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Source<\/strong>-This post on Sustainable funding for science<\/strong> funding has been created based on the article \u201cWhy science needs sustainable funding<\/strong>\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu\u201d<\/strong> on 28 February 2024.<\/p>\n UPSC Syllabus<\/strong>-GS Paper 3- Science and Technology- Developments and their Applications and Effects in Everyday Life.<\/p>\n News<\/strong>-The article highlights the need to ensure sustainable funding for science to achieve developed country status by 2047. Sustainable funding for Science<\/strong><\/p>\n India\u2019s research and development (R&D) expenditure is around 0.64% of GDP<\/strong>. There has been a decline in science funding from 0.8% in 2008-2009 and 0.7% in 2017-2018 to 0.64 currently.<\/p>\n This is despite the fact that both 2013 Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy and Economic survey have urged the government to take R&D spending to 2% GDP.<\/p>\n A detailed article on Funding Issues of Indian Science<\/strong> can be read here<\/a>.<\/p>\n With respect to other countries, funding for fundamental research in India is amongst the world\u2019s lowest. In 2021, member-countries of the OECD <\/strong>on average spent 2.7% of their GDP<\/strong> on R&D. The U.S. and the U.K. have consistently spent more than 2% of their GDPs on R&D for the past decade.<\/p>\n 1) Lack of private sector participation<\/strong>– In 2020-2021, the private sector industry contributed 36.4% of the GERD <\/strong>whereas in economically developed countries, a major share \u2014 70% on average \u2014 of R&D investment comes from the private sector.<\/p>\n 2) Regulatory Issues<\/strong>– Issues like lack of clear exit options for investors in sectors such as biotechnology and fears of intellectual property rights theft discourage private investment in R&D in India.<\/p>\n 3) Under-utilization of allotted funds<\/strong>– In 2022-2023, the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) used 72% of its estimated budget allocation while the Department of Science and Technology (DST) used only 61%. <\/p>\nWhat is the state of science funding in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
What are the issues with science funding in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n4) Lack of capacity-<\/strong> There is lack of capacity to evaluate projects or clear utilization certificates and release grant and salary disbursements on time.<\/p>\nRead More UPSC Topics-<\/strong><\/h2>\n