{"id":308540,"date":"2024-08-27T19:53:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T14:23:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=308540"},"modified":"2024-08-27T19:53:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T14:23:46","slug":"vaccine-derived-polio-in-meghalaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/vaccine-derived-polio-in-meghalaya\/","title":{"rendered":"Vaccine-derived polio in Meghalaya"},"content":{"rendered":"

Source<\/strong>: The post vaccine-derived polio in Meghalaya has been created, based on the article \u201cHow polio vaccine triggered the infection in a child in Meghalaya<\/strong>\u201d published in \u201cIndian Express<\/strong>\u201d on 27th August 2024<\/p>\n

UPSC Syllabus Topic: <\/strong>GS Paper 2- Governance-Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health.<\/p>\n

Context: The article discusses a case of vaccine-derived polio in Meghalaya. It explains that while the oral polio vaccine (OPV) can occasionally cause polio, it doesn\u2019t threaten India’s polio-free status. It also highlights the use of both OPV and IPV in India.<\/p>\n

For detailed information on Vaccine-derived poliovirus<\/strong> read this article here<\/a><\/p>\n

What is Vaccine-Derived Polio?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Vaccine-derived polio occurs when the weakened virus in OPV regains the ability to cause infection. This can happen in two ways:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. In some cases, the weakened virus can continue circulating from child to child, gaining back its ability to transmit quickly, and then cause severe infection every time it spreads.<\/li>\n
  2. The virus in the vaccine can also cause chronic infection in children with weakened immune systems, replicating in their gut for years and slowly gaining its ability to cause severe infection. This is what seems to have happened in the Meghalaya case.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Have Vaccine-Derived Polio Cases Occurred in India Before?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. India was declared polio-free in 2014 after the last wild poliovirus case was detected in 2011 in West Bengal\u2019s Howrah district.<\/li>\n
    2. Despite this, vaccine-derived polio cases have been reported in the country.<\/li>\n
    3. In 2013, an 11-month-old child from Maharashtra\u2019s Beed district died due to vaccine-derived polio.<\/li>\n
    4. Multiple other cases have surfaced across India, with the most recent before the Meghalaya case reported in Kerala.<\/li>\n
    5. These vaccine-derived cases do not affect India\u2019s polio-free status, as only wild poliovirus detection would change that.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      How Can Vaccine-Derived Polio Be Prevented?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        \n
      1. Use of IPV<\/strong>: Switching to the injectable polio vaccine (IPV) can prevent vaccine-derived polio, as it contains no live virus. This eliminates the risk of the virus regaining strength and causing infection.<\/li>\n
      2. IPV Limitations<\/strong>: IPV requires trained personnel to administer, which may reduce immunization rates. It also doesn\u2019t prevent virus transmission between individuals.<\/li>\n
      3. Current Practice in India<\/strong>: India uses both IPV and OPV. However, IPV is underused, with only one shot given instead of the three shots and one booster used in countries like the US and Canada.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Question for practice:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Discuss the factors that contribute to the occurrence of vaccine-derived polio in India.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Source: The post vaccine-derived polio in Meghalaya has been created, based on the article \u201cHow polio vaccine triggered the infection in a child in Meghalaya\u201d published in \u201cIndian Express\u201d on 27th August 2024 UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2- Governance-Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health. Context: The article discusses… Continue reading Vaccine-derived polio in Meghalaya<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230],"tags":[300,212,10500],"class_list":["post-308540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","tag-governance","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-indian-express","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/308540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=308540"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/308540\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=308540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=308540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=308540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}