{"id":16713,"date":"2018-03-07T12:46:43","date_gmt":"2018-03-07T07:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=16713"},"modified":"2018-03-07T10:47:37","modified_gmt":"2018-03-07T05:17:37","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-6-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-6-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 6, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1) Gender inequality is one of the most criticized provisions of Article 35 A. Explain and also highlight the other controversies and significance attached with it. (GS \u2013 2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 35A of the Indian Constitution is an article that empowers the Jammu &amp; Kashmir state\u2019s legislature to define \u201cpermanent residents\u201d of the state and provide special rights and privileges to those permanent residents.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also empowers the state\u2019s legislature to frame any law without attracting a challenge on grounds of violating the Right to Equality of people from other states or any other right under the Indian Constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 35A permits the legislature of Jammu and Kashmir to define a list of \u201cpermanent residents\u201d of the state, who are eligible to vote, work for the state government, own land and property within the state as well as secure public employments and college admissions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What are the criticisms of Article 35A?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The criticisms of Article 35A are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The provisions of Article 35 A violates the right of women to marry a man of their choice by not giving the heirs any right to property, it the women marries a man not holding permanent residence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, Article 35A suffers from the violation of Article 14, equality before the law.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The entire industrial sector and private sector suffers due to the property ownership restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Students are facing problems in taking admission in colleges.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The barring of the outsiders to buy land in J&amp;K raises the issue of Right to equality(Article14-16).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Along with the validity of article 370, this article is being challenged for its existence and longevity in the Indian constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 35A was not added by parliamentary procedure under article 368. It has been enacted by executive order by president and it has to procedure by legislature procedure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It prohibits a non-resident from owning property in the State of J&amp;K, is discriminatory and violates Art 19(d) and Article 19(e)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2) Discuss the provisions of the new draft National Automotive Policy through which the government targets for a holistic development of automobile sector in India. What are the drawbacks in achieving the objectives of the new draft National Automotive Policy? (GS \u2013 2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises is working for formulating the National Automotive Policy for holistic development of automobile sector in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>The provisions of National Automotive Policy are as follows:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adopt a long-term roadmap for emission standards beyond <\/span><b>Bharat Stage (BS) VI <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and harmonize the same with <\/span><b>global standards by 2028.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Rollout Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> norms till 2025 and beyond and setup incentives\/ penalties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adopt a <\/span><b>composite criterion based on length and CO2 emissions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to classify vehicles for differential taxation purposes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Harmonize automotive standards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> over the next 5 years in line with <\/span><b>WP-29.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Improve the skill development and training eco-system, increase accountability of <\/span><b>Automotive Skills Development Council<\/b> <b>(ASDC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and implement a <\/span><b>Labor Market Information System.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Retain tax exemption<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on different levels of <\/span><b>Research &amp; Development expenditure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with strong audit control.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Scale-up of indigenous R&amp;D<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with commercially viable innovations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Harmonize <\/span><b>Applicant Information System<\/b> <b>(AIS)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">standards on safety critical parts over next 3 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fast track adoption of <\/span><b>Bharat New Vehicle Safety Assessment Program.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It proposes creation of a nodal body with a two-tier structure having an <\/span><b>Apex Body supported by the National Automotive Council (NAC).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b> What are the drawbacks in achieving the objectives of the new draft National Automotive Policy?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The loopholes in the new draft National Automotive Policy are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Differences between the standards of new and replacement parts:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discrepancies between the standards of new and replacement parts can cause major issues in safety, emissions, and performance of the vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Dual certification requirements:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dual certification requirements lead to higher cost of compliance for smaller manufacturers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Poor domestic capability:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor domestic capability for producing components used in green vehicles will be a major bottleneck for shifting to cleaner vehicles.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Absence of a long-term industry roadmap:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, the automobile industry needs a long-term visibility of automotive regulations and avoids any uncertainty on the future requirement of technologies, testing and skills.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Shortage of skilled manpower:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The automotive industry in India is in continuous need of skilled manpower, given the limited training capacity and employability of the trained workforce.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Issues with the supply chain infrastructure:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inadequate development of logistics and supply chain infrastructure in India leads to inefficiencies, delays and high costs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3) Give a brief account of Coral diversity in India. Also discuss the factors which lead to decrease in coral cover in India. (GS \u2013 3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coral diversity and formation of reefs are centred around four major regions:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Gulf of Kutch<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Lakshadweep atolls<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Gulf of Mannar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Andaman and Nicobar Islands<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Besides these hotspots, patchy reefs are present in other coastal regions, from the coast of Goa and parts of the Malvan marine national park to the Kanyakumari district in southern Tamil Nadu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What factors lead to decrease in coral cover in India?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Factors which lead to decrease in coral cover in India are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s reefs have long being threatened by both natural and human-induced factors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Climate change is the primary factor, with multiple bleaching events occurring in the last two decades, resulting in substantial reductions to coral cover and growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increase atmospheric carbon dioxide have decreased the pH of oceans and resulting in ocean acidification, which seriously hinder the reef building capacity of corals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Activities like coral mining, unregulated tourism, overfishing and construction also have direct and indirect impacts on reef health by destroying the reef structure or disturbing its species balance<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives Q.1) Gender inequality is one of the most criticized provisions of Article 35 A. Explain and also highlight the other controversies and significance attached with it. (GS \u2013 2) Introduction: Article 35A of the Indian Constitution is an article that empowers the Jammu &amp; Kashmir state\u2019s legislature to define \u201cpermanent residents\u201d of the state&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-6-2018\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 6, 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704631449},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16713"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16713\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}