{"id":17094,"date":"2018-03-15T13:21:38","date_gmt":"2018-03-15T07:51:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=17094"},"modified":"2018-03-14T16:22:27","modified_gmt":"2018-03-14T10:52:27","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-14-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-14-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 14, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1) In the context of the recent judgment on the case of Hadiya, what are the reasons for which the apex court set aside the former judgment of the Kerala High Court? What are the conditions in which courts can intervene in marriages in India? (GS\u20131)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court recognised and upheld Ms. Hadiya\u2019s freedom <\/span><b>\u201cto pursue her future endeavours according to law\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">which means that Ms. Hadiya is <\/span><b>free to leave her college hostel at Salem and join her husband Mr. Shafin Jahan.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The reasons for which the apex court was compelled to set aside the former judgment of the Kerala High Court are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Firstly,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> courts cannot withdraw marriages between two consenting adults or resort to a \u201croving enquiry\u201d on whether the married relationship between a man and woman is based on consent.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Secondly,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> courts cannot investigate whether a person married a good person or a bad person. That\u2019s a personal choice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Thirdly,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the apex court said that marriage and plurality are the fundamental core of our culture. Plurality in India should be zealously guarded.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The moment public law (law of relations between individuals and the State) is allowed to encroach into marriage, the state finds its way to interfere in individual choices of a citizen.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Fourthly, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">it is not just the state, but parents too cannot wield their influence against adults who marry a person of their own choice.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions in which courts can intervene marriages in India are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Protection of Child from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and Child Marriage and Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the case involves a minor woman, and she being enticed to enter a sexual relationship, then there is a case of the man being a pedophile.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Acts covering this offence would be Protection of Child from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and Child Marriage and Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Section 366 of the IPC:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the court finds that there has been abduction followed by a forced marriage, then the court can punish the accused under Section 366 of the IPC which punishes abduction leading to forced marriage or sexual relationship against the woman\u2019s will.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The offence is punishable with up to 10 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Other condition:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When a girl of age 16 marries a man of 70 or 80, the marriage revolves around trafficking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such a marriage may occur due to poverty or ignorance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Courts can indeed intervene in such marriages taking into consideration the inherent mental capacity of the woman or the socio-economic circumstances.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2) Sometime soon in 2018, India\u2019s annual GDP will cross England\u2019s ($2.6 trillion) GDP, it is the result of economic mistakes that it has taken 71 years for 1.2 billion people to cross the output of 66 million people. Elaborate. GS \u2013 3<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sometime soon in 2018, India\u2019s annual GDP will cross England ($2.6 trillion) GDP, but why it has taken 71 years for 1.2 billion people to cross the output of 66 million people.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Explanation:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s pathetic productivity is the result of economic mistakes after 1947.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 1955 Avadi resolution gave us bad phone service, chose colleges over schools, exploded the public sector, and kneecapped capital markets.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The country has only 52 cities with more than 1 million people, only 50 per cent of labour force works outside farms, only 25 per cent of labour force has formal wage employment, only 43 per cent of 14-18 aged kids can solve a basic division problem, only 5 lakh of 30 crore students get an apprenticeship, only 7 million of 63 million enterprises were registered for indirect taxes before GST, and only 1.5 per cent of 1.2 billion citizens paid income taxes before demonetisation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global GDP is churning too; the UK was 10 per cent in 1900, USSR was 14 per cent in 1960, and Japan was 17 per cent in 1990 but they are all now down 70 per cent from those peaks.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whereas, China\u2019s GDP is now four times England because of leadership, luck, and a powerful story.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Conclusion:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India is a new nation with an ancient past; the challenge is thinking about its future with stories that don\u2019t ignore or glorify its past.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, it is not the law of god that people in Asia should be poor and Pakistan is destined for greatness\u201d, but the toxic economic stories of Quaid-e-Awam perpetuated mass poverty and Pakistan\u2019s GDP today is less than Maharashtra.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s old stories were also toxic; but its new stories of formalisation, urbanisation, industrialisation, financialisation and human capital suggest what is happening in India is not once in a decade, or once in a millennium, but once in the lifetime of a country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s new economic stories expand economic and personal freedom and recently made it world\u2019s fastest growing economy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.3) Write short notes on:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) International Solar Alliance (GS \u2013 3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) &#8216;Revenge trading&#8217; in Economy (GS \u2013 3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">c) Living Will (GS -2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) International Solar Alliance (GS \u2013 3)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The International Solar Alliance (ISA) was unveiled by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and then French President Francois Hollande at the U.N. Climate Change Conference in Paris on November 30, 2015.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The idea was to form a coalition of solar resource-rich countries to collaborate on addressing the identified gaps in their energy requirements through a common approach.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Towards this, the ISA has set a target of 1 TW of solar energy by 2030, which current French President Emmanuel Macron said would require $1 trillion to achieve.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ISA is open to 121 prospective member countries, most of them located between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn as this is the region worldwide with a surplus of bright sunlight for most of the year.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So far, however, only 56 countries have signed the ISA Framework Agreement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These include Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote d&#8217;Ivoire, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican, Republic, DR Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gambia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, India, Kiribati, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nauru, Niger, Nigeria, Peru, Rwanda, Sao Tome, Senegal, Seychelles, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Tuvalu, UAE, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela and Yemen.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) &#8216;Revenge trading&#8217; in Economy (GS \u2013 3)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8216;Revenge trading&#8217; refers to a style of trading in financial markets that is motivated purely by the goal of recovering previous losses from the market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The market is seen as an enemy that imposed unjustified losses and the trader is keen on recovering the losses from the market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Traders who engage in revenge trading allow their personal emotions to override their rational thought process during trading, thus increasing the risk of making more mistakes that could lead to further losses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Revenge trading is considered to be one of the major reasons why many traders get wiped out of the market.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">c) Living Will (GS -2)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Living Will is a healthcare directive, in which people can state their wishes for their end-of-life care, in case they are not in a position to make that decision.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An adult with a sound and healthy mind. It should be voluntarily executed and based on informed consent.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It should be expressed in specific terms in a language \u201cabsolutely clear and unambiguous\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The circumstances in which medical treatment should be withheld or withdrawn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It should specify that the Will can be revoked any time<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It should give the name of the \u201cguardian or close relative\u201d who will give the go-ahead for starting the procedure of passive euthanasia<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If there are more than one Living Will, the latest one will be valid.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives Q.1) In the context of the recent judgment on the case of Hadiya, what are the reasons for which the apex court set aside the former judgment of the Kerala High Court? What are the conditions in which courts can intervene in marriages in India? (GS\u20131) Introduction: The Supreme Court recognised and upheld Ms.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-14-2018\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 14, 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":3287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/prelims.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":9,"cached_at":""},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17094"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17094\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}