{"id":31398,"date":"2018-10-27T13:26:02","date_gmt":"2018-10-27T07:56:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=31398"},"modified":"2018-10-27T13:26:02","modified_gmt":"2018-10-27T07:56:02","slug":"testing-the-diagnosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/testing-the-diagnosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Testing the diagnosis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/todays-paper\/tp-opinion\/testing-the-diagnosis\/article22709678.ece\"><b>Testing the diagnosis<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Traditional and scientific medical systems cannot be integrated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desiring the integration of all medical systems <\/span><b>is naive and unrealistic.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Traditional and scientific medical<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> systems cannot be integrated.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Doctrine of traditional way:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All cultures wanted explanations on <\/span><b>why some fell ill while others did not<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and, what <\/span><b>remedies cure different illnesses.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> All had come up with <\/span><b>concepts, dogmas and beliefs, as well as many treatment modalities.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Three examples that have survived the test of time are the ancient <\/span><b>Indian and Chinese traditional systems and the more recent homoeopathy.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All of them are together called <\/span><b>\u2018traditional medicine\u2019.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Doctrine of homeopathy:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In homoeopathy, the basic doctrine is that <\/span><b>molecules of chemicals that simulate symptoms similar to those in illnesses, given in minute and non-toxic quantities,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are the remedies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The principle \u201csimilia similibus curentur\u201d (likes cure likes) is implied in the name homoeopathy, in contrast to allopathy (synonym of scientific medicine), in which antidotes counter the causes of diseases.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Doctrine of Chinese system:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The major doctrine in the Chinese system is that <\/span><b>Qi,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> life\u2019s vital energy, <\/span><b>flows via \u2018meridians\u2019 that connect all organs and tissues<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If any gets blocked, illnesses result.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acupuncture, acupressure, massages, specific exercises and special diets and herbal medicines are applied as remedies.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Doctrine of Ayurveda:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ayurveda has the <\/span><b>Thridosha doctrine.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imbalances between three hypothetical doshas cause illnesses; remedies are herbal concoctions, oils, oil massages, special diets, purgation, deworming, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Doctrine of Scientific medicine:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scientific medicine developed and grew in <\/span><b>Germany, Austria, France, Britain and the U.S. during the 18th and 19th centuries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> through an iterative and cumulative process.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Natural sciences (physical and biologic, including microbiology, biochemistry and genetics)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with their methods of inquiry and emphasis on objective evidence heavily influenced its growth, which continued in the 20th century and is still continuing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b> Scientific medicine can and must question and revise dogmas, concepts, explanations and therapeutics <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">through research inquiries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Question of accountability (scientific system):<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since the scientific system is open to verification, physicians have accountability to make <\/span><b>evidence-based diagnosis and formally recommended remedies.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Any <\/span><b>two independent physicians<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are required to make the <\/span><b>same diagnosis and the same guidelines of therapy.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All diseases have been <\/span><b>named, numbered and classified into a compendium<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 the International Classification of Diseases, the 10th edition being in current use and 11th edition in the making.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If one physician makes a diagnosis and treats as such, the patient has the right to <\/span><b>ask if both are based on evidences available in books and periodicals.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In case the physician had not followed such norms, he\/she is liable to be <\/span><b>tried for medical negligence and the patient compensated, if so proven.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Question of accountability (traditional system):<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In other words, scientific medicine demands \u2018<\/span><b>accountability\u2019 on the part of the physician \u2014 for \u2018correct\u2019 diagnosis and treatment.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since such <\/span><b>verifications and detailed classifications are not present in traditional medical systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a physician diagnoses and treats as best as he\/she could, but without verifiability or accountability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fortunately, <\/span><b>therapies in traditional medicines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are generally <\/span><b>harmless <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014 hence patients do not face much risk.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Testing the diagnosis Traditional and scientific medical systems cannot be integrated. Context: Desiring the integration of all medical systems is naive and unrealistic. Traditional and scientific medical systems cannot be integrated. Doctrine of traditional way: All cultures wanted explanations on why some fell ill while others did not, and, what remedies cure different illnesses. All&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/testing-the-diagnosis\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Testing the diagnosis<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[555],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-test-1","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704795992},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31398\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}