{"id":337347,"date":"2025-05-19T16:08:58","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T10:38:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=337347"},"modified":"2025-05-28T17:35:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T12:05:09","slug":"presidential-reference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/presidential-reference\/","title":{"rendered":"Presidential Reference"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>News: In May 2025, <strong>President Droupadi Murmu<\/strong> made a reference to the Supreme Court under <strong>Article 143<\/strong>, seeking its opinion on <strong>14 specific legal questions<\/strong>. This followed a recent Supreme Court judgment that prescribed <strong>timelines<\/strong> for <strong>Governors and the President<\/strong> to act on <strong>State legislation<\/strong>, and made such decisions <strong>subject to judicial review<\/strong>. <strong>Presidential Reference.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-338520 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Presidential-Reference.png?resize=493%2C327&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Presidential Reference\" width=\"493\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Presidential-Reference.png?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Presidential-Reference.png?resize=1024%2C680&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Presidential-Reference.png?resize=768%2C510&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Presidential-Reference.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>About Presidential Reference<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>A <strong>Presidential Reference<\/strong> is a provision under <strong>Article 143 of the Indian Constitution<\/strong> that allows the <strong>President of India<\/strong> to refer questions of <strong>law or fact of public importance<\/strong> to the <strong>Supreme Court<\/strong> for its advisory opinion.<\/li>\n<li>This mechanism enables the executive to seek legal clarity on complex constitutional or legal matters.<\/li>\n<li>However, the opinion given by the Supreme Court in such a reference is <strong>not binding<\/strong>, although it carries significant <strong>persuasive value<\/strong> and is generally followed by both the executive and the judiciary.<\/li>\n<li>The advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 143 has its origins in the <strong>Government of India Act, 1935<\/strong>, which permitted the <strong>Governor-General<\/strong> to refer legal questions to the <strong>Federal Court<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nature of the Supreme Court&#8217;s Opinion:<\/strong> The opinion rendered by the Supreme Court on a Presidential Reference is not legally binding on the President. It also does not have precedential value for future judicial decisions. However, the opinion usually has strong persuasive authority and is often followed by the government and the courts.<\/li>\n<li>The Supreme Court is <strong>not obligated<\/strong> to answer a Presidential Reference. It has the discretion to <strong>decline<\/strong> if it finds the question too vague, inappropriate, or beyond its advisory role. For instance, in <strong>1993<\/strong>, the Court <strong>declined to answer<\/strong> the <strong>Ram Janmabhoomi Reference<\/strong>, citing concerns over the political and religious sensitivity of the matter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong style=\"font-size: 24px;\">Constitutional Provisions<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Under <strong>Article 143(1)<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution, the President may refer to the Supreme Court any question of law or fact that is of <strong>public importance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Under <strong>Article 143(2)<\/strong>, the President may also seek the Court\u2019s opinion on disputes related to <strong>pre-Constitutional treaties, agreements, or instruments<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>According to <strong>Article 145<\/strong>, such matters are required to be heard by a bench consisting of <strong>at least five judges<\/strong> of the Supreme Court.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News: In May 2025, President Droupadi Murmu made a reference to the Supreme Court under Article 143, seeking its opinion on 14 specific legal questions. This followed a recent Supreme Court judgment that prescribed timelines for Governors and the President to act on State legislation, and made such decisions subject to judicial review. Presidential Reference.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/presidential-reference\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Presidential Reference<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10366,"featured_media":338520,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,1760,12039],"tags":[11872,10498],"class_list":["post-337347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-polity-and-nation","category-knolls","tag-9pm-daily-factly","tag-the-hindu","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Presidential-Reference.png?fit=1280%2C850&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337347","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10366"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=337347"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337347\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/338520"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=337347"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=337347"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=337347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}