{"id":336338,"date":"2025-05-12T17:09:17","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T11:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=336338"},"modified":"2025-05-12T17:12:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T11:42:13","slug":"its-time-india-frame-a-national-security-doctrine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/its-time-india-frame-a-national-security-doctrine\/","title":{"rendered":"It\u2019s time India frame a National Security Doctrine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In an era marked by multidimensional threats ranging from state-sponsored terrorism to cyber warfare, and from border incursions to grey-zone tactics, the need for a coherent and codified <\/span><b>National Security Doctrine (NSD)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has never been more urgent for India. Despite being a nuclear power and having one of the world\u2019s largest militaries, India lacks a formal national security doctrine. As <\/span><b>K. Subrahmanyam<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the architect of India\u2019s nuclear doctrine, had once asserted<\/span><b>, \u201cNo nation can pursue effective security policy without doctrinal clarity.\u201d<br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India, situated between two nuclear-armed adversaries\u2014China and Pakistan\u2014faces continuous threats. The <\/span><b>Kargil War (1999)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>Uri Attack (2016)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>Pulwama-Balakot Crisis (2019)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and the <\/span><b>Galwan Valley clash (2020)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> highlight the recurring security threats. While India&#8217;s response has been measured and increasingly assertive, the absence of a formally articulated doctrine limits strategic foresight and long-term planning.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;text-align: center\"><strong>Table of Content\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%\"><a href=\"#h1\">What is a National Security Doctrine?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h2\">Why Does India Require a Formal National Security Doctrine?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h3\">What is the Significance and Potential Impact of a National Security Doctrine?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h4\">Indian Initiatives and Global Collaborations<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h5\">Way Forward<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><b><a id=\"h1\"><\/a>What is a National Security Doctrine?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A National Security Doctrine is a comprehensive framework of <\/span><b>guiding principles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, strategic beliefs, and operational postures that shape a nation&#8217;s military, diplomatic, and internal security responses. It goes beyond reactive tactics, providing <\/span><b>predictability, strategic clarity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>inter-agency coordination<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It serves as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>A blueprint for defense and foreign policy.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>A guide to modern warfare readiness.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>A communication tool for deterrence.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>A confidence-building measure for both citizens and allies.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s only formal doctrinal articulation is the <\/span><b>2003 Nuclear Doctrine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which emphasizes <\/span><b>&#8220;credible minimum deterrence&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and a <\/span><b>&#8220;No First Use&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> policy. However, in the absence of a broader doctrine, India&#8217;s responses to terrorism, cyber threats, or asymmetric warfare lack cohesive strategy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-336362 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-12-171114.png?resize=750%2C587&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-12-171114.png?w=986&amp;ssl=1 986w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-12-171114.png?resize=300%2C235&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-12-171114.png?resize=768%2C601&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><b><a id=\"h2\"><\/a>Why Does India Require a Formal National Security Doctrine?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Complex Geopolitical Neighborhood<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: India is flanked by two nuclear-armed adversaries\u2014China and Pakistan\u2014with a history of war and incursions. As <\/span><b>per Kautilya\u2019s <\/b><b><i>Mandala Theory<\/i><\/b><b>, \u201cthe immediate neighbor will be your enemy.\u201d<\/b> <b>Doklam (2017) and Galwan (2020)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> underscore the volatility of India\u2019s borders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Reactive vs. Proactive Posture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most Indian responses have been post-incident. A doctrine would help in shifting from <\/span><b>reactionary to preventive security<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, as in the case of China\u2019s preemptive planning under the doctrine of \u201cActive Defence\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Inadequate Civil-Military Integration: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India lacks a unified command structure. While <\/span><b>Integrated Theatre Commands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are being developed, a doctrine would guide <\/span><b>civil-military synergy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, as seen in the U.S. with its <\/span><b>National Security Strategy (NSS)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Institutional Coordination<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Multiple agencies <\/span><b>(defense, home, intelligence, MEA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> operate in silos. A doctrine provides the <\/span><b>Command, Control and Communication (C3) structure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> vital for <\/span><b>\u201cinter-agency coordination\u201d.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b> Ambiguity in Nuclear Posture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although the 2003 nuclear doctrine exists, ambiguity persists. Manohar Parrikar&#8217;s 2016 remarks questioning <\/span><b>\u2018No First Use\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> led to controversy. A revised doctrine would clarify India\u2019s nuclear red lines and strengthen deterrence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Asymmetry in Strategic Signaling: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">China\u2019s actions are informed by a <\/span><b>Sun Tzu-inspired doctrine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2014&#8221;<strong>subdue the enemy without fighting<\/strong>.&#8221; India lacks equivalent psychological and strategic messaging, which hampers geopolitical signaling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Despite Balakot and surgical strikes, cross-border terror persists. India needs a doctrine that allows <\/span><b>proportionate and preemptive retaliation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, in line with the concept of <\/span><b>\u201cmassive but non-escalatory response.\u201d<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b> Lack of Comprehensive Internal Security Vision: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Issues like Left-wing extremism, communal violence, and insurgencies are addressed ad hoc. A doctrine could integrate these concerns under <\/span><b>comprehensive internal security architecture<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Alignment of Foreign and Defence Policy: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diplomacy and defence often operate in silos. A doctrine could ensure <\/span><b>foreign policy synergy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, akin to the <\/span><b>Nixon-Kissinger model<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, where diplomacy was guided by a realist security doctrine.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Persistent Multidimensional Threats: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India faces hybrid threats from China and Pakistan, including <\/span><b>cross-border terrorism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>cyber-attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>information warfare<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>territorial aggression<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (e.g., China\u2019s salami-slicing tactics in Ladakh). A doctrine provides <\/span><b>pre-emptive clarity.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b><a id=\"h3\"><\/a><\/b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><b>What is the Significance and Potential Impact of a National Security Doctrine?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Strategic Clarity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A doctrine institutionalizes India\u2019s long-term national security vision, enabling <\/span><b>structured threat assessment and resource allocation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Inter-agency Coordination: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">By delineating responsibilities, it fosters synergy between the <\/span><b>armed forces, Air Force, Strategic Forces Command, and space\/cyber domains intelligence, home ministry, MEA, and scientific establishments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> like DRDO.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Strengthens Deterrence and Diplomatic Leverage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It sends a <\/span><b>clear message<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to adversaries regarding red lines and probable response thresholds\u2014enhancing deterrence, especially in nuclear posturing.\u00a0 Helps create red lines. <\/span><b>For example, the U.S. \u201cPivot to Asia\u201d doctrine gave coherence to its Indo-Pacific strategy, influencing allies like Japan and Australia.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b> Boosts Defence Reforms: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It helps prioritize reforms in line with strategic objectives\u2014e.g., pushing <\/span><b>theatre commands, indigenization via Atmanirbhar Bharat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and cyber defence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Improved Defence Budgeting: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The doctrine helps align defence allocations (~\u20b96.2 lakh crore in Union Budget 2024-25) with strategic priorities\u2014e.g., cybersecurity, drone warfare, mountain warfare readiness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Counter-Terrorism Coherence: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A doctrine can embed <\/span><b>principles for counter-insurgency (COIN), intelligence-led policing, and technology deployment <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">in areas like J&amp;K and the Northeast.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Predictable Global Partnerships: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It enables partners like the <\/span><b>U.S., France, Japan, Australia<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to understand India&#8217;s strategic thinking\u2014bolstering frameworks like <\/span><b>QUAD<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and <\/span><b>IAF joint exercises<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Better Crisis Management: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Codified escalation ladders and decision matrices enhance India\u2019s ability to respond swiftly in crises\u2014e.g., post-26\/11 confusion could have been averted.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Informed Public Debate: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A published doctrine strengthens democratic accountability and <\/span><b>informed citizenry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, countering misinformation and war hysteria.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Security Beyond Borders: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It allows strategic outreach through <\/span><b>defence diplomacy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, maritime domain awareness (e.g., SAGAR policy), and regional leadership.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><b><a id=\"h4\"><\/a>Indian Initiatives and Global Collaborations:<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>2003 Nuclear Doctrine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 The only formal doctrine, emphasizing NFU and massive retaliation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Defence Planning Committee (DPC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 Set up in 2018 to draft national security strategy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Theatre Command Model<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 India is transitioning to integrated theatre commands, aligning with doctrinal frameworks.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>National Cyber Security Strategy (NCSS)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 Drafted but pending clearance; would fit within an NSD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>QUAD Cooperation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 Enhances Indo-Pacific security matrix; doctrinal clarity will improve engagement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>India-France Roadmap on Defence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 Includes joint doctrine planning, naval cooperation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>U.S. Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 Real-time geospatial intel sharing for targeted operations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Strategic Partnerships in Indo-Pacific<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">QUAD, I2U2, Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) signal intent to build strategic depth.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><b>Challenges in Framing a National Security Doctrine:<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Political Reluctance and Lack of Consensus: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Doctrinal clarity may bind political options or be misread as aggression. Inter-ministerial coordination is weak; lack of <\/span><b>NSC (National Security Council) empowerment.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Civil-Military Divide<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Unlike the U.S. or Israel, India has historically maintained a separation between political and military decision-making.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Siloed Institutions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Ministries, armed forces, and intelligence often operate without unified planning.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Doctrinal Rigidity vs Flexibility<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Balancing permanence of core principles with changing tactical needs is difficult.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Technological Lag and Dependence:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Rapid tech advancements (AI, drones, hypersonic) make doctrines quickly outdated. Overdependence on imports for key defense technologies <\/span><b>(e.g., jet engines, high-end semiconductors)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> undermines doctrinal self-sufficiency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Absence of a National Security Strategy Document<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: India has no declassified strategy akin to the <\/span><b>U.S. National Security Strategy (updated every 4 years)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Hybrid and Gray-Zone Warfare<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Blurred lines between war and peace (e.g., standoff without shots at LAC) challenge doctrinal responses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Lack of Strategic Culture<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 As observed by <\/span><b>George Tanham (RAND),<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> India lacks long-term strategic thinking.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><b><a id=\"h5\"><\/a>Way Forward:<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Institutionalize a Periodic National Security Strategy (NSS): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A periodic National Security Strategy (NSS) ensures a <\/span><b>regular assessment of threats<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, evolving strategic priorities, and coordinated responses. Such a document provides <\/span><b>strategic continuity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, even amid changing governments, and strengthens <\/span><b>civil-military coherence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><b> Example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The <\/span><b>Kargil Review Committee Report (1999)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> recommended such a strategy for India. However, India has yet to adopt a formal, institutionalized periodic NSS.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Adopt a Tiered Doctrine Model: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A tiered model enables the development of sub-doctrines under a unified framework \u2014 covering <\/span><b>military defense<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>internal security<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>cybersecurity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>intelligence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>diplomacy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. This structure promotes <\/span><b>inter-agency alignment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, efficient crisis management, and clarity of roles. <\/span><b>Example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The <\/span><b>UK\u2019s Integrated Review (2021)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> integrates military, diplomatic, development, and tech security into one overarching policy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Publish an Unclassified Summary for Strategic Communication: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A publicly available summary of the national security doctrine ensures <\/span><b>transparency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, shapes <\/span><b>strategic communication<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and acts as a tool for <\/span><b>international signaling<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It also builds public and global awareness of India\u2019s red lines and policy priorities.<\/span><b> Example:<\/b> <b>NATO\u2019s Strategic Concept (2022)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an open document identifying adversaries (like Russia and China) and guiding collective defense.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Legislate the NSD through Parliament: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Legislating the National Security Doctrine through Parliament will provide it with <\/span><b>democratic legitimacy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>institutional permanence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and ensure <\/span><b>continuity across governments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It would also formalize the roles of agencies and improve oversight.<\/span><b> Example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The <\/span><b>Goldwater-Nichols Act (1986)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the U.S. reformed military command structure and legislated national defense planning, enhancing inter-service cooperation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Institutionalize Strategic Education: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Embedding <\/span><b>strategic studies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and <\/span><b>national security thinking<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in civil services, foreign services, police academies, and military training is vital. It fosters a shared understanding of India\u2019s national interests across institutions.<\/span><b> Example:<\/b> <b>Israel\u2019s National Security College<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> trains senior officials in integrated security and foreign policy thinking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Integrate NSD with Budgeting and R&amp;D Prioritization: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The NSD must guide <\/span><b>defense budgeting<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, capital procurement, and R&amp;D efforts (e.g., DRDO, iDEX, DPSUs). This ensures funding supports doctrinal priorities like space, cyber, or missile defense, avoiding ad hoc resource allocation. <\/span><b>Example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The <\/span><b>U.S. Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> aligns strategy with defense budgets and capability development cycles.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Embed Cyber and AI Security in the Doctrine: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Next-generation threats like <\/span><b>cyber warfare<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>AI-driven disinformation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>digital infrastructure sabotage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> must be explicitly addressed in the doctrine. This prepares India for hybrid warfare and emerging asymmetric threats. <\/span><b>Example:<\/b> <b>NATO\u2019s Cyber Defence Centre<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Link Foreign Policy with National Security Doctrine: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Foreign policy must support national security aims \u2014 through <\/span><b>strategic partnerships<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>economic corridors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>global influence operations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. A doctrinal linkage ensures India\u2019s diplomatic efforts reinforce its security architecture.<\/span><b> Example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> India\u2019s <\/span><b>Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>QUAD<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>India-Middle East-Europe Corridor (IMEC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are natural fits for alignment with a national security doctrine.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Conclusion:<br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s rising economic and geopolitical profile demands <\/span><b>strategic maturity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> anchored in a clear national security doctrine. As Chanakya warned, <\/span><b>\u201cA kingdom is only as safe as its farthest borders.\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Security today is not just about weapons but about <\/span><b>resilience, perception, and preemption<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. A National Security Doctrine is not a war plan; it is a peace architecture rooted in strength, vision, and strategic foresight. As Sun Tzu said, <\/span><b>\u201cThe acme of skill is to win without fighting.\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> For India, framing a doctrine is the first step in <\/span><b>ensuring that there are no wars to win in the first place.<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%\"><strong>Read More: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/ram-madhav-india-framed-national-security-doctrine-9993537\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Indian Express<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>UPSC Syllabus GS-3: Internal Security<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In an era marked by multidimensional threats ranging from state-sponsored terrorism to cyber warfare, and from border incursions to grey-zone tactics, the need for a coherent and codified National Security Doctrine (NSD) has never been more urgent for India. Despite being a nuclear power and having one of the world\u2019s largest militaries, India lacks a&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/its-time-india-frame-a-national-security-doctrine\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">It\u2019s time India frame a National Security Doctrine<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10391,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-336338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7-pm","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/336338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10391"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=336338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/336338\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=336338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=336338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=336338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}