{"id":168164,"date":"2022-02-12T09:00:41","date_gmt":"2022-02-12T03:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=168164"},"modified":"2022-02-11T23:50:50","modified_gmt":"2022-02-11T18:20:50","slug":"answered-state-laws-that-limit-the-rights-of-out-of-state-citizens-are-antithetical-to-the-idea-of-india-as-one-nation-how-do-these-laws-impact-the-fundamental-rights-of-the-citizens-explain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answered-state-laws-that-limit-the-rights-of-out-of-state-citizens-are-antithetical-to-the-idea-of-india-as-one-nation-how-do-these-laws-impact-the-fundamental-rights-of-the-citizens-explain\/","title":{"rendered":"[Answered] State Laws that limit the rights of out-of-state citizens are antithetical to the idea of India as one nation. How do these laws impact the fundamental rights of the citizens? Explain."},"content":{"rendered":"<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Introduction: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mention recent state laws on reservation for locals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Body: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Write the impact of these laws on the fundamental rights in detail.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Conclusion: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Give a way forward.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Constitution has established India as one nation with all citizens having equal fundamental rights to live, travel and work anywhere in the country.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">In the last three years, three states (Andhra Pradesh, Haryana and Jharkhand) have enacted laws that restrict employment for citizens from out side the State.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">These laws have an adverse impact on the fundamental rights of citizens.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Against freedom to carry out any occupation: Article 19 (1)(g)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of the Constitution guarantees <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">freedom to carry out any occupation, trade or business<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> with reasonable restrictions. These Acts, by requiring private businesses to reserve lower end jobs for locals, <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">encroaches upon the citizens right to carry out any occupation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The fundamental right to reside anywhere in the country under Article 19(1)(e) is also impacted, albeit indirectly, due to limit on the right to seek employment in another state.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Against equal opportunity in employment:<\/span><\/b> <b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Article 16<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of the Constitution specifically provides for <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">equality of opportunity for all citizens in public employment<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and prohibits discrimination based on place of birth and residence. However, the article permits only Parliament to make law<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">hat requires residence within a State for appointment to a public office under this provision. Hence, these state laws go against these Fundamental Rights in two aspects\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">This specific <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">limitation based on residence is for public employment and not for private sector jobs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">law needs to be made by Parliament<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, and not by a State legislature.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The law enacted by the Legislative Assembly of Haryana has reserved 75% of the seats for the local residents of the state.<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">In <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Indra Sawhney case in 1992<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, the Supreme Court <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">capped reservations in public services at 50%<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. The breach of 50% limit is violative of the Supreme Court Judgment.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">These state laws apart from violating fundamental rights, also <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">go against the ideal of unity in diversity<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which is a unifying force in Indian society.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:260}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">These laws have adverse economic implications as well.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:260}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">It will increase the cost for the companies.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:260}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">It will hamper migration from poor states, increasing income inequality and trapping them in perpetual poverty.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:260}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">These laws have been challenged in the Judiciary. The Courts, while adjudicating whether these laws violate fundamental rights, should also <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">examine whether they breach the basic structure of the Constitution.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:260}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: Mention recent state laws on reservation for locals. Body: Write the impact of these laws on the fundamental rights in detail. Conclusion: Give a way forward.\u00a0 The Constitution has established India as one nation with all citizens having equal fundamental rights to live, travel and work anywhere in the country.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0In the last three&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answered-state-laws-that-limit-the-rights-of-out-of-state-citizens-are-antithetical-to-the-idea-of-india-as-one-nation-how-do-these-laws-impact-the-fundamental-rights-of-the-citizens-explain\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">[Answered] State Laws that limit the rights of out-of-state citizens are antithetical to the idea of India as one nation. How do these laws impact the fundamental rights of the citizens? Explain.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139,25,9],"tags":[329,6584],"class_list":["post-168164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mains-marathon","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","tag-fundamental-rights","tag-reservation","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168164\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}