{"id":306152,"date":"2024-08-01T19:02:33","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T13:32:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=306152"},"modified":"2024-08-01T19:02:57","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T13:32:57","slug":"challenges-in-adopting-global-pandemic-agreement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/challenges-in-adopting-global-pandemic-agreement\/","title":{"rendered":"Challenges in Adopting Global Pandemic Agreement"},"content":{"rendered":"

Source<\/strong>-This post on Challenges in Adopting Global Pandemic Agreement<\/strong> has been created based on the article \u201cThe global struggle for a pandemic treaty<\/strong>\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu<\/strong>\u201d on 1 August 2024.<\/p>\n

UPSC Syllabus<\/strong>-GS Paper-2- Important International Institutions and Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health.<\/p>\n

Context<\/strong>– Intellectual property protections, hoarding by wealthy nations, export restrictions, and manufacturing limits worsened vaccine inequity during COVID-19. Despite two years of negotiations, 194 WHO member states failed to finalize the Pandemic Agreement, which was designed to enhance pandemic preparedness and address inequities revealed by COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Recently, 77th World Health Assembly (May 27-June 1, 2024) took place in Geneva where two significant advancements in global health governance were made.<\/p>\n

\u00a0What were the key developments at the 77th World Health Assembly?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1) Amendments to the International Health Regulations<\/strong> -The Assembly approved amendments to the 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR). These changes aim to boost preparedness for health emergencies, add a new “Pandemic Emergency” category, ensure fair access to health products, support developing countries, and establish a National IHR Authority for improved coordination.<\/p>\n

2) Completion of WHO Pandemic Agreement <\/strong>-The mandate of the intergovernmental negotiating body (INB) for the Pandemic Treaty was extended, requiring the WHO Pandemic Agreement to be finished quickly.<\/p>\n

What are the challenges in adopting the Pandemic Agreement?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1) Pathogen Access and Benefit Sharing (PABS):<\/strong> The proposal aims to address inequities in treatment access and vaccine distribution by requiring manufacturers to donate a portion of their products to WHO for global distribution. However, there is disagreement on donation percentages, with LMICs(Low- and middle-income countries) pushing for at least 20% and high-income countries not agreeing to it.<\/p>\n

2) Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property- <\/strong>Disagreements over production governance, technology transfer, and intellectual property rights, particularly around TRIPS flexibilities and the ‘peace clause,’ have stalled negotiations.<\/p>\n

3) One Health Approach:<\/strong> This approach, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health, is supported by high-income countries but seen by low- and middle-income countries as an additional burden without sufficient funding.<\/p>\n

4) Enforcement and Implementation-<\/strong> The lack of a robust compliance mechanism and accountability in the International Health Regulations (IHR) raises significant concerns about the implementation of the Pandemic Agreement.<\/p>\n

Read More- WHO Pandemic Agreement: The countdown to a pandemic treaty<\/a><\/p>\n

What should be the way forward?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1) Collaboration for Global Health Security<\/strong> -Diplomats and leaders should recognize that working together and supporting each other benefits global health security.<\/p>\n

2) Technology Transfer and IP Waivers <\/strong>-Technology transfer and intellectual property waivers should be implemented to build diverse global manufacturing capabilities. This will allow LMICs to achieve self-sufficiency and reduce dependence on aid from high-income countries.<\/p>\n

Question for practice<\/strong><\/p>\n

What are the impediments to the adoption of the Pandemic Agreement, and what strategies should be employed to address these challenges?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source-This post on Challenges in Adopting Global Pandemic Agreement has been created based on the article \u201cThe global struggle for a pandemic treaty\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu\u201d on 1 August 2024. UPSC Syllabus-GS Paper-2- Important International Institutions and Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health. Context– Intellectual property protections, hoarding… Continue reading Challenges in Adopting Global Pandemic Agreement<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,1235],"tags":[212,239,10498],"class_list":["post-306152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-international-relations","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-international-relations","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/306152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=306152"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/306152\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=306152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=306152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=306152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}