{"id":266603,"date":"2023-10-27T19:30:09","date_gmt":"2023-10-27T14:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=266603"},"modified":"2023-10-28T09:31:33","modified_gmt":"2023-10-28T04:01:33","slug":"the-t-n-experience-on-caste-survey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-t-n-experience-on-caste-survey\/","title":{"rendered":"The T.N. experience on caste survey"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Source<\/strong>: The post is based on the article\u00a0\u201cThe T.N. experience on caste survey<\/strong>\u201d published in The Hindu <\/strong>on 27th<\/sup> October 2023<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Syllabus: GS 2 \u2013 Governance \u2013 Government Policies & Intervention<\/strong><\/p>\n

Relevance: <\/strong>Issues associated with providing reservation to Backward Classes in Tamil Nadu<\/p>\n

News:<\/strong> The Bihar caste-based survey has sparked a national debate about increasing the 50% reservation limit. But Tamil Nadu’s experience shows that a caste census alone may not be enough to provide reservation.<\/p>\n

Read Here for other aspects related to the caste-based survey: <\/strong>Caste Census Significance and Challenges- Explained<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

When were the First and the Second Backward Classes Commissions formed by the Tamil Nadu government?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The first Backward Classes Commission was formed for the period 1969-1970. It suggested raising Backward Classes (BCs) reservation.<\/p>\n

How did the Second BC Commission come into being?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

In Jan. 1980, the AIADMK government in Tamil Nadu increased the reservation for Backward Classes (BCs) from 31% to 50%.<\/p>\n

This brought the total reservation to 68%, including 18% for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs).<\/p>\n

This decision was challenged in the Supreme Court. <\/strong>After which the state government set up (Second Backward Classes Commission), headed by J.A. Ambasankar.<\/p>\n

What was the finding of the Ambasankar Commission?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The Ambasankar Commission conducted a survey to enumerate and classify Backward Classes (BCs), primarily focusing on BCs without providing a comprehensive breakdown of all communities.<\/p>\n

The survey found that BCs made up 67.15% of the state’s population. In March 1989, an exclusive quota of 20% was provided for Most Backward Classes (MBCs) and Denotified Communities (DNCs) within the total share of BCs of 50%.<\/p>\n

What were the issues related to reservation for Backward Classes faced by the Commission?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Amount of Reservation:<\/strong> The Chairman wanted to<\/strong> reduce the quota from 50% to 32% to keep the overall quota within the 50% limit.<\/p>\n

However, the other panel members argued that the quota should<\/strong> be at least 50%, since BCs made up 67% of the population.<\/p>\n

Scope of Reservation:<\/strong> The Chairman insisted on<\/strong> maintaining two separate lists of Backward Classes (BCs): one under Article 15(4) and another under Article 16(4).<\/p>\n

He believed that being eligible for a quota under Article 15(4) did not automatically entitle individuals to reservations in job appointments under Article 16(4).<\/p>\n

However, the majority of panel members supported having only one list<\/strong>. They argued that social and educational backwardness were interconnected, and educational benefits provided under Article 15(4) were a means to achieve employment benefits under Article 16(4).<\/p>\n

What were the recommendations given by the Commission?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The government received two sets of recommendations, one from the Chairman and the other from panel members.<\/p>\n

However, the government retained the status quo of 50% reservation for Backward Classes and accepted the inclusion of 29 communities but did not agree to remove 24 communities from the list.<\/p>\n

How did the 1992 Supreme Court judgment affect State reservations?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tamil Nadu government enacted a law to protect its 69% reservation for BCs and SCs by placing it under the Ninth Schedule after the Supreme Court’s Mandal Commission judgment in 1992.<\/p>\n

The Tamil Nadu government has also provided reservation to other groups such as Muslims, Christians, Arunthathiyars (a sub-caste of SCs), and Vanniyars.<\/p>\n

However, the Supreme Court has struck down the law providing a separate quota for Vanniyars on the ground that the data used by the government was not contemporaneous.<\/p>\n

What can be the conclusion drawn?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The Tamil Nadu case illustrates that conducting a survey alone is insufficient for implementing reservations for the Backward Classes. Overcoming challenges such as court intervention, political will, scope and amount of reservation is also essential in providing reservation.<\/p>\n

Question for Practice \u2013<\/strong> Critically examine the issues and challenges associated with conducting a caste-based survey and providing reservation based on it, with proper examples.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source: The post is based on the article\u00a0\u201cThe T.N. experience on caste survey\u201d published in The Hindu on 27th October 2023. Syllabus: GS 2 \u2013 Governance \u2013 Government Policies & Intervention Relevance: Issues associated with providing reservation to Backward Classes in Tamil Nadu News: The Bihar caste-based survey has sparked a national debate about increasing… Continue reading The T.N. experience on caste survey<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[300,212,10498],"class_list":["post-266603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-governance","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":48,"cached_at":1698476279,"cached_date":1698661503},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=266603"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266603\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=266603"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=266603"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=266603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}