{"id":15625,"date":"2018-02-13T12:34:55","date_gmt":"2018-02-13T07:04:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=15625"},"modified":"2018-02-09T17:35:35","modified_gmt":"2018-02-09T12:05:35","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-february-12-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-february-12-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 February 12, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1) What do you mean by Gender Responsive Budgeting? What are the schemes and initiatives taken to encourage and empower women in the recent the Union Budget 2018? (GS-3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gender-responsive budgeting seeks to ensure that the collection and allocation of public resources is carried out in ways that are <\/span><b>effective and contribute to advancing gender equality and women\u2019s empowerment.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gender-responsive budgeting is <\/span><b>not about creating separate budgets for women, or solely increasing spending on women\u2019s programs.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It should be based on in-<\/span><b>depth analysis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that identifies effective interventions for <\/span><b>implementing policies and laws that advance women\u2019s rights.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span><b>provides tools to assess<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the different needs and contributions of men and women, and boys and girls within the existing revenues, expenditures and allocations and calls for adjusting budget policies to benefit all groups.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Schemes and initiatives taken to encourage and empower women in the recent the Union Budget 2018:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Schemes and initiatives taken to encourage and empower women in the recent the Union Budget 2018 are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Budget allocation:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The total budget allocation to the Department of Women and Child Development will be <\/span><b>Rs 24700 crores for the FY 2018-19.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Schemes and initiatives:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan \u2013 Kusum Scheme:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Central government has announced Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan \u2013 Kusum Scheme for farmers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kusum Scheme will <\/span><b>solarize agricultural pump sets <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to double the income of farmers by 2022.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Solar Charkha Scheme:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Government of India has introduced Solar Charkha Scheme under Solar Spindle Mission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its objective is to generate <\/span><b>women employment with five crore jobs and promote khadi.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Take-home salary:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Take-home salary of new women employees<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to go up in the formal sector.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government will fund <\/span><b>12% of wages for new employees<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of Employees&#8217; Provident Fund (EPF) in all sectors<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Rate of the EPF for women:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The EPF contribution from women employees will be b<\/span><b>rought down from 12 per cent to 8 per cent<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in their first three years of employment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For this, the <\/span><b>Employees Provident Fund Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> will be amended accordingly.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Self-help groups:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Women <\/span><b>self-help groups<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> will be encouraged to take up <\/span><b>organic farming.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Loans to women self-help groups:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loans to women self-help groups will <\/span><b>increase to Rs 75,000 crore by March 2019.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Electricity connections:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under-privileged women will get <\/span><b>four crore electricity connections<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under Saubhagya Yojana.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Mudra Yojana:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The allocation for Mudra Yojana, which provides entrepreneurship loans to those who may not otherwise be able to access funds, has been <\/span><b>raised from Rs 2.44 lakh crore to Rs 3 lakh crore.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2) Discuss the problems plaguing the Indian Judiciary for which it is losing its sheen. What are some of the steps taken by the government in order to address the same? (GS\u20132)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our judicial system prides itself in being one of the greatest things to have happened to Indian Democracy. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sadly, it is losing quite a lot of its sheen courtesy taking very long to clear cases which have been affected quite a few people some numbering in tens of thousands.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Problems faced by Indian Judiciary:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The problems faced by Indian Judiciary are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is much<\/span><b> delay in judgment and huge pendency <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Lack of judges and inefficient management is<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the reason behind delay in justice delivery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Inadequate data on pending cases <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>lack of scientific maintenance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of data makes it difficult to analyse problems and propose sustainable solutions for the judiciary.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is <\/span><b>no unanimity on the number of judges in the country.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lot of <\/span><b>cases are entertained under article 136,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which would otherwise <\/span><b>not fall in the criminal\/appellate\/advisory jurisdictions.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Often the judges have to <\/span><b>hear cases related to technical matters<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as taxation, environmental policy etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>There is lack of infrastructure <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and manpower shortage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Judicial proceedings are <\/span><b>prohibitively expensive and confusing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for commoners and <\/span><b>delay in justice delivery has denied gainful opportunities for many.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Judiciary <\/span><b>lacks expertise in dealing with new age problems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like Corp Tax, Cyber laws, International treaties, Climate change and its conservative attitude is exploited and corrupt go scot free.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Corruption <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is also an major issue in judicial system as it is any other government department especially in lower courts increasing transparency and accountability corruption can be bought down.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Absence of separate Commercial Courts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to adjudicate on disputes of civil nature resulting in large number of pending civil suits related to various business and services related disputes in the high courts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Following steps were taken by the government to address the above mentioned problems are:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Steps taken by the government to address the problems faced by Indian judiciary are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Tribunals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Tribunals have been set up to deal with technical matters and appeals against their orders are usually capped.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Special benches<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like the social justice bench have been set up.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Quasi judicial bodies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like NHRC take some load off the judiciary<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently India has seen efforts like separate benches for Trade disputes, Tribunals, Lok Adalats and Rural courts, NJAC, release of undertrials, PIL etc to unclog .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3) Section 375 of the IPC now states that sexual intercourse or acts with a man with his own wife, not being under eighteen years of age, is not rape. What do you understand by marital rape? Do you think that government\u2019s refusal to criminalize marital rape is unjust and inconsistent? Comment critically. (GS- 1) <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marital rape or spousal rape is the <\/span><b>act of sexual intercourse with one\u2019s spouse without the consent of the other spouse.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, Section 375 of the IPC now states that sexual intercourse or acts with a man with his own wife, not being under eighteen years of age, is not rape.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Government\u2019s refusal to criminalize marital rape:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes, to an extent, government\u2019s refusal to criminalize marital rape is unjust and inconsistent.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When a woman says she is sexually violated, that is not the only thing happening to her \u2013 <\/span><b>it is often coupled with the husband not giving money, or beating her.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marital rape is a <\/span><b>form of domestic violence and sexual abuse.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although it was once widely unrecognized by law and society as wrong or as a crime, it is now recognized as <\/span><b>rape by many societies around the world,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> repudiated by <\/span><b>international conventions, and increasingly criminalized.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The issues of sexual and domestic violence within marriage and the family unit, and more generally, the issue of violence against women, have come to <\/span><b>growing international attention from the second half of the 20th century.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Misuse of law against marital rape:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marital rape is difficult, practically impossible to <\/span><b>prove or disprove.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are several <\/span><b>questions that remain unanswered by those demanding a new law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to deal specifically with marital rape.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>What may appear to be marital rape<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to an individual wife, it <\/span><b>may not appear so to others.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As to <\/span><b>what constitutes marital rape and what would constitute marital non-rape<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> needs to be defined precisely before a view on its criminalization is taken<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If <\/span><b>all sexual acts by a man with his own wife will qualify to be marital rape,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> then the judgment as to whether it is a marital rape or not <\/span><b>will singularly rest with the wife.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives\u00a0 Q.1) What do you mean by Gender Responsive Budgeting? What are the schemes and initiatives taken to encourage and empower women in the recent the Union Budget 2018? (GS-3) Introduction: Gender-responsive budgeting seeks to ensure that the collection and allocation of public resources is carried out in ways that are effective and contribute to&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-february-12-2018\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 February 12, 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704833028},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15625"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15625\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}