{"id":199812,"date":"2022-08-12T17:22:46","date_gmt":"2022-08-12T11:52:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=199812"},"modified":"2022-08-12T17:22:46","modified_gmt":"2022-08-12T11:52:46","slug":"survey-data-on-poverty-and-broad-policy-pointers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/survey-data-on-poverty-and-broad-policy-pointers\/","title":{"rendered":"Survey data on poverty and broad policy pointers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Source<\/strong>: The post is based on the article\u00a0\u201cSurvey data on poverty and broad policy pointers\u201d <\/strong>published in The Hindu <\/b>on\u00a012th<\/sup>\u00a0August 2022<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Syllabus<\/strong>: GS 2 – Issues relating to poverty and hunger.<\/p>\n

Relevance<\/strong>: About the concerns associated with the NFHS data.<\/p>\n

News<\/strong>: Academics have questioned the quality of NFHS data on poverty statistics for various reasons.<\/p>\n

About India’s Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)<\/h5>\n

NITI Aayog used the survey data of NFHS 4 to estimate the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and published the baseline report in 2021. The MPI is a product of the Head Count Ratio and Intensity of Poverty.<\/p>\n

Rationale for the MPI<\/strong>: poverty is the outcome of simultaneous deprivations in multiple functions such as attainments in health, education, and standard of living.<\/p>\n

Calculating method<\/strong>: NITI Aayog identified 12 indicators in these three sectors and calculated the weighted average of deprivations. The proportion of the population with a deprivation score greater than 0.33 to the total population is defined as the Poverty Ratio or Head Count Ratio.<\/p>\n

Estimation of the Intensity of Poverty<\/strong>: is the weighted-average deprivation score of the multidimensionally poor. For instance, the Intensity of Poverty in Tamil Nadu declined from 39.97% to 38.78% during this period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Must read: Poverty ratio 32.75% in rural areas against 8.81% in urban: NITI report<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
What are the concerns associated with the NITI Aayog’s poverty index?<\/h5>\n

Firstly<\/strong>, the overall population was deprived in most of the indicators individually, and they were higher than the population identified as multidimensionally poor.<\/p>\n

Secondly<\/strong>, the strength of the MPI as an instrument for a data-driven public policy depends on the quality of survey data, namely the NFHS data.<\/p>\n

What are the factors affecting the quality of NFHS data?<\/h5>\n

The National Sample Survey Organisation\u2019s (NSSO) sample surveys have been debated among economists and statisticians, both in terms of sampling and non-sample errors<\/strong>, right from its initial days in the 1950s.<\/p>\n

The NFHS data were collected in two time periods<\/strong>. One before the pandemic and the other post-lockdown period. The difference in time period interprets the statistics of the entire database<\/strong>. For instance, the deprivation in terms of nutrition and maternal health declined, and schooling and school attendance increased in the post-lockdown period.<\/p>\n

The other issues with NFHS data are a)<\/strong> Arbitrariness in reporting the age of the dead, b)<\/strong> Differences in data quality between educated and uneducated respondents, c)<\/strong> Data quality based on differences in time taken to complete a survey of different household types, d)<\/strong> Market-based approach to decide the data collection process, etc.<\/p>\n

All these have serious implications for health data such as fertility and death rates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Read more: The worrying slowdown in India\u2019s fight against poverty<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
What should be done with the NFHS Data and to reduce poverty?<\/h5>\n

For improving the NFHS<\/strong>: a)<\/strong> India should improve the sample design and response quality, b)<\/strong> Analysing the data and finding the inferences from different databases on an issue would help improve data gathering systems. c)<\/strong> The government must continue to use survey data both to derive policy conclusions and also to help improve data quality.<\/p>\n

For reducing poverty<\/strong>: a) <\/strong>The survey data gives only broad policy pointers whereas programmatic interventions should be curated with ground-level realities, b)<\/strong>\u00a0People may be deprived severely in a few functions, but may not be multidimensionally poor. Hence, attacking poverty should not only be multidimensional but also universal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Read more: Extreme poverty dipped in India: World Bank report<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source: The post is based on the article\u00a0\u201cSurvey data on poverty and broad policy pointers\u201d published in The Hindu on\u00a012th\u00a0August 2022. Syllabus: GS 2 – Issues relating to poverty and hunger. Relevance: About the concerns associated with the NFHS data. News: Academics have questioned the quality of NFHS data on poverty statistics for various reasons.… Continue reading Survey data on poverty and broad policy pointers<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10311,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[212,10498],"class_list":["post-199812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10311"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=199812"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199812\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=199812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=199812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=199812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}