{"id":255977,"date":"2023-08-12T20:58:35","date_gmt":"2023-08-12T15:28:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=255977"},"modified":"2023-08-29T13:41:39","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T08:11:39","slug":"indias-tb-problem-and-the-right-to-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/indias-tb-problem-and-the-right-to-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"India\u2019s TB problem and the right to treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Source:<\/strong> The post is based on the article \u201cIndia\u2019s TB problem and the right to treatment\u201d published in \u201cThe Indian express\u201d on 12th August 2023.<\/p>\n

Syllabus:<\/strong> GS2- Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health.<\/p>\n

News:<\/strong> The author highlights the challenge of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in India. While new diagnostic tools and treatments exist, India often relies on outdated methods. The WHO recommends modern solutions that are more effective and cost-saving. The author urges India to adopt these to prevent DR-TB deaths and suffering.<\/p>\n

What are India’s achievements in relation to drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB)?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Detection:<\/strong> India identified 64,000 MDR\/RR-TB cases in 2022, a significant number though below WHO estimates.<\/p>\n

Molecular Tests:<\/strong> Several Indian companies manufacture advanced molecular tests for DR-TB detection.<\/p>\n

Investment:<\/strong> India heavily invested in molecular platforms during the Covid-19 pandemic, which can be repurposed for TB.<\/p>\n

Cost-effective PCR:<\/strong> Many Indian companies made affordable PCR (polymerase chain reaction) components during the Covid-19 crisis.<\/p>\n

Treatment Time:<\/strong> India has treatments that reduce DR-TB treatment duration from 24 months to 6 months.<\/p>\n

Drug Supply:<\/strong> India is the global supplier of pretomanid, a crucial drug in the BPaL(Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid)regimen for DR-TB.<\/p>\n

What are the challenges of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

High Cases<\/strong>: India accounts for a quarter of the world’s DR-TB cases, with 119,000 new cases estimated yearly by WHO.<\/p>\n

Underreporting:<\/strong> Only 64,000 MDR\/RR-TB cases were reported in 2022, missing a substantial number.<\/p>\n

Delayed Diagnosis:<\/strong> Rapid diagnosis of DR-TB is limited, leading to treatment delays.<\/p>\n

Old Diagnostic Methods:<\/strong> 77% of suspected TB patients were diagnosed using traditional sputum smear microscopy, an outdated method.<\/p>\n

Treatment Adherence:<\/strong> India uses a mix of DR-TB treatments, many of which are hard to follow.<\/p>\n

Reliance on Injectables:<\/strong> Over 22,000 MDR\/RR-TB patients in 2021 received treatments with injections, despite WHO’s recommendation against it.<\/p>\n

Incomplete Treatment:<\/strong> Only 68% of the MDR\/RR-TB patients initiated on treatment in 2020 completed it.<\/p>\n

Limited Access:<\/strong> Only 53% of MDR\/RR-TB patients in 2022 received the WHO-recommended shorter bedaquiline regimen.<\/p>\n

What should be done to address these challenges?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Enhance Reporting:<\/strong> Increase efforts to identify and report all MDR\/RR-TB cases.<\/p>\n

Adopt Rapid Tests:<\/strong> Embrace rapid molecular diagnostics as the initial test for suspected patients.<\/p>\n

Increase Molecular Testing:<\/strong> Aim for all suspected TB patients to undergo the recommended molecular tests.<\/p>\n

Update Treatment Protocols:<\/strong> Adopt WHO’s recommendation of the BPaL regimen for DR-TB.<\/p>\n

Phase Out Injectables:<\/strong> Heed WHO’s advice to stop using injectable treatments from 2019.<\/p>\n

Expand Access:<\/strong> Increase the number of patients receiving the bedaquiline-containing regimen and BPaL regimen.<\/p>\n

Utilize Resources:<\/strong> Repurpose molecular platforms from the Covid-19 era for TB testing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source: The post is based on the article \u201cIndia\u2019s TB problem and the right to treatment\u201d published in \u201cThe Indian express\u201d on 12th August 2023. Syllabus: GS2- Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health. News: The author highlights the challenge of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in India. While new diagnostic tools… Continue reading India\u2019s TB problem and the right to treatment<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[212,8131],"class_list":["post-255977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-social-issues","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255977","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=255977"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255977\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=255977"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=255977"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=255977"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}