{"id":288377,"date":"2024-03-27T18:59:43","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T13:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=288377"},"modified":"2024-03-27T18:59:43","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T13:29:43","slug":"black-carbon-emission","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/black-carbon-emission\/","title":{"rendered":"Black Carbon Emission"},"content":{"rendered":"

Source<\/strong>-This post on Black Carbon Emission <\/strong>has been created based on the article \u201cThe need to curb black carbon emissions<\/strong>\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu<\/strong>\u201d on 26 March 2024.<\/p>\n

UPSC Syllabus-GS Paper-3-<\/strong> Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment.<\/p>\n

Context<\/strong>– According to a 2016 study, the residential sector contributes 47% of India\u2019s total black carbon emissions followed by Industries 22%, diesel vehicles 17%, open burning 12%, and other sources 2%. Decarbonization efforts in the industry and transport sectors in the past decade have led to reductions in black carbon emissions. However, the residential sector remains a challenge.<\/p>\n

What is black carbon?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Description<\/strong>-It is a component of soot emitted by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuel and biomass.<\/p>\n

Impact<\/strong>-It contributes to global warming and poses severe risks. Exposure to black carbon can increase risk of heart disease, birth complications, and premature death.<\/p>\n

Source<\/strong>– Most black carbon emissions in India arise from burning biomass, such as cow dung or straw, in traditional cookstoves.<\/p>\n

What is the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Entitlements<\/strong>-The scheme would provide free liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) connections to households below the poverty line. The programme has provided connections to over 10 crore households as of January 2024.<\/p>\n

Objective<\/strong>-To make clean cooking fuel available to rural and poor households and reduce their dependence on traditional cooking fuels.<\/p>\n

Infrastructure<\/strong>-The PMUY has established infrastructure for LPG connections, including free gas stoves, deposits for LPG cylinders, and a distribution network.<\/p>\n

Impact<\/strong>-It has helped in reducing black carbon emissions because it is a cleaner alternative to traditional fuel consumption.<\/p>\n

Read more- Non Conventional Energy<\/a><\/p>\n

What are the issues with Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1) Low LPG refill rate-<\/strong> According to RTI data, in 2022-2023, only 25% of all PMUY beneficiaries availed either zero LPG refill or only one LPG refill. This suggests that they still relied entirely on traditional biomass for cooking.<\/p>\n

2) High cost<\/strong>– The cost of a 14.2-kg LPG cylinder, even with an additional subsidy, is still about \u20b9600 per cylinder. This is a high cost for most PMUY beneficiaries, so they switch to traditional sources like cow dung, firewood, etc.<\/p>\n

3) \u00a0Low consumption of LPG<\/strong>-As per the findings of the The Hindu newspaper, the average PMUY beneficiary household consumes only 3.5-4 LPG cylinders per year as compared to non-PMUY household that consume 6 to 7 cylinders.
\nThis implies that up to half of all the energy needs of a PMUY beneficiary household are still met by traditional fuels. Traditional fuels contribute to black carbon emissions.<\/p>\n

4) Last mile connectivity<\/strong>-There is lack of last-mile connectivity in the LPG distribution network. This leads to unavailability of clean cooking fuel in remote areas which leads to enhanced use of biomass.<\/p>\n

What should be the way forward?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1) Production of Coal-bed methane<\/strong>-There is a need to promote the local production of coal-bed methane (CBM) gas by composting biomass. It is a much cleaner source of energy. Here, Panchayats can take the initiative to produce CBM gas locally at the village level.<\/p>\n

2) Addressing low-refill rate<\/strong>-The government should address the challenge of low refill rate by further subsidizing the cost of LPG cylinder.<\/p>\n

PMUY scheme can help India become a global leader in addressing regional health concerns and help meet its Sustainability Development Goal of providing affordable clean energy to everyone and contributing to global climate mitigation.<\/p>\n

Question for practice<\/strong><\/p>\n

Highlighting the significance of PMUY. Also enlist some of the challenges in its effective implementation?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source-This post on Black Carbon Emission has been created based on the article \u201cThe need to curb black carbon emissions\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu\u201d on 26 March 2024. UPSC Syllabus-GS Paper-3- Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment. Context– According to a 2016 study, the residential sector contributes 47% of India\u2019s total black carbon emissions… Continue reading Black Carbon Emission<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,9],"tags":[59,216,10498],"class_list":["post-288377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-public","tag-environment","tag-gs-paper-3","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288377","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=288377"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288377\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=288377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=288377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=288377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}