{"id":265820,"date":"2023-10-21T19:04:28","date_gmt":"2023-10-21T13:34:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=265820"},"modified":"2023-10-21T19:04:28","modified_gmt":"2023-10-21T13:34:28","slug":"mind-the-gap-its-quickly-narrowing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/mind-the-gap-its-quickly-narrowing\/","title":{"rendered":"Mind The Gap, It\u2019s Quickly Narrowing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Source: <\/strong>This post has been created based on the article \u201cMind The Gap, It\u2019s Quickly Narrowing\u201d<\/strong> published in The Times of India <\/strong>on 21st October 2023.<\/strong><\/p>\n

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3 Indian Economy Times of India\u2014 Indian Economy and\u00a0issues relating to employment.<\/strong><\/p>\n

News<\/strong>:\u00a0This article discusses the trends in of female labour force participation and wage gaps in India in the context of the recent Nobel Prize-winning research by Claudia Goldin.<\/p>\n

A detailed discussion on Claudia Goldin\u2019s research have been already covered in the following article: <\/strong>https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/nobel-prize-in-economics-2023-explained-pointwise\/<\/a><\/p>\n

There are two types of gender gaps<\/strong> according to Claudia Goldin:<\/p>\n

First<\/strong>, women participate less in market work than men.<\/p>\n

Second<\/strong>, women earn less than men.<\/p>\n

These are considered critical for the economy by the IMF<\/strong> because a decline in these gaps contributes to \u201cgrowth, resilience, financial stability and income equality\u201d.<\/p>\n

What is the paradox observed with respect to female LFPR in India? <\/strong><\/h2>\n

With development and education<\/strong>, LFPR has gone upwards in most economies.<\/p>\n

In India, both economic growth and female educational attainment had increased rapidly between 2004-05 and 2011-12. However, during the same period, Female LFPR in the Indian labour market declined.<\/p>\n

The trend in FLFPR has not followed the increasing pattern estimated and forecast by Goldin.<\/p>\n

Application of Goldin\u2019s research:<\/strong> The accompanying table shows that regardless of the definition, FLFPR estimates for 2022-23 are very close to the 1993-94 estimates<\/strong>, thus confirming the Goldin \u2018U\u2019-shaped curve<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Source:<\/strong> Times of India<\/p>\n

What is the status of the wage gap in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

For ages 25-64, the gender wage gap is 30%.<\/strong> However, this wage gap does not adjust for education.<\/p>\n

For all unmarried college degree workers<\/strong>, the wage gap is almost non-existent \u2013 only 3%<\/strong> (lower than the USA).<\/p>\n

For all college educated workers<\/strong>, the wage gap is just 16%<\/strong> (again, lower than in the USA).<\/p>\n

India has shown consistent improvement over the years in decline in the gender wage gap.<\/p>\n

In conclusion, there is a labour force participation gap in India, but its level has been declining<\/strong> and is today very close to the level observed during 1993-2004, when India had a more liberal definition of female work<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The gender wage gap is low<\/strong>, and comparable to the best of the advanced countries, especially for college educated women.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source: This post has been created based on the article \u201cMind The Gap, It\u2019s Quickly Narrowing\u201d published in The Times of India on 21st October 2023. UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3 Indian Economy Times of India\u2014 Indian Economy and\u00a0issues relating to employment. News:\u00a0This article discusses the trends in of female labour force participation and… Continue reading Mind The Gap, It\u2019s Quickly Narrowing<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[216,8184,10496],"class_list":["post-265820","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-gs-paper-3","tag-indian-economy","tag-times-of-india","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":104,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1698436136},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265820","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=265820"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265820\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=265820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=265820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=265820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}