{"id":31345,"date":"2018-10-27T13:12:40","date_gmt":"2018-10-27T07:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=31345"},"modified":"2018-10-27T13:12:40","modified_gmt":"2018-10-27T07:42:40","slug":"rethinking-trafficking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/rethinking-trafficking\/","title":{"rendered":"Rethinking trafficking"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/rethinking-trafficking\/article22735293.ece\"><b>Rethinking trafficking<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last India protested against the release of a report, \u2018Global estimates of modern slavery: forced labour and forced marriage\u2019, a collaborative effort of the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">International Labour Organisation (ILO), the Walk Free Foundation, and the International Organisation for Migration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Highlight of the report:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report estimated that there were 40.3 million \u201cmodern slaves\u201d worldwide in 2016, with 24.9 million in forced labour and 15.4 million in forced marriages.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It did not name countries, but the writing on the wall was clear as 17,000 interviews had been conducted in India, and 61.78% of the \u201cmodern slaves\u201d were in Asia and the Pacific.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report forms the baseline for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 8.7 (eradicates forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking, and end child labour by 2025).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Indian laws:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Indian government is set to introduce the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trafficking of Persons (Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation) Bill, 2016,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which exemplifies neoabolitionism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India has a complex patchwork of anti-trafficking laws, ranging from <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the Indian Penal Code and the Immoral Traffic Prevention Act (ITPA), 1986<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, to social welfare legislation on contract and bonded labour, and inter-state migrant work.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In India, a combination of penal, labour and contract laws are used to impose obligations for better working conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Definition of trafficking:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The current definition of trafficking in Section 370 of the IPC is not limited to sex work.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It pursues the classic raid-rescue-rehabilitation model, with stringent penalties for trafficking, including life imprisonment for its aggravated forms, reversals of burden of proof, and provisions for stripping traffickers of their assets.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What should India do?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> There should be a multi-faceted legal and economic strategy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Robost implementation of labour laws<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Universal social protection floor<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Self organization of workers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Improved labour inspection, including in the informal economy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Corporate accountability for decent work conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Need for systemic reforms to counter distress migration<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> End caste-based discrimination<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Enforce the rural employment guarantee legislation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Avoid the indiscriminate rescue of voluntary sex workers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Protect migrants\u2019 mobility and rights.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rethinking trafficking Context: Last India protested against the release of a report, \u2018Global estimates of modern slavery: forced labour and forced marriage\u2019, a collaborative effort of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the Walk Free Foundation, and the International Organisation for Migration. Highlight of the report: The report estimated that there were 40.3 million \u201cmodern slaves\u201d&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/rethinking-trafficking\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Rethinking trafficking<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[555],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-test-1","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704796532},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31345"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31345\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}