{"id":168690,"date":"2022-02-15T09:40:37","date_gmt":"2022-02-15T04:10:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=168690"},"modified":"2022-02-14T22:06:22","modified_gmt":"2022-02-14T16:36:22","slug":"answered-undertrials-comprise-75-of-indias-prison-population-listing-down-the-reasons-for-high-undertrial-prisoners-suggest-remedial-measures-%e2%80%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answered-undertrials-comprise-75-of-indias-prison-population-listing-down-the-reasons-for-high-undertrial-prisoners-suggest-remedial-measures-%e2%80%af\/","title":{"rendered":"[Answered] Undertrials comprise 75% of India\u2019s prison population. Listing down the reasons for high undertrial prisoners suggest remedial measures.\u202f"},"content":{"rendered":"<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Introduction:<\/span><\/b> <span data-contrast=\"none\">Give context of rising number of under trials in India.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Body:<\/span><\/b> <span data-contrast=\"none\">Write the reasons behind the high number of under trials in India. Suggest remedial measures<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Conclusion:<\/span><\/b> <span data-contrast=\"none\">Write effect of high number of under trials and need of solutions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">An undertrial is an <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">unconvicted prisoner<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> who is on trial in a court of law. Data from the NCRB <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2018<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Prison Statistics India-2020<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2019 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">indicates that the number of <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">under trials in Indian prisons crossed 75% (of 4.83 lakh prisoners) by the end of 2020<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, increasing from 65% in 2011.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Reasons for high number of Under trials in prison.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Low capacity of Judicial system<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:\u00a0 India has <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">21.03 judges per million <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">population<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, while the Law commission recommends 50 per million. This along with lack of infrastructure results in <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">large pendency of cases<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> which now has reached <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">over 4 crore cases<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">P<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">oor economic <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">and education levels<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">: A large number of u<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nder<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> trials are poor, illiterate, belonging to the marginalized communities. This along with lack of financial resources leads to inability to get legal aid and pay the bail amount.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Unnecessary arrests and issues of bail system<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">: A Law Commission in its 268th Report observed that over 60% of arrests are unnecessary. The Commission report also highlighted the fact that the rich and the affluent get bail with ease. However, poverty becomes the reason for incarceration of many prisoners, as they are unable to afford bail bonds or provide sureties.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Delay in investigation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">: Investigation and trial process is often delayed by police and prosecution functionaries, one of the reason behind this practice is low<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> \u2018<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Police- Population<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2019 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ratio<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Speedy trial<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> is a fundamental right implicit in the guarantee of life and personal liberty enshrined in Article 21 of the Constitution and under trial imprisonment abridges this right of individuals. Hence, it is imperative to take steps to address the issue of under trials.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Improving capacity of the criminal justice system<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">: Improving capacity of the system by increasing the number functionaries and providing the required infrastructure. <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Police functions<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> should be <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">separated into investigation and law and order duties.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Amendments to bail provisions:\u00a0<\/span><\/b> <span data-contrast=\"none\">The bail provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code shall be amended with emphasis on the early release on bail of under trials as recommended by The Law <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Commission<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. The Supreme Court has also observed that \u201c<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bail is a rule, jail is an exception<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201d.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Avoiding unnecessary arrests: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Creation of Standard operating procedures and relevant training of police personnel to avoid unnecessary arrests.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2022\" data-font=\"Helvetica\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Aid to under trials<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">: Access to free legal aid shall be provided to under trials through NALSA by increasing the capacity and reach of NALSA.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">High number of undertrials in the prison leads to over-crowding and inhuman condition of prisons apart from increasing the expenditure of government on maintenance of prisons. It also impacts the individual\u2019s personal, social and economic life apart from violating fundamentals rights. The Government should implement the recommendations of Law Commission on bail reforms as well as the Justice Mulla Committee recommendations on prison reforms.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: Give context of rising number of under trials in India. Body: Write the reasons behind the high number of under trials in India. Suggest remedial measures.\u00a0 Conclusion: Write effect of high number of under trials and need of solutions.\u00a0 An undertrial is an unconvicted prisoner who is on trial in a court of law.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answered-undertrials-comprise-75-of-indias-prison-population-listing-down-the-reasons-for-high-undertrial-prisoners-suggest-remedial-measures-%e2%80%af\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">[Answered] Undertrials comprise 75% of India\u2019s prison population. Listing down the reasons for high undertrial prisoners suggest remedial measures.\u202f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139,25,9],"tags":[10644],"class_list":["post-168690","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mains-marathon","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","tag-under-trials","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168690","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168690\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}