{"id":263105,"date":"2023-10-06T19:42:55","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T14:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=263105"},"modified":"2023-10-06T20:51:02","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T15:21:02","slug":"nagorno-karabakh-conflict-history-indias-response","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/nagorno-karabakh-conflict-history-indias-response\/","title":{"rendered":"Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: History, India\u2019s response"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Source: <\/strong>This post has been created based on the article \u201cNagorno-Karabakh conflict: History, India\u2019s response\u201d<\/strong> published in the Indian Express<\/strong> on 6th<\/sup> October 2023.<\/strong><\/p>\n

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2 \u2014 International Relations: Bilateral relationships involving India and\/or affecting India\u2019s interests including India and West Asian Nations.<\/strong><\/p>\n

News<\/strong>: The article discusses the history of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict<\/strong> between Armenia and Azerbaijan<\/strong> and the historical development of their bilateral relations with India, and India\u2019s foreign policy response to the issue.<\/p>\n

Nagorno-Karabakh is at the root of the tensions between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The province is officially recognised as part of Azerbaijan<\/strong>. Its population is predominantly ethnic Armenian<\/strong>, having close cultural, social, and historical ties with Armenia. The Armenians are Christians, while Azeris are Muslims. The enclave is connected to Armenia through the Lachin Corridor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

What is the history of the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Historically, Nagorno-Karabakh was part of the Azerbaijan SSR (Soviet Socialist Republic). Conflict emerged with the weakening and the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union in<\/strong> 1991<\/strong>. This led to the following major developments:<\/p>\n

1) In 1991<\/strong>, the region declared independence leading to war between Armenia and Azerbaijan, with Armenia having the upper hand<\/strong>. In 1994<\/strong>, Russia brokered a ceasefire known as the Bishkek Protocol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

2) In 2020<\/strong>, Azerbaijan managed to take control <\/strong>of the territory around Nagorno-Karabakh.<\/p>\n

3) In December 2022<\/strong>, the Lachin Corridor was blockaded by Azerbaijan<\/strong>, causing severe shortages of essential goods in the province.<\/p>\n

4) In September 2023<\/strong>, Azerbaijan launched an \u201canti-terrorist\u201d offensive<\/strong> and claimed to have regained full control of the province<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

What has been India\u2019s position?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

India\u2019s foreign policy position has been one of balance and not taking clear sides<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Accordingly, India believes that any lasting resolution of the conflict can only be achieved peacefully through diplomatic dialogue and negotiations.<\/strong><\/p>\n

In this regard, India supports OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) Minsk Group<\/strong>\u2019s continued efforts for a peaceful resolution<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

How are India\u2019s ties in the region?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

India has ties with both. The region is also important for its centrality to India\u2019s plans of connectivity through the south Caucasus<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

India-Armenia relations:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Historical ties of the two countries date back thousands of years. Cultural interactions have taken place as part of military invasions, establishing of communities and movement of traders.<\/p>\n

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, India established diplomatic relations and has a treaty relationship<\/strong> with Armenia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Armenia also supports for India\u2019s position on the Kashmir issue<\/strong> and on the question of a permanent seat in the UNSC<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

In 2022, military cooperation strengthened in terms of India\u2019s supply of military weapons and ammunitions<\/strong> worth US $250 million<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

India-Azerbaijan relations:<\/strong><\/p>\n

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, India established diplomatic relations with Azerbaijan<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

However, Azerbaijan\u2019s proximity to Pakistan<\/strong> has been seen as a roadblock in the bilateral ties. In contrast to Armenia, there has not been a single high-level visit between the two countries.<\/p>\n

What should be the way forward for India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Because of the geographical location of Armenia and Azerbaijan, the region is important as a viable corridor for India\u2019s connectivity with Russia and Europe<\/strong> through Central Asia and Iran. Armenia and Azerbaijan are both members of the International North South Transport Corridor (INSTC),<\/strong> which holds importance for India.<\/p>\n

Hence, tensions in the region directly impact India\u2019s plans to bypass Pakistan as the gateway to Europe and Russia.<\/strong> India will have to walk a \u201cdiplomatic tightrope\u201d<\/strong> to figure out a way around this dilemma.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source: This post has been created based on the article \u201cNagorno-Karabakh conflict: History, India\u2019s response\u201d published in the Indian Express on 6th October 2023. UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2 \u2014 International Relations: Bilateral relationships involving India and\/or affecting India\u2019s interests including India and West Asian Nations. News: The article discusses the history of the… Continue reading Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: History, India\u2019s response<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[212,10500,239],"class_list":["post-263105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-indian-express","tag-international-relations","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":15,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1698320458},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/263105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=263105"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/263105\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=263105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=263105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=263105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}