{"id":308837,"date":"2024-08-29T18:56:06","date_gmt":"2024-08-29T13:26:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=308837"},"modified":"2024-08-30T12:07:54","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T06:37:54","slug":"need-for-new-shorter-treatment-regimens-for-drug-resistant-tb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/need-for-new-shorter-treatment-regimens-for-drug-resistant-tb\/","title":{"rendered":"Need for new, shorter treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB"},"content":{"rendered":"

Source<\/strong>: The post need for new, shorter treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB has been created, based on the article \u201cSharpening India\u2019s anti-tuberculosis fight<\/strong>\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu<\/strong>\u201d on 29th August 2024<\/p>\n

UPSC Syllabus Topic: <\/strong>GS Paper 2- Governance- Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health<\/p>\n

Context<\/strong>: The article discusses India’s struggle with tuberculosis (TB) and emphasizes the need for new, shorter treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB. It highlights the benefits of using the WHO-recommended BPaL\/M regimen, improving diagnostics, and targeting at-risk populations to enhance TB detection and treatment.<\/p>\n

For detailed information on Tuberculosis- Role of private sector in Elimination<\/strong> read this article here<\/a><\/p>\n

What is the current TB situation in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. India bears over a quarter of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden.<\/li>\n
  2. In 2023, efforts to tackle ‘missed’ TB cases resulted in 25.1 lakh patients being diagnosed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    What are the challenges with current TB treatment regimens?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. Lengthy Treatment Duration:<\/strong> Current regimens require 9 to 24 months of treatment, causing physical and psychological strain on patients.<\/li>\n
    2. High Pill Burden:<\/strong> Patients must take 13-14 tablets daily for shorter regimens and 4-5 tablets for longer regimens.<\/li>\n
    3. Severe Side Effects:<\/strong> Treatment can cause hearing loss, psychosis, and other debilitating side effects.<\/li>\n
    4. Economic Impact:<\/strong> Extended treatment often leads to job loss, driving families into poverty.<\/li>\n
    5. Low Success Rates:<\/strong> The current treatment success rate in India is only 68%, compared to 89% with the new BPaL\/M regimen.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      What New Treatments Are Available?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        \n
      1. India is set to introduce the WHO-recommended BPaL\/M regimen for drug-resistant TB.<\/li>\n
      2. The BPaL\/M regimen requires only three to four tablets daily for six months.<\/li>\n
      3. This regimen is more effective, with an 89% success rate, compared to the 68% success rate of current treatments.<\/li>\n
      4. The BPaL\/M regimen reduces severe side effects, such as hearing loss and psychosis.<\/li>\n
      5. Implementing BPaL\/M can save health systems up to $740 million annually.<\/li>\n
      6. This regimen is already adopted by about 80 countries, with 20 high-burden countries rolling it out.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        How Can TB Diagnosis Be Improved?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          \n
        1. Use GIS Mapping and Health Data<\/strong>: Identify vulnerable populations like those with malnutrition, diabetes, HIV, and former COVID-19 patients for targeted screening.<\/li>\n
        2. Conduct Multi-Disease Screening<\/strong>: Focus on at-risk communities, including slum residents, prisoners, and homeless individuals, to detect TB early.<\/li>\n
        3. Leverage Technology<\/strong>: Portable X-ray machines with AI-driven tools can reduce diagnostic delays, especially in remote areas. For example, chest X-rays detected 42.6% of TB cases in the National TB Prevalence Survey (2019-21).<\/li>\n
        4. Adopt Rapid Molecular Tests<\/strong>: These tests provide faster and more accurate TB detection than traditional microscopy methods.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Question for practice:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Examine the challenges associated with current tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimens in India and how the introduction of the WHO-recommended BPaL\/M regimen could address these challenges.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Source: The post need for new, shorter treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB has been created, based on the article \u201cSharpening India\u2019s anti-tuberculosis fight\u201d published in \u201cThe Hindu\u201d on 29th August 2024 UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2- Governance- Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health Context: The article discusses India’s… Continue reading Need for new, shorter treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10320,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230],"tags":[300,212,10498],"class_list":["post-308837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","tag-governance","tag-gs-paper-2","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/308837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=308837"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/308837\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=308837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=308837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=308837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}