{"id":17650,"date":"2018-03-24T12:21:16","date_gmt":"2018-03-24T06:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=17650"},"modified":"2018-03-23T17:21:50","modified_gmt":"2018-03-23T11:51:50","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-23-2018-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-23-2018-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 23, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/mains-marathon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.1) According to the recently published, UN World Water Development Report \u201cdams in India have done more harm than good to the cause of water security.\u201d Do you agree with the statement? Justify (GS &#8211; 3)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction: <\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the recently published, UN World Water Development Report \u201cdams in India have done more harm than good to the cause of water security.\u201d <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, an estimated 3.6 billion people (nearly half the global population) live in areas that are potentially water-scarce at least one month per year. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This population could increase to some 4.8 to 5.7 billion by 2050.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Water scarcity can lead to civil unrest, mass migration, and even to conflicts within and between countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Reasons for which dams have done harm to the cause of \u00a0water security:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes, dams in India have done more harm than good to the cause of water security. The are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A century or more of large-scale water development had resulted in major social and ecological impacts, including substantial human displacement, soil erosion and widespread waterlogging.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With India being world&#8217;s largest extractor of ground water, even the water-rich high flood-prone regions like Gangetic basins are facing groundwater depletion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Water withdrawals for irrigation purposes have been identified as the primary driver of groundwater depletion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even though large-scale groundwater recharge programmes have been operating in India for decades, the focus has been on water-scarce areas, with no real emphasis on flood risk management. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, two-thirds of forests and wetland lost globally, soil is eroding and deteriorating in quality.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q.2) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What do you mean by the term \u2018predatory journals\u2019?<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Does it cost any significant harm in the field of \u00a0literature? Explain. (GS &#8211; 1)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction: <\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coined by Jeffrey Beall, a predatory journal is a publication that actively asks researchers for manuscripts. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They have no peer review system and no true editorial board and are often found to publish mediocre or even worthless papers. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Adverse effects of predatory journals in the field of \u00a0literature:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predatory journals pose a number of ethical issues as well as conundrums for authors and academic institutions. Some of them are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predatory journals misrepresent who they are and what services they offer, including not providing peer review, editing and indexing services. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some manuscripts published in predatory journals have plagiarized content and are potentially fraudulent.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predatory journals lack the standards and best practices established by the scholarly publishing community, which evaluate the research and improve the quality of the published work.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predatory journals have no intent of following these best practices since the journal\u2019s sole purpose is to make money.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, Since the journals are founded solely for financial reasons they are likely to cease publication when profits decline or investors turn their attention elsewhere.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predatory journals spam potential authors in unrelated fields with solicitations promising fast publication, whereas legitimate journals selectively contact authors and never guarantee publication.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Authors may knowingly publish in predatory journals and list those publications on their CVs as if they were published in legitimate peer-reviewed journals and citing the articles as legitimate publications misrepresents authors\u2019 scholarly effort. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q3) Write short notes on:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) Middle Palaeolithic (GS &#8211; 1)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) \u2018Neighbourhood First\u2019 policy (GS-2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Middle Palaeolithic:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Middle Paleolithic (or Middle Palaeolithic) is the second subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Middle Paleolithic broadly spanned from 300,000 to 30,000 years ago. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Middle Paleolithic was succeeded by the Upper Paleolithic subdivision which first began between 50,000 and 40,000 years ago. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Modern humans began migrating out of Africa during the Middle Stone Age\/Middle Paleolithic around 100,000 or 70,000 years ago and began to replace earlier pre-existent Homo species such as the Neanderthals and Homo erectus. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, recent discoveries of fossils originating from what is now Israel, indicate that our species (Homo sapians) lived outside of Africa 185,000 years ago; some 85,000 years earlier than previous evidence suggests.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) \u2018Neighbourhood First\u2019 policy:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u201cneighborhood first\u201d policy is the striking feature of Prime Minister Narendra Modi government\u2019s diplomatic approach. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his government\u2019s strategic imagination, India\u2019s relations with neighboring countries must receive topmost priority. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prime Minister Modi selected Bhutan and Nepal for his first visits as part of his \u2018Neighbours First\u2019 foreign policy initiative. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Union budget allocation under \u2018Neighbourhood First\u2019 policy:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The External Affairs Ministry has been allocated a total Rs. 15,011 crore<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For India\u2019s development and diplomatic engagement under the \u2018Neighbourhood First\u2019 policy, the Budget has allocated Rs. 5545 crore.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bhutan has been allocated Rs. 2,650 crore.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nepal has received Rs. 650 crore. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Other allocations of the union budget under \u2018Neighbourhood First\u2019 policy:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For building infrastructure in Chabahar and the Seychelles have also been granted allocations of Rs 150 crore and Rs 350 crore respectively.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Asia University, a major educational initiative for the South Asian region, has received Rs 375 crore and the Nalanda University got Rs 200 crore.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archives Q.1) According to the recently published, UN World Water Development Report \u201cdams in India have done more harm than good to the cause of water security.\u201d Do you agree with the statement? Justify (GS &#8211; 3) Introduction: According to the recently published, UN World Water Development Report \u201cdams in India have done more harm&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-23-2018-2\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 23, 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17650"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17650\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}