{"id":203160,"date":"2022-09-02T17:58:54","date_gmt":"2022-09-02T12:28:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=203160"},"modified":"2022-09-02T17:58:54","modified_gmt":"2022-09-02T12:28:54","slug":"academia-research-and-the-glass-ceiling-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/academia-research-and-the-glass-ceiling-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Academia, research and the glass ceiling in India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Source<\/strong>: The post is based on the article \u201cAcademia, research and the glass ceiling in India<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong> published in The Hindu <\/strong>on 2nd<\/sup>\u00a0September 2022<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Syllabus<\/strong>: GS 2 \u2013 Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Education.<\/p>\n

Relevance<\/strong>: About the glass ceiling of women<\/p>\n

News<\/strong>: Gender inequality and discrimination in academia relating to higher education still persist in India.<\/p>\n

Two well-known examples of the glass ceiling of women in pre-independence India<\/h5>\n

Kamala Sohonie<\/strong>: Sir C.V. Raman<\/strong> rejected her request for pursuing research in physics under his guidance only because she was a woman. After satyagraha, she was admitted for one year under certain conditions.<\/p>\n

Bibha Chowdhuri<\/strong>: Professor D.M. Bose <\/strong>was reluctant to include her in his research group on the ground that he did not have suitable research projects to assign to women. After a prolonged struggle, she had been included. Her work on cosmic rays in determining the mass of mesons is legendary.<\/p>\n

Some well-known examples of Women who broke the glass ceiling<\/h5>\n

Donna Strickland<\/strong> was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, for her work on lasers in 2018. She became the third woman to win a physics Nobel, after Marie Curie<\/strong> in 1903 and Maria Goeppert Mayer<\/strong> in 1963.<\/p>\n

How glass ceiling of women impacts women’s growth in STEM?<\/h5>\n

Women are still an under-represented population globally in hardcore science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).<\/p>\n

UNESCO findings<\/strong><\/h6>\n

According to available UNESCO data on some selected countries, India is at the lowest position, having only 14% female researchers working in STEM areas.<\/p>\n

But India is not very far behind many advanced countries in this aspect. For example, Japan has only 16% female researchers, the United States 27% and the United Kingdom 39%.<\/p>\n

The highest number of female researchers are in Tunisia, Africa (55%) followed by Argentina (53%) and New Zealand (52%).<\/p>\n

Education and faculty<\/strong><\/h6>\n

About 43% of women constitute the graduate population in STEM, which is one of the highest in the world. But a)<\/strong> Only 14% of women join academic institutions and universities, b)<\/strong>\u00a0The total number of women fellows in the three science academies of India is 7% for the Indian Academy of Sciences (IAS); 5% for the Indian National Science Academy (INSA) and 8% for the National Academy of Sciences India (NASI) and c)<\/strong> The more prestigious the institute, the lower the number of women employees. For example, in IIT Madras only 31 out of 314 professors.<\/p>\n

In the corporate world<\/h6>\n

Participation of women in leadership and decision-making positions in private enterprises (the corporate sector) is increasing. a)<\/strong> The number of women in senior management positions in the corporate sector in India is 39%, b)<\/strong> According to a forecast made by Deloitte, the number of female board members in the management of private enterprises have been growing from 15% (2016) to 19.7% in 2022. At this pace, near parity will be reached by 2045.<\/p>\n

What are the government incentives for breaking the glass ceiling of women?<\/h5>\n

Some of them are, a)<\/strong> Gender Advancement for Transforming Institutions (GATI)<\/strong><\/a>, Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing(KIRAN)<\/strong><\/a>, Vigyan Jyoti Programme<\/strong><\/a>, etc.<\/p>\n

Some institutions are setting up cr\u00e8ches so that scientist mothers can carry on with their research work uninterrupted. Universities too are trying their best to be equal opportunity employers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Read more: India\u2019s innovation potential and initiatives<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
What can the government learn from the corporate sector in breaking the glass ceiling of women?<\/h5>\n

1) <\/strong>Mechanism of selection and promotion of personnel in the private sector based on competence or merit<\/strong>, 2)<\/strong> Private sector’s adoption of various schemes<\/strong>: Such as flexi-hour work time, rejoining the workforce after an interim break, sections operated only by women, etc.<\/p>\n

So, gender equality or parity will happen only when there is a change in mindset and institutions consider women as assets rather than simply a diversity of rectification issue.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source: The post is based on the article \u201cAcademia, research and the glass ceiling in India\u201d published in The Hindu on 2nd\u00a0September 2022. Syllabus: GS 2 \u2013 Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Education. Relevance: About the glass ceiling of women News: Gender inequality and discrimination in academia relating to… Continue reading Academia, research and the glass ceiling in India<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10311,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[212,10498],"class_list":["post-203160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10311"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=203160"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203160\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=203160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=203160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}