{"id":30496,"date":"2018-10-26T16:27:24","date_gmt":"2018-10-26T10:57:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=30496"},"modified":"2018-10-26T16:27:24","modified_gmt":"2018-10-26T10:57:24","slug":"treaty-that-backfired","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/treaty-that-backfired\/","title":{"rendered":"Treaty that backfired?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/treaty-that-backfired\/article23295676.ece\"><strong>Treaty that backfired?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Context<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Shimla Agreement of 1972<\/p>\n<p><strong>India\u2019s objectives behind Shimla Agreement<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Alasting solution to the Kashmir issue<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Or, failing that, an agreement that would constrain Pakistan from involving third parties in discussions about the future of Kashmir<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>New Beginnings<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It was hoped that the Agreement would allow for a new beginning in relations with Pakistan\u00a0based upon Pakistan\u2019s acceptance of the new balance of power<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Achieving above objectives without pushing Pakistan to the wall<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It left open the possibility of achieving both these objectives without pushing Pakistan to the wall and creating a revanchist anti-India regime.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Failure of the Shimla Agreement<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Military in power:<\/strong> India was unable to prevent the military from taking power in Islamabad in 1977 and executing Bhutto<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nuclear Deterrence: <\/strong>Pakistan\u2019s acquisition of nuclear capability created a situation of deterrence negating India\u2019s superiority in conventional power and instated de facto military parity between the two countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u>Example<\/u>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The 1999 Kargil War validated the success of deterrence when India desisted from taking the war into Pakistani territory.<\/li>\n<li>Deterrence also provided the shield for the Pakistani military to take the \u201cwar\u201d into Indian Kashmir through its proxies, the terrorist groups created and supported by the ISI.<\/li>\n<li>Nuclear weapons prevented India from retaliating on Pakistani territory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Shimla Agreement did not fully achieve any of India\u2019s objectives. If anything, it may have whetted the Pakistani military\u2019s appetite to try to turn Kashmir into India\u2019s Bangladesh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Treaty that backfired? Context The Shimla Agreement of 1972 India\u2019s objectives behind Shimla Agreement Alasting solution to the Kashmir issue Or, failing that, an agreement that would constrain Pakistan from involving third parties in discussions about the future of Kashmir New Beginnings It was hoped that the Agreement would allow for a new beginning in&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/treaty-that-backfired\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Treaty that backfired?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[555],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30496","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-test-1","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704767920},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30496","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30496"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30496\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}