{"id":145931,"date":"2021-11-10T21:00:43","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T15:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=145931"},"modified":"2022-09-08T16:26:18","modified_gmt":"2022-09-08T10:56:18","slug":"9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-november-10th-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-november-10th-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 November 10th, 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"content-box-red\">Dear Friends<br \/>\nWe have initiated some changes in the 9 PM Brief and other postings related to current affairs.\u00a0What we sought to do:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ensure that all relevant facts, data, and arguments from today\u2019s newspaper are readily available to you.<\/li>\n<li>We have widened the sources to provide you with content that is more than enough and adds value not just for GS but also for essay writing. Hence, the 9 PM brief now covers the following newspapers:\n<ol>\n<li><strong>The Hindu\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian Express\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Livemint\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Business Standard\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Times of India\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Down To Earth<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>We have also introduced the relevance part to every article. This ensures that you know why a particular article is important.<\/li>\n<li>Since these changes are new, so initially the number of articles might increase, but they&#8217;ll go down over time.<\/li>\n<li>It is our endeavor to provide you with the best content and your feedback is essential for the same. We will be anticipating your feedback and ensure the blog serves as an optimal medium of learning for all the aspirants.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>For previous editions of 9 PM Brief<\/strong> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-brief\/\">Click Here<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>For individual articles of 9 PM Brief<\/strong>&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/daily-current-affairs-summaries-for-upsc-exam\/\">Click Here<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"p-3 mb-2 bg-info text-white text-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Mains Oriented Articles\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"mb-0\"><strong style=\"font-family: var(--heading--font-family); font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: var(--heading--letter-spacing-h3); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary);\">GS Paper 2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#gs11\">After selling the Maharajah<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gs12\">Do WTO like you did COP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gs13\">Wanted: A truly generous health cheque for underserved Indians<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gs14\">The saviour complex of Facebook\u2019s critics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gs15\">India needs to sign up for life course immunization<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gs16\">Reservation on hiring<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"mb-0\"><strong style=\"font-family: var(--heading--font-family); font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: var(--heading--letter-spacing-h3); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary);\">GS Paper 3<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#gs21\">Net-zero presents many opportunities for India \u2014 and challenges<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gs22\">Burning problem: Fast urbanising India can\u2019t be cavalier on safety &amp; have pathetic fire-fighting infrastructure<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"mb-0\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Prelims Orie<\/strong><strong>nted Articles (Factly)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#f1\">Explained: Why is India hosting an NSAs\u2019 meeting on Afghanistan with regional players?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f2\">At least 420 million hectares forest lost since 1990: Survey<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f3\">DELIVERY OF FOURTH SCORPENE SUBMARINE \u2018VELA\u2019 TO INDIAN NAVY<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f4\">Exhorts more companies from the Heavy industries sector to join the global LEAD-IT (Leadership Group for Industry Transition) initiative<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f5\">Union Environment Minister Inaugurates The Ganga Connect Exhibition At Glasgow Amidst COP-26<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f6\">Pakistan blocks GoFirst flight: How it flouts freedom of air<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f7\">India retains slot in top 10 on climate performance index; China at 37, US 55<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f8\">Towards better adaptation: Global model to assess resilience to climate risks launched<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f9\">DST selects 2020 Swarna Jayanti Fellows<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f10\">New Climate Pledges barely affect global warming: UN<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f11\">Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment Releases Training Modules of Central Sector Scheme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#f12\">Explained: How Srinagar earned UNESCO creative tag<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"p-3 mb-2 bg-info text-red text-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Mains Oriented Articles<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"mb-0\"><strong style=\"font-family: var(--heading--font-family); font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: var(--heading--letter-spacing-h3); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary);\">GS Paper 2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><a id=\"gs11\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/after-selling-the-maharajah\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">After selling the Maharajah<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>: This post is based on the article \u201c<strong>After selling the Maharajah<\/strong>\u201d published in <strong>Business Standard<\/strong> on <strong>10th Nov 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Syllabus<\/strong>: GS2 &#8211; Governance<\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Privatisation of Air India, Re-organisation of Civil Aviation Ministry<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <span class=\"p-content\">The gains from the sale of Air India would be incomplete if follow-up steps are not taken to reorganise the civil aviation ministry. Reforms of this ministry are long overdue, and the Air India sale should expedite such a decision.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"p-content paywall\">What does the Union civil aviation ministry do? <\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">The ministry is responsible for formulating national policies and programmes for the development and regulation of the civil aviation sector in the country. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">It is also responsible for the administration of the Aircraft Act, Aircraft Rules and a few other laws pertaining to the aviation sector. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">More importantly, the ministry exercises administrative control of organisations such as the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), the Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS), the Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India (AERAI), the Commission of Railway Safety (CRS), the Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB), the Airports Authority of India (AAI) and Air India.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>Why downsizing of civil aviation ministry is necessary?<\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">Downsizing the manpower in the aviation ministry would make it leaner and more efficient. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">More importantly, this will make the regulatory bodies in the civil aviation sector, like the DGCA, the AERAI, the BCAS and the AAIB, truly autonomous. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">The aviation ministry would also be restricted from influencing these organizations beyond playing its legitimate role in policy-making.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Must Read<\/strong>: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/privatisation-of-air-india-explained-pointwise\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Privatisation of Air India &#8211; Explained, pointwise<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5>What steps should be taken by the govt?<\/h5>\n<div><strong>Civil aviation governance structure reforms<\/strong>: Redeploying or curtailing excess manpower under Civil Aviation Ministry.<\/div>\n<p><strong>DGCA should be structured as an independent regulator<\/strong> rather than being an extension of civil aviation ministry. <span class=\"p-content paywall\">The ministry should lay down the policy and give the DGCA the freedom to implement the policy. If there is a need for an appellate body to address grievances of aviation players against decisions taken by the DGCA, such a body should be created.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\"><strong>AERAI<\/strong>: As ministry plans to hand over the ownership and management of many airports to private enterprises, exercising any administrative control over AERAI would not be optimal.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\"><strong>The functioning of organisations like the BCAS and the AAIB<\/strong> should also be made independent of the civil aviation ministry. The functions and role of these organisations are best performed if they do not operate as an extension of the ministry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">CRS should be made a truly independent and sufficiently empowered organisation to examine railway safety issues and accidents. No purpose is served by keeping it under the civil aviation ministry. CRS was created under the administrative control of the civil aviation ministry, many years ago in 1989 under the Railway Act.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><strong>What is the way forward?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\">If this major ministerial reorganisation can be achieved in the civil aviation ministry, the same template could be enforced in other central ministries. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"p-content paywall\"><strong>For instance<\/strong>, if banks are to be privatised, the role and relevance of the <strong>department of financial services<\/strong> should be revisited.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"gs12\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/do-wto-like-you-did-cop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Do WTO like you did COP<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Syllabus<\/strong>: GS2 \u2013 Important International Institutions, agencies, and fora &#8211; their Structure, Mandate.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>: This post is based on the article \u201c<strong>Do WTO like you did COP<\/strong>\u201d published in <strong>TOI<\/strong> on <strong>10th November 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: India should balance its geopolitical interests and geo-economic interests equally.<\/p>\n<p>In COP26, by offering to do more than what was expected out of it, India has tried to disarm its critics from the Western countries while voicing the concerns of the South.<\/p>\n<p>Later this month, India will find again find itself in a similar situation at the 12th ministerial conference (MC12) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What are the issues\/challenges for India at WTO?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Criticism on India\u2019s Protective Trade policies<\/strong>: Unlike COP26, India might not be enjoy the support of South countries at WTO. India\u2019s inclination towards protectionism, accompanied by the raising of average applied tariff over the past four years, as part of its \u2018atmanirbharta\u2019 agenda is criticised by both countries of the North and the South.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Criticism on India\u2019s policy stands on foreign trade<\/strong>: India\u2019s criticism of free trade agreements entered into by the previous government and the <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-exits-rcep\/\">decision to withdraw from the RCEP<\/a><\/strong><\/span>, distanced India from many newly industrializing economies seeking greater market access to India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Loss of status amongst developing countries<\/strong>: India has also been losing its longstanding status as a champion of developing country interests in multilateral trade negotiations.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What have been the implications?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Geo-economic consequence<\/strong>: Further weakening of the India-Africa compact that defined WTO discussions at least till 2008.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Impact on Exports<\/strong>: With India opting out or being left out of all major plurilateral and regional FTAs, exports, despite recent growth, have taken a setback. Exports remain static in nominal terms over the past decade and actually shrinking by 20-30% in real terms.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Driving out FDI<\/strong>: Most foreign direct investments coming into India are aimed primarily at the domestic market. Export-oriented western FDI continues to leave India, going to countries to India\u2019s East.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>How India\u2019s position on geo-economic challenges differs sharply from its position on geopolitical challenges?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Indian position on geo-economic challenges like climate change, trade, and industrial policy differs sharply from the clarity with which it has been dealing with geopolitical challenges.<\/p>\n<p>While China\u2019s geopolitical and geo-economic aggression has<strong> pushed India closer West with respect to defense and security ties<\/strong>, India\u2019s economic interests continue to place it in the middle of the North-South economic divide.<\/p>\n<p>This dichotomy between India\u2019s geopolitical and geo-economic interests is also reflected in the <strong>agenda of the two Quads<\/strong> of which it is a member.<\/p>\n<p>While geopolitics of China\u2019s rise defines the agenda of the <strong>East Asian Quad<\/strong> <em>(Australia, India, Japan, and the US)<\/em>, the geoeconomics of trade, manufacturing, and technology define the <strong>West Asian Quad<\/strong> <em>(India, Israel, UAE, and the US).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>India is now engaged in negotiating FTAs with members of both Quads and with the European Union, especially France, Germany, and Scandinavia.<\/p>\n<p>The challenge for India is to <strong>balance its geopolitical interests, along the East-West axis<\/strong>, with its geo-economic interests along the North-South axis.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What is the way forward?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>First,<\/strong> India needs to balance its geopolitical interests, with its geo-economic interests. For this there has to be greater coordination between the external affairs and commerce ministries<\/p>\n<p><strong>Second,<\/strong> the new messaging on climate action should also define India\u2019s approach to foreign trade.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"gs13\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wanted-a-truly-generous-health-cheque-for-underserved-indians\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wanted: A truly generous health cheque for underserved Indians<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Syllabus<\/strong>: GS2 \u2013 Issues related to the health sector In India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>: This post is based on the article \u201c<strong>Wanted: A truly generous health cheque for underserved Indians<\/strong>\u201d published in <strong>Live mint<\/strong> on <strong>10th November 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: India\u2019s public health expenditure remains one of the lowest among major economies in the world. It needs to do more to achieve decent standards of healthcare for all.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>How much India spends on Health care?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>India\u2019s annual spend on Health care is around \u20b92,000 per capita.<\/p>\n<p>India\u2019s annual health budget has stayed barely above 1% of gross domestic product (GDP) for the past decade. In the fiscal year 2019-20, it was \u20b92.57 trillion, or 1.3% of GDP.<\/p>\n<p>This ratio compares unfavorably even with emerging market peers such as<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Indonesia (1.4%)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; China (2.9%)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Russia (3.2%)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; South Africa (3.6%)<\/p>\n<p>And, worse, this fiscal year, the Centre and most state governments have budgeted lower health spending.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What are the implications of a lower public health expenditure?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>High out of Pocket expenditure<\/strong>: Low government spending means Indians spend out more on health expenses from their pockets. According to the WHO\u2019s health financing profile for 2017, roughly 2\/3rds of expenditure on health in India is out-of-pocket, nearly four times the global average of approximately 18%.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The vicious cycle of poverty<\/strong>: Low public health spending, together with high out-of-pocket expenditure, a catastrophic health event such as this pandemic push the vulnerable further into poverty.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Poor health indicators<\/strong>: WHO ranked India 57th out of 195 countries on its <strong>Global Health Security Index<\/strong>, pointing out weak spots in India\u2019s health preparedness.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What are the emerging trends w.r.t states&#8217; spending on health care?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>One<\/strong>, states have not achieved their policy targets. Analysis of the past decade\u2019s data, though, suggests that most states are making slow progress.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Two, richer states tend to spend more on healthcare<\/strong>. Goa, Kerala and Gujarat, for example, were relatively high spenders, whereas Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha spent less.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Three, higher per capita health spending result in visibly better health outcomes<\/strong>. An analysis of data taken from <strong>NITI Aayog\u2019s Healthy States, Progressive India report of 2019<\/strong> shows that states with higher average health expenditure per capita over 2012-17 registered better health outcomes in fiscal 2017-18<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What is the way forward?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>One<\/strong>, better resource mobilization and\/or greater targeted transfers to the country\u2019s poorer states to help them catch up.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Two<\/strong>, as a topmost goal, India must focus on achieving universal health coverage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Three,<\/strong> attention to non-communicable diseases will need to be balanced with that to infectious diseases such as covid-19.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Four,<\/strong> the benefits of technology should be leveraged to provide last-mile healthcare access, particularly through telemedicine. In this context, the recently announced PM Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission, which aims to spend \u20b964,180 crores over the next five years to fill critical gaps and improve long-term health care infrastructure, is a welcome move.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For Centre<\/strong>: The National Health Policy, 2017, the latest Economic Survey, have both recommended a national public health spending target of 2.5-3% of GDP by 2025.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For States:<\/strong> Health is a state subject. Three-fourths of India\u2019s public health expenditure is, in fact, undertaken by state governments.<\/p>\n<p>The National Health Policy, in addition to recommending an increase in overall public health spending, had also proposed that states increase their health expenditure to 8% or more of their respective budgets, by 2020.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"gs14\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-saviour-complex-of-facebooks-critics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The saviour complex of Facebook\u2019s critics<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Syllabus<\/strong>: GS Paper 2 \u2013 issues related to the functioning of social media<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>: This post is based on the article \u201c<strong>The saviour complex of Facebook\u2019s critics<\/strong>\u201d published in <strong>Indian Express<\/strong> on <strong>10th November 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: How the media covered its own coverage of the revelations made by Haugen is disheartening.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read about the issue here<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/5-questions-on-facebook\/\">https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/5-questions-on-facebook\/<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5><strong>Why the conduct of Western media in the present case is unstaisfactory?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Whistle-blowers and the Western media have exposed how the social media platform allows dangerous social media manipulation in developing countries. But they haven\u2019t made the media and journalists from the global south a part of this coverage.<\/p>\n<p>The sharing of Haugen\u2019s documents related to Facebook was tightly orchestrated. Only a few media organisations had the access to the Facebook Papers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For instance<\/strong>, Media that publish in Hindi or Bengali or any of these other developing world languages from anywhere in the global south were not part of this exclusive Facebook Papers consortium<\/p>\n<p>This shows that even those who have the power to regulate Facebook <em>(US lawmakers and regulators, the whistle-blowers, and the media with privileged access)<\/em> don\u2019t seem to care much for the developing world or at least trust them enough to include them.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"gs15\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-needs-to-sign-up-for-life-course-immunization\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">India needs to sign up for life course immunization<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong>This post is based on the article &#8220;<strong>India needs to sign up for life course immunization&#8221; <\/strong>posted in <strong>The Hindu<\/strong> on\u00a0<strong>10th November 2021.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Subject: <\/strong>GS 2 Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance:<\/strong> understanding immunization.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>News<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Right from the days of smallpox, vaccines were designed for all age groups. However, after the smallpox eradication and launch of an expanded programme on immunisation (EPI), there were efforts to increase vaccination for children.<\/p>\n<p>But as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that there is a need to take stock of the status of adult immunisation in the world.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What is the status of adult vaccination in India?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>There have been incidents of India undertaking adult vaccination, like after the outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in 2005.<\/p>\n<p>1. Limited research and data on the burden of <strong>vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs)<\/strong> in adult age groups. 2. The National vaccine policy of India, 2011 had no mention of adult vaccination. 3. <strong>National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (NTAGI)<\/strong> paid no focus on adult vaccination.<\/p>\n<p>Though Non-government professional groups like the <strong>Association of Physicians of India<\/strong> have released guidelines on adult vaccination, but these are only voluntary.<\/p>\n<p>But now there is emerging scientific evidence on winning immunity and the need for booster doses in the adult age group. This has resulted in the global stakeholders agreeing to \u2018the <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/immunisation-agenda-2030-or-ia2030-launched-on-world-immunisation-week\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Immunization Agenda 2030<\/strong><\/a>\u2019 which emphasises vaccination to all age groups.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What steps should be taken?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>First, <\/strong>the mandate of the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (NTAGI) should be expanded to include adult vaccination. An NTAGI sub-group on adult vaccination can be constituted.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Second, <\/strong>the VPD surveillance system and capacity to record, report and analyse data on the disease burden and immunisation coverage require to be strengthened.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Third, <\/strong>Boost research and development in academic institutions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fourth, <\/strong>initiate the roadmap for drafting India\u2019s <strong>national adult vaccination policy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fifth, <\/strong>address the issues of supply chain and shortages of vaccines. Revive the public sector vaccine manufacturing units.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What should be the way forward?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>It is time that policymakers take the decision on adult vaccination and empower adult citizens to make informed choices about vaccines. There is a need to focus on a universal immunization programme plus, which should include everyone and all citizens of India.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"gs16\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/reservation-on-hiring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reservation on hiring<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong>This post is based on the article &#8220;<strong>Reservation on hiring&#8221; <\/strong>published in the <strong>Business Standard <\/strong>on\u00a0<strong>10th November 2021.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Syllabus:<\/strong> GS 2 Government Policies and Interventions for Development in various sectors and issues arising out of their Design and Implementation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance:\u00a0<\/strong>Understanding the provisions of the Employment Act introduced by the Haryana government.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h5><strong>News<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act, 2020 is all set to be implemented from 15th January 2022.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/concerns-associated-with-local-reservation-laws\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Concerns associated with Local Reservation Laws<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5><strong style=\"color: var(--global--color-primary); font-family: var(--global--font-secondary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\">What are the provisions of the Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>It provides for a<strong> 75% job quota for local people<\/strong> in private sector jobs which offer a salary of\u00a0 Rs. 30,000 (earlier 50k) a month. \u00a0There is a modification in the act as domicile stipulation reduced from 15 years to five years<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/job-reservation-in-private-sector-for-locals-explained-pointwise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act of 2020<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5><strong>What is the impact of the <strong style=\"color: var(--global--color-primary); font-family: var(--global--font-secondary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\">Haryana State Employment of Local Candidates Act?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>First,\u00a0<\/strong>It violates the constitutional right of citizens to reside in any part of the country and practise any occupation or business.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Second, <\/strong>The Act creates barriers for businesses\u00a0by attaching severe monetary penalties for alleged non-compliance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Third, <\/strong>It will diminish opportunities for small firms as they have to meet Rs. 30,000 thresholds to keep non-local employees on their books.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fourth,\u00a0<\/strong>Many industries will seek to move to neighbouring Delhi and UP states owing to restrictions implied by the act. This will have a negative impact on the revenue of the state.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-ill-effects-of-job-reservation-for-locals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The ill effects of Job reservation for locals<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"mb-0\"><strong style=\"font-family: var(--heading--font-family); font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: var(--heading--letter-spacing-h3); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary);\">GS Paper 3<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><a id=\"gs21\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/net-zero-presents-many-opportunities-for-india-and-challenges\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Net-zero presents many opportunities for India \u2014 and challenges<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>: This post is based on the article \u201c<strong>Net-zero presents many opportunities for India \u2014 and challenges<\/strong>\u201d published in The <strong>Indian Express<\/strong> on <strong>10th Nov 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Syllabus<\/strong>: GS3 &#8211; Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Analysing the net-zero target set by India and what&#8217;s required to achieve it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: At Glasgow COP26 summit, one of the key announcements made by India was a target for achieving net-zero. India committed to a 2070 net zero target.<\/p>\n<p>This is not just significant for the world, but also a sizeable economic opportunity for India. The challenge now is to overcome the obstacles along the way.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Must Read<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/indias-panchamrita-pledge-at-cop26-explained-pointwise\/\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">India announces new climate targets &#8211; Explained, pointwise<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The new net-zero approach will require dramatic changes in the power mix and industrial processes.<\/p>\n<p>It will need the share of fossil fuel to fall from 85% now to 20% by 2070, assuming a high use of hydrogen technology and carbon capture strategies.<\/p>\n<h5>What are some potential benefits of a net-zero approach?<\/h5>\n<p>A net-zero approach could bring more benefits over time:<\/p>\n<p><strong>India will be spared from re-fitting obligations<\/strong>: Much of India\u2019s wealth is yet to be created. 60% of India\u2019s capital stock \u2014 factories and buildings that will exist in 2040 \u2014 is yet to be built. The country can potentially leapfrog into new green technology, rather than being overburdened with \u201cre-fitting\u201d obligations, like developed countries.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Better market access<\/strong>: Despite India\u2019s large domestic market, exports are a critical driver of overall GDP growth. They open up new markets, bring in international competition, forcing the domestic industry to become more efficient. Further, they push up FDI inflows and technical know-how. All high-growth periods in India have had the support of fast-growing exports. If India\u2019s exports achieve a green stamp, they&#8217;ll find better market access.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Employment opportunities<\/strong>: 2-2.5 million additional jobs can be created in the renewables sector by 2050, as the renewable energy technologies tend to be more labour intensive than conventional energy technologies. In fact, distributed renewables such as small-scale hydro, rooftop solar and biomass create most jobs per unit of installed capacity.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>What measures need to be implemented?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Sorting discom issues<\/strong>: The finances of <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/discom-sector-in-india-challenges-solutions-explained-pointwise\/\">power distribution companies<\/a><\/strong><\/span> need to be improved to fund the grid upgrades necessary for scaling up renewables. This would require a host of reforms, including having a truly independent regulator who ensures market pricing of power tariffs, incentives that speed up smart metering and plug T&amp;D losses, and policies that lead to the privatisation of discoms.<\/p>\n<p>India needs a coordinated institutional framework that can help overcome multiple levels of complexity like federalism, fiscal constraints and bureaucracy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Funding the transition to clean energy<\/strong>: The energy investment requirement will be high, rising from about $70-80 billion per year now to $160 billion per year. Alongside this, a similar amount will be needed for transportation and other infrastructure. While the private sector will be required to fund much of this, the government can play a pivotal role, especially in the early days.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"gs22\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/burning-problem-fast-urbanising-india-cant-be-cavalier-on-safety-have-pathetic-fire-fighting-infrastructure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Burning problem: Fast urbanising India can\u2019t be cavalier on safety &amp; have pathetic fire-fighting infrastructure<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong>This post is based on the article &#8220;<strong>Burning problem: Fast urbanising India can\u2019t be cavalier on safety &amp; have pathetic fire-fighting infrastructure&#8221;\u00a0<\/strong>published in the <strong>Times of India\u00a0<\/strong>on\u00a0<strong>10th November 2021.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Syllabus:\u00a0<\/strong>GS3 &#8211; Disaster Management.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Relevance:\u00a0<\/strong>Understanding the cause behind the increase in fire-related deaths.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong>There is a need to adopt various mechanisms to control fire incidents.<\/p>\n<p>There are many loose ends in ensuring the fire safety standards. In 2019 alone, India recorded 10,915 deaths due to fire accidents. Recently, a fire broke out in a hospital in Maharashtra, which led to the loss of 11 lives.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Where do the fire incidents, mostly occur?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Most of the fire fatalities occur in residential buildings.<\/p>\n<p>In 2019, compared to 2% fatalities in factories, fire fatalities in residential areas counts to 58%.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, the focus has to be on residential buildings in order to cut down both accidents and related fatalities.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, Urbanisation is growing fast, with about half of the population in a few states living in urban areas. Tightly packed urban clusters mean a higher likelihood of accidents.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more:<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-issue-of-urban-fires-in-india-explained-pointwise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The issue of Urban Fires in India \u2013 Explained, pointwise<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5><strong>What steps need to be taken?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>&#8211; Adoption of guidelines-<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/guidelines-of-national-building-code-to-ensure-fire-safety-in-public-buildings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guidelines of National Building Code to Ensure Fire Safety in Public buildings<\/a> should be adopted in letter and spirit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; Allocation of resources: <\/strong>Fire safety standards fall under the municipality which is often resourced deprived. Government should ensure proper allocation of resources to them.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; Proper infrastructure: <\/strong>Fire-fighting infrastructure needs to be bolstered. In 2018, there were barely 10 people for every 100 needed and about 22 vehicles for 100 assessed as the requirement.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/need-for-fire-safety-training-and-technologies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Need for Fire Safety training and technologies<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>India should learn from other countries like the USA which in 2017 reported over a million fire incidents, but maintaining High safety standards, it ensured to reduce fatalities to one per lakh population.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"p-3 mb-2 bg-info text-red text-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Prelims Orie<\/strong><strong>nted Articles (Factly)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><a id=\"f1\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/explained-why-is-india-hosting-an-nsas-meeting-on-afghanistan-with-regional-players\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Explained: Why is India hosting an NSAs\u2019 meeting on Afghanistan with regional players?<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>What is the News<\/strong>: India is hosting the \u2018Delhi Regional Security Dialogue on Afghanistan\u2019.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>About the dialogue<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>India is hosting the NSAs of 7 other countries including Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.<\/p>\n<p>The first such meeting of NSAs was organized in Iran. Afghanistan, Iran, Russia, China, and India participated in it. Pakistan and China were also invited but didn\u2019t participate in it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Goal: <\/strong>To address the security concerns arising due to new developments in Afghanistan. It will address five sets of challenges from Afghanistan. 1) Terrorism, 2) Radicalisation and extremism 3) Cross-border movement of people 4) Drugs 5) weapons and equipment left behind by the US<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Significance of the dialogue<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>It is for the first time that all Central Asian countries, and not just Afghanistan\u2019s immediate neighbours, are participating in this format.<\/p>\n<p>It will increase the possibility of India\u2019s participation in deciding the future course of action towards Afghanistan.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>How this meeting is different from the other initiatives on Afghanistan?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>This meeting is different from other initiatives like the Heart of Asia process or the Moscow format.<\/p>\n<p>This meeting is not taking place among diplomats or foreign ministries, so, this is not a protocol-oriented meeting. It is happening between the security heads of the countries. They are in a better position for \u201cpractical cooperation\u201d among countries\u2014 from intelligence sharing to information gathering to counter-terrorism capacity-building.<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This post Is developed based on the\u00a0article\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201dExplained: Why is India hosting an NSAs\u2019 meeting on Afghanistan with regional players?<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201d published in\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Indian Express\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">on\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">th<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> November 2021.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f2\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/at-least-420-million-hectares-forest-lost-since-1990-survey\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">At least 420 million hectares forest lost since 1990: Survey<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has released the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) 2020 Remote Sensing Survey<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the FRA 2020 Remote Sensing Survey?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Survey was launched by FAO in 2018. The objectives of the survey are two-fold:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To build country capacities to use remote sensing for forest monitoring.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To generate independent, robust and consistent estimates of forest area and its changes over time at global, regional and biome levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><b>What are the key findings of the survey?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Around<\/span><b> 420 million hectares of forest has been lost <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">since 1990.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>The major cause of deforestation<\/strong>: Conversion of forest to cropland or grassland for livestock grazing is the prime cause. Almost 90% of deforestation worldwide <\/span><b>was due to agricultural expansion<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most of the deforestation was in the<\/span><b> tropical biomes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during 2000-2018.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main deforestation reasons <\/span><b>differ across the world\u2019s regions. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reasons are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agriculture is the main reason for deforestation in all regions except Europe, where urban and infrastructure development have a higher impact<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conversion to cropland dominates forest loss in Africa and Asia<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In South America, almost three-quarters of deforestation was due to livestock grazing<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the survey has also found that there has been a <\/span><b>slowdown in global deforestation.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article <\/span><b>\u201c<\/b><b>At least 420 million hectares of forest lost since 1990: Survey<\/b><b>\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published in <\/span><b>Down To Earth <\/b>on<b> 9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f3\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/delivery-of-fourth-scorpene-submarine-vela-to-indian-navy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DELIVERY OF FOURTH SCORPENE SUBMARINE \u2018VELA\u2019 TO INDIAN NAVY<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Indian Navy has taken delivery of its fourth Scorpene-class submarine named \u2018Vela\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>About INS Vela<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">INS Vela is the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fourth submarine under Project 75 for the Indian Navy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a diesel-electric attack submarine based on the Scorp\u00e8ne class.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><b>Read more:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/ins-karanj\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> What are Scorpene Class Submarines?<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5><b>About Project 75<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Project \u2013 75 includes the construction of six submarines of Scorpene design.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These submarines are being constructed at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) Mumbai, under collaboration with M\/s Naval Group, France.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among them, three submarines namely INS Karanj, INS Kalvari and INS Khanderi are functional. The fourth one INS Vela was delivered now.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fifth one INS Vagir was launched in 2020 and the sixth one, INS Vagsheer is under construction.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/explained-indias-submarine-strength\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Explained: India\u2019s submarine strength<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Source:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This post is based on the article <\/span><b>\u201c<\/b><b>DELIVERY OF FOURTH SCORPENE SUBMARINE \u2018VELA\u2019 TO INDIAN NAVY<\/b><b>\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published in <\/span><b>PIB <\/b>on<b> 9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f4\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/exhorts-more-companies-from-the-heavy-industries-sector-to-join-the-global-lead-it-leadership-group-for-industry-transition-initiative\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exhorts more companies from the Heavy industries sector to join the global LEAD-IT (Leadership Group for Industry Transition) initiative<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the sidelines of COP 26 in Glasgow, the LeadIT (Leadership Group for Industry transition) Summit 2021 was held in hybrid mode presided by India and Sweden.<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Leadership<\/b><b> Group for Industry Transition(LeadIT)?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><b>Launched by<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: LeadIT was launched by the Prime Ministers of Sweden and India with support from the <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/world-economic-forumwef\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Economic Forum (WEF)<\/a> during the UN Secretary-General\u2019s Climate Action Summit in 2019, in New York.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Purpose: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voluntary initiative for promoting low-carbon transition through active participation of private sector companies. Especially in the sectors like Iron &amp; Steel, Aluminium, Cement and Concrete, petrochemicals, fertilisers, bricks, heavy-duty transport.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Members:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Currently, the Group has a membership of 16 countries and 19 companies including Dalmia Cement, Mahindra Group and SpiceJet from India.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Secretariat:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hosted by Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), Sweden.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the significance of the LeadIT Initiative?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Industry sectors together contribute about 30% of the total CO2 emissions. Hence, initiatives like LeadIT to drive low carbon development pathways in the industry sector are critical for achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><b>Exhorts more companies from the Heavy industries sector to join the global LEAD-IT (Leadership Group for Industry Transition) initiative<\/b><b>\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published in<\/span><b> PIB <\/b>on <strong>9<\/strong><b>th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f5\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/union-environment-minister-inaugurates-the-ganga-connect-exhibition-at-glasgow-amidst-cop-26\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Union Environment Minister Inaugurates The Ganga Connect Exhibition At Glasgow Amidst COP-26<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Union Minister for Environment, Forest &amp; Climate Change and Labour &amp; Employment has inaugurated the Ganga Connect exhibition at the City of Glasgow College amid the COP26 meeting.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Ganga Connect exhibition?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><b>Ganga Connect Exhibition <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is an effort to present the level of development in the Ganga river basin to the global community of environmental stakeholders who have gathered in Glasgow for the United Nations (UN) Conference of the Parties (COP-26) meeting.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Organized by: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/initiatives-under-namami-gange-programme\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG),<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> c-Ganga and the High Commission of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Coverage of Exhibition: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ganga Connect Exhibition has started in Glasgow. It will run through various cities in the UK including Cardiff, Birmingham, Oxford and will finally end in London.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is cGanga?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Centre for Ganga River Basin Management and Studies (cGanga) was established at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (IITK) in 2016.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Purpose: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Centre is a Centre of Excellence for data collection,\u00a0 the creation and dissemination of knowledge and information for the sustainable development of the Ganga River Basin.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The centre acts in the capacity of a comprehensive think-tank <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><b>Union Environment Minister Inaugurates The Ganga Connect Exhibition At Glasgow Amidst COP-26<\/b><b>\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published in<\/span><b> PIB <\/b>on<b> 9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f6\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/pakistan-blocks-gofirst-flight-how-it-flouts-freedom-of-air\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pakistan blocks GoFirst flight: How it flouts freedom of air<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has launched a direct flight between Srinagar and Sharjah (UAE). The flight was to operate through Pakistani airspace. However, the flight was denied permission to enter Pakistan and the flight had to take a longer route to reach the destination. This has raised the concern of Pakistan violating the first freedom of the air.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is Freedom of Air?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The freedom of air means a country grants airlines of a particular country the privilege to use and\/or land in another country\u2019s airspace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom of air rule emanates from the Chicago Convention.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Chicago Convention?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Convention on International Civil Aviation, which is more commonly known as the \u2018Chicago Convention\u2019 was drafted in 1944.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u200b\u200bconvention established the core principles permitting international transport by air. It also led to the creation of the specialized agency which has overseen the convention ever since \u2013 the International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">convention provides Nine freedoms of air, but only the first five freedoms have been officially recognized by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO).<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What are the First five Freedom of Air?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><b><i>First Right, <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is granted by one State to another State or States to fly across its territory without landing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Second Right, <\/i><\/b>O<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ne State can grant another State or States to land in its territory for non-traffic purposes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Third Right, <\/i><\/b>to put down, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from the home State of the carrier.<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Fourth Right,<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic destined for the home State of the carrier.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Fifth Right, <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to put down and to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from or destined to a third State.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><b>Pakistan blocks GoFirst flight: How it flouts freedom of air<\/b><b>\u201d <\/b>published in <b>Indian Express <\/b>on <b>9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f7\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-retains-slot-in-top-10-on-climate-performance-index-china-at-37-us-55\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">India retains slot in top 10 on climate performance index; China at 37, US 55<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Climate Change Performance Index 2022 has been released by <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Germanwatch, the New Climate Institute, and the Climate Action Network.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Climate Change Performance Index?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Climate Change Performance Index(CCPI) is an independent monitoring tool for tracking the climate protection performance of 60 countries and the EU &#8211; covering 92% of the Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Aim:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To enhance transparency in international climate politics and enable comparison of climate protection efforts and progress made by individual countries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Categories: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CCPI assesses each country\u2019s performance in four categories: GHG Emissions (40% of the overall ranking), Renewable Energy (20%), Energy Use (20%) and Climate Policy (20%).<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What are the key findings of CCPI 2022?<\/b><\/h5>\n<figure id=\"attachment_145856\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-145856\" style=\"width: 529px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-145856 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/87615533.jpg.jpg?resize=529%2C454&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"529\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/87615533.jpg.jpg?w=635&amp;ssl=1 635w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/87615533.jpg.jpg?resize=300%2C257&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-145856\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: TOI<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>The first three ranks of the overall rankings<\/strong> were kept empty because no country had performed well enough in all index categories to achieve an overall very high rating.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Topped by<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Denmark has been placed<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 4th. It is the highest-ranked country in CCPI 2022 but does not perform well enough to achieve an overall very high rating.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>India: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has been ranked in 10th place. India\u2019s performance was rated <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">high <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the GHG Emissions, Energy Use, and Climate Policy categories, and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">medium <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in Renewable Energy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>China and USA:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> China, the biggest current polluter, was ranked at 37th position (down from 33rd last year). The second most current emitter, the US, was at 55th spot.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><strong>India retains slot in top 10 on climate performance index; China at 37, US 55<\/strong><b>\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published in <\/span><b>TOI on 10th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f8\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/towards-better-adaptation-global-model-to-assess-resilience-to-climate-risks-launched\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Towards better adaptation: Global model to assess resilience to climate risks launched<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Global Resilience Index Initiative (GRII) has been launched at COP26.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Global Resilience Index Initiative(GRII)?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><b>GRII<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a public-private partnership initiative <\/span>launched <strong>to build a universal model for assessing resilience to climate risks.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Aim: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">help <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">global economic sectors understand the value of building climate resilience and the costs of doing nothing.This will help <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">address the data emergency that is contributing to the climate crisis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Objectives of GRII:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The coalition wants to achieve two immediate goals:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>First, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">they want to provide global open reference risk data developed using insurance risk modelling principles.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Second,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> they want to provide shared standards and facilities applicable to a wide range of uses: Corporate climate risk disclosure, national adaptation planning and reporting, and the planning of pre-arranged humanitarian finance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Partners Institutions:<\/strong> GRII has been initiated with partial funding and in-kind contributions from the insurance sector and partner institutions such as\u00a0<strong>C<\/strong><strong>o<\/strong><strong>alition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) <\/strong>among others.<\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the significance of this GRII initiative?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p>It\u00a0will be the <strong>world\u2019s first curated, open-source reference index.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The initiative could enable <strong>asset owners to compare portfolio risks<\/strong> across geographies and hazards as well as helping countries to prioritise national adaptation investments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This post is based on the article<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><b>Towards better adaptation: Global model to assess resilience to climate risks launched<\/b><b>\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published in<\/span><b> Down To Earth on 9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f9\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/dst-selects-2020-swarna-jayanti-fellows\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DST selects 2020 Swarna Jayanti Fellows<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Department of Science &amp; Technology (DST) has selected 17 scientists for the Swarna Jayanti fellowship.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Swarna Jayanti fellowship?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swarna Jayanti Fellowships scheme was instituted by the Government of India to commemorate India&#8217;s fiftieth year of Independence (1997).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under the scheme, a selected number of young scientists are provided special assistance and support to enable them to pursue basic research in frontier areas of science and technology.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Duration: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For a period not exceeding five years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scientists selected for the fellowship will be allowed to pursue unfettered research with freedom and flexibility in terms of expenditure as approved in the research plan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The project should contain innovative research ideas, and it should have the potential of making an impact on R&amp;D in the discipline. The fellowships are scientist specific and not institution-specific, very selective and have close academic monitoring.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>Nature of Support<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The award consists of a Fellowship of Rs 25000\/- per month in addition to the salary drawn from the parent Institute for a period of 5 years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fellows selected along with their projects will be considered for funding by the Science &amp; Engineering Research Board (SERB).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article <\/span><b>\u201c<\/b><b>DST selects 2020 Swarna Jayanti Fellows<\/b><b>\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published in <\/span><b>PIB on 9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f10\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/new-climate-pledges-barely-affect-global-warming-un\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New Climate Pledges barely affect global warming: UN<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP) has released an update to their <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/world-temp-set-for-2-7c-rise-on-current-emission-pledges\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emissions Gap Report 2021.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h5><b>What are the key findings of the report?<\/b><\/h5>\n<figure id=\"attachment_145836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-145836\" style=\"width: 482px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-145836 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/FDwZXSTVEAc-zCl.jpeg?resize=482%2C395&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/FDwZXSTVEAc-zCl.jpeg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/FDwZXSTVEAc-zCl.jpeg?resize=300%2C246&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/FDwZXSTVEAc-zCl.jpeg?resize=1024%2C838&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/FDwZXSTVEAc-zCl.jpeg?resize=768%2C628&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-145836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Climate Action Tracker<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several Countries have announced <strong>new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs) or emissions pledges<\/strong> during the COP26 climate summit. For example, India has announced a target to be carbon-neutral by 2070.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, after the assessment of these new pledges, it was found that the <strong>outcome was very similar,<\/strong> largely because the <strong>most ambitious emissions cuts are envisaged after 2030.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moreover, the report has found that there is a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>huge gap<\/strong> between the <strong>emissions cuts<\/strong> needed this decade to keep warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius and the <strong>continuing increases in greenhouse gases<\/strong> pumped into the atmosphere.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hence, the report has projected that the country&#8217;s renewed NDCs would see <strong>emissions increase by 13.7% till 2030<\/strong> before sharply declining thereafter. But to keep in line with 1.5 degrees Celsius, emissions must fall 45% by then.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><b>New Climate Pledges barely affect global warming: UN<\/b><b>\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published in <\/span><b>The Hindu <\/b>on<b> 10th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f11\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/union-minister-for-social-justice-and-empowerment-releases-training-modules-of-central-sector-scheme\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment Releases Training Modules of Central Sector Scheme<\/a><\/h3>\n<h5><b>What is the News?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment has released the Training Modules of the Central Sector Scheme.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the training module of the Central Sector Scheme?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first-of-its-kind initiative aimed at sensitising all government functionaries of the various Acts and Central Sector schemes for Persons with Disabilities(PwD).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Developed by<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Training Modules have been developed by the Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI).<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>What is the Rehabilitation Council of India(RCI)?<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><b>RCI was initially <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">set up as a registered society in 1986. In 1992, the Rehabilitation Council of India Act was enacted by Parliament, and it became a Statutory Body in 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><b>Functions of RCI<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To develop, standardize and regulate training programmes\/ courses at various levels in the field of Rehabilitation and Special Education.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To maintain the Central Rehabilitation Register for qualified Professionals\/ Personnel and promote Research in Special Education.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To take punitive action against unqualified persons delivering services to persons with disabilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This post is based on the article <\/span><b>\u201c<\/b><b>Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment Releases Training Modules of Central Sector Scheme<\/b><b>\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published in <\/span><b>PIB <\/b>on <b>9th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><a id=\"f12\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/explained-how-srinagar-earned-unesco-creative-tag\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Explained: How Srinagar earned UNESCO creative tag<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b>Source:\u00a0<\/b>This post is based on the following article <b>\u201c<\/b><b>UNESCO picks Srinagar as creative city<\/b><b>\u201d<\/b>\u00a0published in<b> Indian Express <\/b>on <b>10th November 2021.<\/b><\/p>\n<h5>What is the news?<\/h5>\n<p>Recently, UNESCO has selected <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/unesco-picks-srinagar-as-creative-city\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Srinagar as part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN)<\/a> under the Crafts and Folk Arts category. Srinagar became one of 49 cities worldwide to join the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN).<\/p>\n<h5>About the inclusion of Srinagar in UCCN<\/h5>\n<p>The Indian National Commission for Cooperation with UNESCO had recommended Srinagar and Gwalior for inclusion in the list of UCCN. Only Srinagar got included in the list.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: Srinagar had applied in 2018 too, but that application got rejected.<\/p>\n<h5>About the Art &amp; craft of Srinagar<\/h5>\n<p>Entire central Kashmir is known for its varied craft traditions. Srinagar, Ganderbal and Budgam districts of Kashmir are known for ages in making handicrafts products. Such as textiles, carpets and rugs, crewel embroidery, silverware, woodwork and papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9 (moulded, a repulped paper that has been mixed with glue or paste).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wooden Crafts<\/strong>: The wood comes from walnut trees, which grow at 7,000 feet above sea level. These woods are used to make tables, jewellery boxes and trays.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/new-initiative-in-jk-to-restore-lost-glory-of-pashmina-shawls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Pashmina shawl<\/strong><\/a>: It is one of the best-quality shawls in the world, made up of wild Asian mountain goats. Srinagar region is the epicentre of high-quality, intricately woven woollen material like shawls, carpets and rugs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_145822\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-145822\" style=\"width: 329px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-145822\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Papier-mache.png?resize=329%2C235&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9\" width=\"329\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Papier-mache.png?w=753&amp;ssl=1 753w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Papier-mache.png?resize=300%2C214&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-145822\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9<br \/>Source: Swadesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>It is said to have been brought to Kashmir by saint Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani from Persia in the 14th century. It is based primarily on creating colourful utility and decorative objects using paper pulp \u2014 vases, bowls, cups, boxes, trays and lamp bases. The art is concentrated mainly around downtown Srinagar and employs around 35,000 artisans.<\/p>\n<h5>Benefits of the UCCN tag to Srinagar<\/h5>\n<p>The crafts have been struggling ever since the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019 put artisans in an indefinite lockdown, followed by the Covid-19 lockdown. Besides, frequent Internet shutdowns have cut artisans off from the rest of the country.<\/p>\n<p>The UCCN tag would not only give global recognition to Srinagar but also help it in getting international funding, making tie-ups with craft universities, and pitching crafts as products.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: For the first time, Union Territory Administration will create a database of their expertise and help them showcase products to a global audience.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dear Friends We have initiated some changes in the 9 PM Brief and other postings related to current affairs.\u00a0What we sought to do: Ensure that all relevant facts, data, and arguments from today\u2019s newspaper are readily available to you. We have widened the sources to provide you with content that is more than enough and&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-november-10th-2021\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 November 10th, 2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":80068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"9pm-brief-template.php","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[8032,1542,8033],"class_list":["post-145931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","tag-current-affairs-for-upsc","tag-daily-current-affairs-for-upsc","tag-upsc-current-affairs","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/9-PM-Brief-1-e1615452440806.png?fit=600%2C335&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145931\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}