221; or &#8220;usage&#8221; which is in contravention of the fundamental rights of a person.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2) Discuss the adverse impact on society by misuse of Protection of Women from Domestic Violence in India. Suggest some measures to decelerate the misuse. (GS-1)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 is an <\/span><b>Act of the Parliament of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> enacted to protect women from domestic violence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was <\/span><b>brought into force by the Indian government from 26 October 2006<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Act provides for the first time in Indian law a definition of <\/span><b>&#8220;domestic violence&#8221;, with this definition being broad and including not only physical violence, but also other forms of violence such as emotional\/verbal, sexual, and economic abuse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <\/span><b>civil law <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">meant primarily for protection orders and not meant to penalize criminally. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Adverse impact on society by misuse of Protection of Women from Domestic Violence:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ill effects of misusing Protection of Women from Domestic Violence are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With view to granting equal status to women, <\/span><b>laws consciously or unconsciously are drafted having effect of gender-bias<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now-a-days, filing cases under the Domestic Violence Act by women has become a common one.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has resulted into <\/span><b>large number of divorce cases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once the members of the husband\u2019s family are arrested, chances of surviving the marriage became remote and marriage comes to an end.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span><b>increases corruption in police and society<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as police threaten persons involved that if they would not pay money, their bail will be delayed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many lawyers, in lieu of getting commission on the money received by women by misusing this provision, <\/span><b>encourages to complaints<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It causes <\/span><b>disgrace to profession of advocates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many <\/span><b>suicide cases have been registered<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> due to the harassment by women in such false cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Suggestion:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The academicians need to <\/span><b>expose and reveal unnatural and unreasonable growth of law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, a <\/span><b>neutral and an unprejudiced law is needed<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to protect the genuine victims of domestic violence irrespective of their gender.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Time-bound trial should be made a statutory<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> requirement in all these domestic violence laws in order to avoid unnecessary litigation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The trial under the <\/span><b>Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 should be made in pursuant to the Evidence Act instead of the Criminal Procedure Code<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> so that the sole testimony of women is not considered true but is backed by proper evidence.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Conclusion:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a very sensitive issue. Even though it is true that sometimes a few provisions of any law can be misused but the law rightly serves women security.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3) The changing dynamics of the relation between Gulf Cooperation Council and India handsomely contribute to India\u2019s economic progress. \u00a0Justify the statement with the possible potential areas for India-GCC\u2019s further corporation. (GS-2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Gulf constitutes the immediate neighborhood of India separated only by the Arabian Sea.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India, therefore, has a vital stake in the stability, security and economic well-being of the Gulf.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a group, the GCC has been increasingly determining the economic, political, and security policies of its member States.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>GCC and India Relations:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Gulf constitutes the <\/span><b>\u201cimmediate\u201d neighborhood of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> separated only by the Arabian Sea.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India, therefore, has a <\/span><b>vital stake in the stability, security and economic well being<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Gulf.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a group, the GCC has been <\/span><b>increasingly determining the economy, political and security policies of its member States<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GCC countries are <\/span><b>moving ahead rapidly with their economic integration efforts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GCC has <\/span><b>emerged as a major trading partner of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has <\/span><b>vast potential as India\u2019s investment partner<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the future.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GCC\u2019s <\/span><b>substantial oil and gas reserves are of utmost importance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for India\u2019s energy needs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GCC countries are <\/span><b>collectively host to a large Indian expatriate community<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a nutshell, the GCC <\/span><b>offers tremendous potential for cooperation in trade, investment, energy, manpower, etc<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the strategic point of view, <\/span><b>India and GCC share the desire for political stability and security<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The emerging common security perceptions <\/span><b>create further opportunities for GCC-India cooperation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the future. \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Potential areas of cooperation:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>GCC States are going through important changes and transformation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; the process of understanding and integration is coming of age.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Along with it, the <\/span><b>areas for cooperation are also widening<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> beyond investments, trade &amp; commerce and sharing &amp; development of human resources to security.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are <\/span><b>three major areas of advantage that Delhi can utilize<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in attempting to forge stronger ties with GCC states.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Soft power:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First, India can tap its significant soft power in the region. The country enjoys a benign image in the eyes of Middle Eastern governments and peoples, smoothing the way for stronger relations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>India\u2019s Diaspora:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondly, the size and importance of India\u2019s Diaspora in the region gives India significant leverage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has the advantage, unique among global powers, of having the aforementioned massive Diaspora in the Middle East, particularly in the Gulf. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives\u00a0 Q.1) In recent times women\u2019s right activists have united to challenge the restrictions imposed on women with regard to entering places of worship. What are the causes responsible for ban on women\u2019s temple entry? Mention the constitutional provisions against such restrictions in India. \u00a0(GS\u20131) Introduction: The restrictions imposed on women with regard to entering&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-january-11-2018\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 January 11, 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704828453},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14326","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14326\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}